managing farm and factory

... Econometrics and Finance of the University of Groningen in the Netherlands and holds a chair in Energy and Sustainability His research is directed at international finance and banking, and environmental and ... President of Storebrand Investments, founded Storebrand Principle Funds and Storebrand Scudder Environmental Value Fund He also founded and was Managing Director of Vesta Funds/Skandia Funds in Norway ... includes out- and in-links), GRI (16 and 389 links), and 10 S Waddell CERES (15 and 175 links) The other center is the UN, where the UNEP has 11 and 817 links, and the UN itself with 10 and 951 links...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2014, 23:32

... identifying and dismantling harmful tax practices 11 Where jurisdictions give strong political endorsement to, adhere to, and make progress in implementing international standards, and where possible and ... secrecy, and harmful tax competition Governments must intensify their cooperation and strengthen international frameworks to effectively combat money laundering and harmful tax competition, and to ... international standards and good governance For this reason, we need to better coordinate our efforts and provide further impetus to efforts under way at various international fora and expeditious...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 21:20

... and map projections are discussed in a simple manner in Chapter 4, offering a clear understanding of this widely misunderstood area Chapters and address the various modes of GPS positioning and ... panel L-band antenna S-band antenna Figure 1.1 GPS constellation Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Introductionhttp://www.simpopdf Version - to GPS Space segment GPS signal Download (L-band) ... Garcia, and Ascension Island) are also equipped with ground antennas for uploading the information to the GPS satellites All of the monitor stations and the ground control stations are unmanned and...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 14:20

... and map projections are discussed in a simple manner in Chapter 4, offering a clear understanding of this widely misunderstood area Chapters and address the various modes of GPS positioning and ... GPS Solar panel L-band antenna S-band antenna Figure 1.1 GPS constellation Introduction to GPS Space segment GPS signal Download (L-band) Control segment AM FL Y Upload (S-band) User segment ... positioning and timing services: the Precise Positioning Service (PPS) and the Standard Positioning Service (SPS) [3] 10 Introduction to GPS PPS is the most precise autonomous positioning and timing...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 10:22

... C/A-code) and precision (or P-code) Each code consists of a stream of binary digits, zeros and ones, known as bits or chips The codes are commonly known as PRN codes because they look like random ... launched, and Block IIF and possibly Block III satellites To meet the future requirements, the GPS decision makers have studied several options to adequately modify the signal structure and system ... redundancy and improve positioning accuracy, signal availability, and system integrity The modernization program will include the addition of a civil code (C/A-code) on the L2 frequency and two...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 10:22

... errors and biases As shown in Chapter 2, some of these errors and biases can be eliminated or reduced through appropriate combinations of the GPS observables For example, combining L1 and L2 ... order of 2m to 5m, and can reach up to 50m under selective availability [3] According to [2], the range error due to the combined effect of the ephemeris and the GPS Errors and Biases 29 satellite ... cost of installing and operating a DGPS system This is mainly because of the reduction in the required transmission rate 3.3 Satellite and receiver clock errors Each GPS Block II and Block IIA satellite...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 10:22

... [8] Craymer, M., R Ferland, and R Snay, “Realization and Unification of NAD83 in Canada and the U.S Via the ITRF,” Proc Intl Symp Intl Assoc Datums, Coordinate Systems, and Map Projections 67 ... 60–63 [11] Casey, M J., and P Kielland, “Electronic Charts and GPS,” GPS World, Vol 1, No 4, July/August 1990, pp 56–59 [12] Schwarz, K P., and M G Sideris, “Heights and GPS,” GPS World, Vol ... parallels are called the standard parallels (i.e., one standard parallel is produced in the first case while two standard parallels are produced in the second case) Upon cutting and unfolding the imaginary...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 10:22

... used in practice are the low/medium frequency (LF/MF) bands (i.e., 30 kHz to MHz) and the very high and ultrahigh frequency (VHF/UHF) bands (i.e., 30 MHz to GHz) [7, 8] Often, GPS users utilize ... software has the forward and backward processing functions Once the data is collected and downloaded, PC software is used to process it Some software packages have the forward and backward processing ... Modes 77 or centimeter-level accuracy Both single- and dual-frequency receivers may use the stop -and- go surveying method A special case of stop -and- go surveying is known as kinematic GPS surveying...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 10:22

... exchanging the antennas between the base and the rover while tracking at least four satellites More details on this method are given later Both the known baseline and the antenna swap methods are more ... several years Only one method is summarized here [4] The base and rover measurements are combined in the double differenced mode and an initial adjustment by, for example, the least squares or ... values and/ or the probability level, the larger the size of the confidence region The confidence region takes the shape of an ellipse if the number of the estimated parameters is two, and an...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 10:22

... including OMNISTAR and RACAL LandStar [7, 8] Both of these systems use satellite data link and cover various regions of the world (see Figure 7.3) The OMNISTAR service operates in the C-band of the frequency ... also access GPS data through the CORS and CACS networks, which are operated by the U.S NGS and Geomatics Canada, respectively [3, 4] One advantage of using CORS and CACS data is that the reference ... dual-frequency receivers and a number of data and analysis centers Figure 7.1 shows the current IGS tracking stations The raw GPS data collected at each tracking station is formatted in a standard format,...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 10:22

