management of the groundwater arsenic disaster in bangladesh
Niche Modeling: Predictions From Statistical Distributions - Chapter 1 doc
... (MA) series results from applying an averaging function in a moving window over the points in the series (Figure 1.6) As can be seen in the plot of the ACF, the averaging process produces some autocorrelation ... at all other lags are below the level of significance, indicated by the dashed line, demonstrating that in an IID series the values are independent of each other 1.4.2.2 Moving Average Moving Average ... encoded into the assumptions of the methodology, so allowing no other conclusion than the one obtained Here we show a potential approach to the problem of quantifying circular reasoning By feeding...
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Niche Modeling: Predictions From Statistical Distributions - Chapter 4 pptx
... concept of a niche The chapter concludes with a proof of the lack of continuity of the standard definition of environmental envelopes over the box topology, and argues for definition of the niche in the ... zero, that the probability of all events sum to one, and that the union of independent events is the sum of the individual probabilities of the events In technical terms, expressing a niche in this ... fi is continuous, with each fi−1 (Xi ) defining r occurrences of b, the function f under the box topology is not continuous The volume of the niche is zero in the in nite limit, meaning the projected...
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Niche Modeling: Predictions From Statistical Distributions - Chapter 8 docx
... indicate the degree of correlation of the independent to the predicted values It is calculated from SSE the sum of squares of the errors and SSM the sum of squares of the mean r2 = − SSE/SSM The r2 ... occurrences within the range of species may be a poor indicator of the accuracy of the model beyond that range Equivalently, the only reliable indication of the accuracy of a niche model may be the accuracy ... at the beginning of the CRU temperature record, marked with a horizontal dashed line (test period to the left, training to right of temperature values) Most of the r2 values for the individual...
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Niche Modeling: Predictions From Statistical Distributions - Chapter 9 pdf
... but due to the inversion of the linear model, the amplitude of the temperature reconstruction is greatly increased In contrast to R1, the inverted function overestimates the amplitude of past temperatures ... temperature and rainfall) at three response points Solid and dashed lines are climate principles; dotted lines the response of the proxies We now examine the consequences of reconstructing temperatures ... calibration models (lines) from the subset years of the series (circles) The right-hand graphs show the reconstructions (solid line) resulting from inversion of the derived model plotted over the temperatures...
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Niche Modeling: Predictions From Statistical Distributions - Chapter 10 ppt
... high H, increasing numbers of data not decrease our uncertainty in the mean very much Alternatively, there are few effective points At the level of the CRU of H = 0.95 the uncertainty in a mean ... examine a set of proxy series listed in Table 9.1 of the previous chapter, as well as the temperature and precipitation from a sample of landscape 10.1 Detecting LTP One of the main operations in ... line of low slope (0.5) The random walk is also a straight line of higher slope as are CRU and SSS Notably the slope of the AR(1) model declines with higher aggregations, converging towards the...
