magnetization versus temperature and magnetic field

... domains such as the 5’- and 3’ UTR, and TRS of leader (TRS-L) and each ORF (TRS-B), and this is mediated by protein-RNA and protein-protein interactions comprising of both viral and cellular proteins ... of the template strand until it reaches a CS-B where it stalls Next base-pairing complementarity occurs between the TRS-L hairpin and TRS-B in the nascent minus-stranded RNA and finally template ... hairpin and TRS-B in the nascent minus-stranded RNA is followed by (III) Template switch to the TRS-L resumes the minus strand synthesis 1.1.6.4 Translation The structural proteins (and accessory...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:07

... Interactions among HIV gp120, CD4, and CXCR4: dependence on CD4 expression level, gp120 viral origin, conservation of the gp120 COOHand NH2-termini and V1/V2 and V3 loops, and sensitivity to neutralizing ... neutralization in standard and "post-CD4" formats (Fig 4) The standard neutralization format uses Cf2.Th.CD4.CCR5 cells The "post-CD4" format involves pre-incubating virus with sCD4 and graded concentrations ... 2G12 on Env-HSPG and Env-DC-SIGN binding Effect of5 Effect of 2G12 on Env-HSPG and Env-DC-SIGN binding A) The inhibitory effect of mannan (50 µg/ml) and 2G12 Fab (25 µg/ml) and 2G12 IgG (25 µg/ml)...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:20

... 100 standard post-CD4 80 60 40 20 0.001 0.01 0.1 10 mAb concentration (µg/ml) Figure formats (closed circles) C) post-CD4 (open in the of mAbs b12, assay and and 2G12 was assessedactivity standard ... postCD4 assay format The neutralization activity of mAbs A) b12, B) X5, and C) 2G12 was assessed in the standard (closed circles) and post-CD4 (open circles) neutralization formats Results are expressed ... http://www.retrovirology.com/content/4/1/23 b12 (CD4bs) 120 100 standard post-CD4 80 60 40 20 0.001 0.01 0.1 10 mAb concentration (µg/ml) % residual infection B) X5 (CD4i) 120 100 80 60 standard post-CD4 40 20 0.001 0.01 0.1...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:20

... removal of the unbound tracer and washing, the cells were extracted with cold acid saline to separate the cell surface-bound and internalized ligand (see Materials and methods) The results are ... labeling (ext) and internalization (int) of 125I-labeled hPYY(3–36) in gpY2-CHO cells at 10 lM PAO The control labeling at 60 was 20.3 ± 0.6 and 6.9 ± 0.23 (37 °C), and 24 ± 0.83 and 3.3 ± 0.15 ... strongly expressed adhesion and interaction factors such as integrins (e.g a1-integrin, a laminin and collagen receptor), cadherins, and glypicans Adhesion system ligands possessing multiple vicinal...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 04:20

... and C) and nuclei in the intestine of an early L4 larva (A’, B’, and C’) are indicated by arrows Panels show DNA staining by DAPI (A and A’), EdU staining (B and B’) and merged images (C and C’) ... diagnostic and prognostic marker in many neoplasms has been extensively studied and its role in standard biological evaluation of the clinical course and management of cancers among them Lymphomas and ... 3,4,5,6,7 specially in preneoplastic and cancers and also in some viral and endocrine diseases eg Diabetes They have been suggested as standard diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in some tumoral...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 19:20