... coordinates, number and types of observation, observation interval in seconds, time of first observation record, and other information The observation types are defined as L1 and L2, and represent ... measurements on L1 and L2 (cycles); C1 represents the pseudorange using C/A-code on L1 (meters); P1 and P2 represent the pseudorange using P-code on L1 and L2 (meters); D1 and D2 represent the ... values and the rate of clock corrections are mixed with this information To handle this, the position and clock correction record will be on one line, followed by a line containing the velocity and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 10:22

... 537–544 [5] Kaplan, E., Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications, Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1996 [6] Schwarz, K P., and N El-Sheimy, “Future Positioning and Navigation (POS/NAV) Technologies ... inertial system Integrating GPS and INS overcomes the limitations of both systems [7] In fact, GPS and INS complement each other While GPS provides the initialization and the calibration to the inertial ... with this method As both the TDOA and AOA 126 Introduction to GPS methods have advantages and drawbacks, some network operators combine the two methods [11] Handset-based location technology integrates...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 10:22

... information such as nitrogen and organic material contents can be obtained This type of information is mapped and used as a reference to guide farmers in efficiently and economically treating soil ... wide acceptance, and is expected to become the standard tool for rapid determination of the sensor position and orientation With recent advances in digital airborne imaging sensors and digital photogrammetric ... development and scanning are required, which further reduces the time and the cost of photogrammetric work Other applications such as airborne remote sensing and light detection and ranging (LIDAR)...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 10:22

... onboard atomic clocks, and the facility to transmit the C/A code on both L1 and L2 carrier frequencies [4] GPS and GLONASS systems may be integrated to improve geometry and positioning accuracy, ... the system is in land and marine transportation China is also planning to build its second-generation satellite positioning and navigation system, which will have more satellites and more coverage ... the P-code and the C/A-code are 5.11 and 0.511 Mbps, respectively The GLONASS navigation message is a 50-bps data stream, which provides, among other things, the satellite ephemeris and the channel...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 10:22

... chart systems, and integrated navigation systems for land navigation and hydrographic surveying Dr El-Rabbany currently holds leading positions with a number of local, national, and international ... research, instructional, and industrial experience in the general discipline of geomatics engineering, with specializations in GPS, geodesy, data modeling and estimation, and hydrographic surveying ... and Least Squares, New York: University Press of America, 1976 AM FL Y Appendix B Useful Web Sites B.1 GPS/GLONASS/Galileo information and data TE Canadian Active Control System (CACS data and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 10:22

... Monitor in Chicago, and she and her husband, Josh, have two children Merritt owns and runs the Portland Beavers Triple-A baseball team and the Portland Timbers soccer team He and his wife, Heather, ... problems and had sent in teams of Fed and OCC examiners to help them understand and itemize the problems down to the last dollar The Fed and the OCC saw a huge capital hole in Fannie and Freddie; ... accounting scandals, most notoriously the collapse of Enron, and created tougher standards for public accounting firms and the management and boards of public companies Every now and then I’d...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2014, 23:21

... and map projections are discussed in a simple manner in Chapter 4, offering a clear understanding of this widely misunderstood area Chapters and address the various modes of GPS positioning and ... GPS Solar panel L-band antenna S-band antenna Figure 1.1 GPS constellation Introduction to GPS Space segment GPS signal Download (L-band) Control segment AM FL Y Upload (S-band) User segment ... positioning and timing services: the Precise Positioning Service (PPS) and the Standard Positioning Service (SPS) [3] 10 Introduction to GPS PPS is the most precise autonomous positioning and timing...

Ngày tải lên: 03/01/2016, 18:55

... one hand, and makes international comparison of commodities and consumptions difficult on the other hand Then, transportation and physical movements of export goods incur additional costs, and ... Australia Austria Belgium Canada Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Italy Japan Netherlands New Zealand Norway Portugal Ireland Spain Sweden Switzerland UK US Japan 0.67 0.56 2.12 25.09 0.47 ... the band width Bands can be either symmetric around the crawling central rate or asymmetric with different upper and lower bands The commitment to maintaining the exchange rate within the band...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 04:20

... countries— Pakistan and Lebanon—accounted for 89 percent of volume in the Middle East and North Africa Region; and Vietnam and China accounted for 98 percent of volume in the East Asia and Pacific Region ... oversight of portfolio and proût and loss for current results and future outlook IFC agrees that the best approach and methodology for measuring product proûtability for internal Trade and Supply Chain ... specialize and develop economies of scale, improve resource allocation efficiency, and generate economic opportunities and employment (see, for example, Dollar and Kraay 2003; Berg and Krueger...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 16:08

... countries— Pakistan and Lebanon—accounted for 89 percent of volume in the Middle East and North Africa Region; and Vietnam and China accounted for 98 percent of volume in the East Asia and Pacific Region ... oversight of portfolio and proût and loss for current results and future outlook IFC agrees that the best approach and methodology for measuring product proûtability for internal Trade and Supply Chain ... specialize and develop economies of scale, improve resource allocation efficiency, and generate economic opportunities and employment (see, for example, Dollar and Kraay 2003; Berg and Krueger...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 16:13