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Statistical size distributions in economics & actuarial sciences (2003)
... incomes of progressively increasing amounts and r the number of income earners, out of the totality of n income earners, with incomes of xnÀrþ1 and up, the distribution of incomes satisfies the following ... generally obtained In this case, the determinant of the distribution of income “earners” would be their aptitude for theft What presumably determines the distribution in a community in which the production ... tried to describe the distributions outlined here within the context of the personalities of their originators since in our opinion the personality, temperament, and background of the authors cited...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Generating statistical language models from interpretation grammars in dialogue systems" potx
... are considering basing our re-ranking on the information held in the dialogue information state, knowledge of what is going on in the graphical interface and on dialogue moves in the list that ... statistically compare the results with the results of the Nuance grammar showing that the differences of WER of the models in comparison with the baseline are all significant on the p=0.05 significance ... outperform the baseline i.e the Nuance Grammar MP3NuanceGr on the evaluation test set (being mostly out-ofcoverage) and that the MP3GFLM outperforms the baseline overall as the difference of WER in the...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Syntax-to-Morphology Mapping in Factored Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation from English to Turkish" ppt
... being composed of two factors: the roots and the accompanying tags The tags on the Turkish side encode morphosyntactic information encoded in the morphology of the words, while the The meanings ... difference, we investigated the correlation of the decrease in the number of tokens on both sides of the parallel data, with the change in BLEU scores The graph in Figure plots the BLEU scores and the number ... number of tokens in the two sides of the training data as the data is modified with transformations We can see that as the number of tokens in English decrease, the BLEU score increases In order...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Deep dependencies from context-free statistical parsers: correcting the surface dependency approximation" pptx
... in this testset involve dislocated nodes dominating their origin sites It is not entirely clear how to interpret the intended semantics of these examples, so we ignore them in evaluation 13 The ... recursively remapping discontinuous parts of nodes upward into higher phrases and marking their sites of origin.3 The resulting “traces” correspond roughly to a subclass of the second class of Penn Treebank ... jects after other complements The positioning of NEGRA’s “traces” inside the mother node is completely algorithmic; a dislocated constituent C has its trace at the edge of the original mother closest...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Power-Law Distributions for Paraphrases Extracted from Bilingual Corpora" pdf
... less than the number of vertices of the initial giant component P0 These remaining vertices are the residues We then construct the graph R which consists of the residues together with all their ... the syntactic information of the phrases The quality of the paraphrases’ ranked lists outperforms that of a standard baseline The quality of the resulting conditional probabilities is promising ... The resulting conditional probabilities adequately represent the proximity of the involved vertices On the other hand, the range of the co-occurrence counts is not compatible with that of the...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Are These Documents Written from Different Perspectives? A Test of Different Perspectives Based On Statistical Distribution Divergence" ppt
... is the sample variance of θ1 , θ2 , , θM , ˆ and Φ(·)−1 is the inverse of the standard normal cumulative density function The second kind of variance is due to the intrinsic uncertainties of ... classification of product reviews In Proceedings of the 12th International World Wide Web Conference (WWW2003) B D Ripley 1987 Stochastic Simulation Wiley Minqing Hu and Bing Liu 2004 Mining and summarizing ... (Riloff and Wiebe, 2003), and find that the percentages of the subjective sentences in the bitterlemons corpus (see Section 4) are similar (65.6% in the Palestinian documents and 66.2% in the...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Bootstrapping Statistical Parsers from Small Datasets" pptx
... to the training data of the Collins-CFG parser The training data of the LTAG parser was augmented in the same way, using the 20 highest scoring parses from the set of 30, but using the Collins-CFG ... modified in order to provide input for the re-training phase in the Collins-CFG parser These steps ensured that the output of the Collins-CFG parser could be used as new labelled data to re-train the ... label the sentences and provide the joint probability for scoring Figure gives the results for the Collins-CFG parser, and also shows the self-training curve for 335 Co-training versus self-training...
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Báo cáo hóa học: "Research Article Statistical Real-time Model for Performance Prediction of Ship Detection from Microsatellite Electro-Optical Imagers" docx
... by the percentage of the length of the line in the original image that effectively crosses a line in the original image Hence, this curve exhibits a maximum when the line is confounded with the ... application of a line-detection algorithm to the center pixel of the ship There are an in nite number of lines passing through this pixel These lines generate a curve in the line-space Each point on this ... Finding a model for pm,bl (Rbl ) implies to include the effect of the PSF We can m either compute the convolution of the PSF with the image pixels or perform the FT of the image and multiply the...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " From Matched Spatial Filtering towards the Fused Statistical Descriptive Regularization Method for Enhanced Radar Imaging" pot
... filtering Consider the model from the previous example for an assumption, α S+ S , that is, the case of a priority of suppression of the noise over minimization of the systematic error in the optimization ... of the incoherent nature of the scattering field e(x), the vector E has a diagonal correlation matrix, RE = diag{B} = D(B) , in which the K × vector of the principal diagonal B is com∗ posed of ... side-looking SAR with the fractionally synthesized aperture; that is, the array was synthesized by the moving antenna The SFO of such a SAR is factored along two axes in the image plane [14]: the...