... Glutamax and non-essential amino acids (all from GIBCO Paisley, Scotland), thereafter referred to as complete medium, and 5% (v/v) human serum (Blutspendezentrum, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland) ... presence of primers and probes specific for genes encoding IFN-γ, IL-2, IL6, IL-10 and TNF-α as already described [21] or MIP-1β (Assays-on-demand, Applied Biosystems, Rotkreuz, Switzerland) Antigen ... reverse transcribed and amplified in the presence of primers and probes specific for β-actin house keeping gene and genes encoding different cytokines Expression of IFN-γ and IL-2 genes was significantly...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... transfected with empty vector and cells treated by 50 µM cisplatin for 16 hr were set as (-) and (+) controls Transfected cells were collected at 24 hr and 48 hr after incubation and analyzed by Apoalert™ ... effect by HBV genome A, B, and C Flow cytometry analysis of apoptotic effect by HBV genome A, B, and C HepG2 cells were transiently transfected with HBV genome A, B, and C and incubated for 24 h ... using Vector NTI9 Result was generated and compared with other BH3 domains Results and discussion FACS results A cell-based system for HBV genome A, B, and C replication was generated by cloning...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 18:20

... transfected with empty vector and cells treated by 50 µM cisplatin for 16 hr were set as (-) and (+) controls Transfected cells were collected at 24 hr and 48 hr after incubation and analyzed by Apoalert™ ... effect by HBV genome A, B, and C Flow cytometry analysis of apoptotic effect by HBV genome A, B, and C HepG2 cells were transiently transfected with HBV genome A, B, and C and incubated for 24 h ... using Vector NTI9 Result was generated and compared with other BH3 domains Results and discussion FACS results A cell-based system for HBV genome A, B, and C replication was generated by cloning...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... with TBP and b-actin antibodies and taken as nuclear and cytosolic loading controls, respectively, and also used to ascertain the purity of the nuclear and cytosolic preparations (A) Bands were ... cells, and the ensuing effect on gluconeogenesis and glucose output Our results show that, in the presence of TNFa, insulin-induced inhibition of gluconeogenesis and glucose output is attenuated and ... rate-limiting enzymes of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, including phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), and by regulating glucagon and Pdx-1 gene expression in...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 02:20

... mobility controls: labelled Comp-CT alone and a completely annealed reaction Samples were taken at 0, 1, 3, 10, and 30 Single-stranded (ss) and double-stranded (ds) species are indicated (B) Bar ... 1· Gels were dried and autoradiography visualized by using GP-Storage Phosphor Screen and storm scanner and software (Amersham Biosciences) Radioactive bands were quantified and annealing percentage ... test) protein that binds single-stranded nucleic acids and is able to promote interstrand reannealing of DNA as well as RNA [35,36] hnRNP Al is phosphorylated by CK2 and PKA PKA phosphorylation suppresses...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 12:20

... CRABPIa (88%) and the mammalian and pufferfish CRABPIs (84–85%) (Fig 1A), lower sequence identity to the mammalian and fish CRABPIIs (58–71%) and lowest identity to the mammalian and fish CRBPs ... (Fig 1A), followed by mammalian and zebrafish CRABPIIs (58–69%), mammalian and zebrafish CRBPIs (28–34%), mammalian and zebrafish CRBPIIs (28–30%), human CRBPIII (29%) and CRBPIV (30%) (data not shown) ... of the crabp1a and crabp1b transcripts during embryonic and larval development The spatio-temporal distribution of the zebrafish crabp1a and crabp1b transcripts during embryonic and FEBS Journal...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 22:20

... physiological sites during hemostasis and at atherosclerotic sites during thrombosis ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We acknowledge grants from the Netherlands Heart Foundation and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific ... were bought from Molecular Probes (Leiden, the Netherlands) Manoalide, U73122, U73343 and InsP3 came from Biomol (Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA), and thimerosal (sodium ethylmercuri-thiosalicylate) ... were allowed to bind to the surface, and bathed in 0.5 mL buffer A supplemented with 10 lM RGDS, apyrase (0.2 U ADPaseÆmL)1) and CaCl2 (2 mM) at 23 °C Agonists and antagonists were given as freshly...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 17:20