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Báo cáo y học: "A statistical approach for detecting genomic aberrations in heterogeneous tumor samples from single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping data" pot
... correct interpretation of the SNP data requires consideration of the underlying triploid nature of the cancer cell line and the varying levels of normal DNA contamination As the germline-, normal- ... determined Note that it is the allele-specific information in the B allele frequencies that inform us of the baseline error, and variation in the intensity-based LRR does not yield this information ... consistency These results motivate the utility of inferring both baseline ploidy and normal contamination within an integrated framework since the ploidy status and tumor purity of actual clinical...
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Báo cáo y học: "Results from the national sepsis practice survey: predictions about mortality and morbidity and recommendations for limitation of care orders" docx
... of 355 completed surveys We used the 5th to the 95th percentile of the estimated mortality predictions (inclusive of 90% of respondents) for each vignette as a measure of the variability in these ... morbidity These findings suggest that physicians incorporate clinical factors into their estimates, which are independent of validated severity of illness scores These prognostic estimates and the ... with washing and dressing himself in six months, assuming the patient survived Univariable estimates include only the variable indicated in the model Analyses accounted for non-independence of responses...
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Báo cáo y học: "inferring steady state single-cell gene expression distributions from analysis of mesoscopic samples" docx
... at a final concentration of mM to protect the RNA, then incubated at 75°C for 10 minutes to deactivate the DNase I Resulting RNA from single cells was then subjected to RT-PCR according to the ... assumption is that the number of mRNA copies inside a single cell follows a Poisson distribution If we view a whole tissue as being made up of N cells of the same type, then the corresponding expression ... assumptions, the fit improves as the number of replicates increases Nevertheless, even with ten replicates, we see that the analytical solution does an adequate job of explaining the overall trend of biological...
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Formulas from combustion Analysis
... kinh nghi m CH2O B áp d ng vào công th c nên ta tìm Công th c phân t tìm c công th c phân t , tr c h t ph i xác nh c công th c kinh nghi m( SGK g i công th c chung, ây ã dùng tên công th c kinh ... Làm tròn s ho c dùng phân s t i gi n áp d ng vào công th c ó công th c kinh ghi m c a h p ch t CH2 Ví d Tìm công th c kinh nghi m c a h p ch t ch a cacbon, hydro, oxy n u 1.000g h p ch t em t ... nghi m).Thì nh ng thông tin v kh i l ng mol ( kh i l ng mol kh i l ng c a mol ch t kh o sát) r t c n thi t cho vi c gi i nh ng d ng toán có c công th c phân t t công th c kinh nghi m, tr c h t ph...
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How to setup a Linux system that can boot directly from a software RAID
... provides, the installation of the system starts: Notice that while the system is installing, the software RAID transparently initializes the RAID devices: Finally restart the system: Enabling boot ... of the first disk, and on the first partition of the second disk Testing the system Now suppose the boot disk /dev/hda fails Simply shutting down the PC, removing the first disk and switching ... existing data of partitions involved in the process will be lost), and delete or resize existing partitions to create space for the software RAID partitions If the disks already contain software...
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Cambridge.University.Press.Allegories.of.Union.in.Irish.and.English.Writing.1790-1870.Politics.History.and.the.Family.from.Edgeworth.to.Arnold.Oct.2000.pdf
... ‘‘peripheral’’ to the main lines of development of the novel, we should follow the lead of Ina Ferris and Katie Trumpener by investigating the central role of ‘ the regional’’ in the construction of English ... becoming good members of the Empire that they should not remain in the anomalous position they are in, but since they absolutely refuse to become the one thing, that they become the other; ... required the development of ideological instruments that would promote these ends, arts of peace rather than of war, of in uence instead of domination: in the revolutionary s in Ireland, amidst the...
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