... (EGTA) and intracellular (BAPTA) Ca2+ chelators on c-Fos expression in control and ouabain-treated cells (B) Immunoreactive c-Fos content in the absence and presence of ouabain, EGTA and BAPTA ... of ouabain and serum on the ratio of firefly luciferase (F-luc) and Renilla luciferase (R-luc) luminescence in HeLa cells, C11-MDCK cells and VSMCs The cells were transfected with R-luc and F-luc ... containing 100 mm MgCl2 and 10 mm Hepes ⁄ Tris buffer (pH 7.4), and lysed with 1% SDS ⁄ mm EDTA The radioactivity of the incubation medium and cell lysate was quantified, and intracellular cation...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 08:20

... for c-counting and the wells washed Bound ligand was released from the wells with 10% SDS and taken for c-counting Ligand binding was expressed as bound divided by free ligand and corrected for ... a ribbon diagram in which b-strand 2C of PAI-1 is colored yellow and a-helix D and E of PAI-1 are colored green The 37-loop and 60-loop of uPA are shown in red and pink, respectively Also indicated ... chromatography and re-activated by denaturation with guanidinium chloride and refolding by dialysis, and uPA puried by immuno-afnity chromatography The complexes were puried from unreacted uPA and PAI-1...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 10:20

... study and from previous ones on the role of CCR1 and its ligand CCL3 in the pathogenesis of MS [39,40,42] and EAE [22,44,46], have provided evidence for an important role of CCR1 in MS and EAE ... demyelination [31] and axonal injury and loss [32] Our results demonstrate a prominent accumulation of monocytes and macrophages expressing CCR1, CCR2 or CCR5 mRNA within and around inflammatory ... score curve were chosen for histopathology and evaluation of CCR1, CCR2 and CCR5 mRNA expression in the spinal cord Vertical bars represent mean and standard error of the mean Preparation of radioactively...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... aminoacid, 1% sodium pyruvate and 1% antibiotic penicillin and streptomycin (all from Gibco, Scotland, UK) and were maintained under standard cell culture conditions at 37°C and 5% CO2 One hour before ... statistical analysis and revising manuscript draft CG conceived of the study, and participated in its design and coordination and helped to draft the manuscript All authors read and approved the ... a model of BBB; and 3) in vivo brain VCAM-1 expression and microglial reactivity in TMEV-infected mice Methods Animal and Theiler’s virus inoculation We used female Biozzi ABH and ABH mice lacking...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... case A Unknown parameters (µs, φs) and known total noise (R, C) Under the assumptions A1 and A2, assuming known parameters R, C and s and unknown parameters µs and φs, the GLRT-based receiver for ... b ∼ defined by (24) with K and bTv(nT) instead of K’ and bTv(nT)’, ^∼a†R∼−1^∼a

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 00:20

... C(Δ, η) for r = 50 m (and angular spread φ0 = 5.75 deg, φ1 = 0.34 deg, φ2 = 0.56 deg, and φ3 = 0.58 deg) and the rank-2 approximation SIRr2 (Δ, η) (23) are shown versus Δ12 and Δ23 , in Figure ... approaching zero and the ergodic capacity optimization problems (8), (9) for Problems and 2, respectively, are considered and compared for various propagation environments For Problem 1, user and interferers ... distributed) of users and interferers Exploiting the rank-a-based approximation (rank-1 and rank-2 approximations in (17) and (21), resp.), the interference power (for fixed user and interferers position...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... EBV-transformed B cells PP designed HBc particles and participated in data analysis JH conceived of and designed the study and reviewed the analyzed data All authors read and approved the final manuscript 10 ... 0.05% trypsin, and × 103 cells per well were seeded into 96-well plates After an overnight culture, cells were washed with DMEM-phenol red-free medium twice and loaded with DCFH-DA, and dichlorofluorescein ... were washed and re-suspended in serum-free DMEM, divided into 1.5-ml Eppendorf tubes, and centrifuged at 2,500 rpm for 10 minutes Ten micromolar 2-chloroadenosine (2CA) was added and samples...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:20