low energy nuclear reactions 2012

... www.medsci.org ©2004 Ivyspring International Publisher. All rights reserved Monte Carlo Commissioning of Low Energy Electron Radiotherapy Beams using NXEGS Software Research paper Received: 2004.3.02 ... 94305, USA A A b b s s t t r r a a c c t t This work is a report on the commissioning of low energy electron beams of a medical linear accelerator for Monte Carlo dose calculation using ... calculated and measured dose distributions along seven different dimensions as described below, essentially following the recommendations of Van Dyk et al [7]. Note that each quantity represents a...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2012, 10:05

... factor for low energy fractures, and Norway has a high incidence of fractures related to osteoporosis compared to the rest of the world [7-10]. Furthermore, most patients with a low- energy fracture ... expect an increasing number of low- energy fractures [11,12]. These facts highlight the need to focus on the complexity of issues related to the occurrence of low energy fractures in the elderly ... understood as satisfaction with life, in low- energy fractures in hip and wrist. To our best knowledge no stud- ies have been performed with this perspective in low- energy hip and wrist fracture patients. A...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... change of the lowest -energy structure is much slower than that on Cu(110) with the cluster size increasing. Corresponding to the type change of the lowest -energy structure, the low- energy structures ... [2-10]. However, such studies mainly focus on the lowest -energy structures. For the structures with energy close to the lowest one, which are named low- energy structures here, investigations and discussions ... we can predict the type change of the lowest -energy structure. Still take Cu(110) as an example (ξ = 5.26), from Equation 11, the change of the lowest -energy structure from one linear chain...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... situation. An energy audit serves to identify and quantify all forms of energy usage. The main aim of energy audit is to maintain a proper balance between energy required and the energy actually ... locomotive energy saving systems which are used in aeroefficient optimized trains, energy management control, energy storage systems. New technologies of traction motors of increased energy efficiency ... to efficient energy management. The other option is the use of energy derived from non-conventional energy sources i.e.; ensure a balance between conventional and non- conventional energy sources...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:20

... showing energy use and energy lost, process flow diagrams showing energy consumption at every stages of the operational process, etc. will go a long way in identifying the areas of high energy ...  energy cost & consumption data analysis;  energy forecasting at plant level;  sub-metering energy use;  tariff analysis and contract renewal;  energy budgeting and control;  energy ... the energy policy. Energy Management Systems 18 energy conservation activities, which are expensive and time-consuming. The emphasis shifted from quick fixes to energy projects.  Energy...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:20

... of energy needed to guarantee meeting a given electricity demand. By knowing energy consumption profiles and the opportunities to reduce demand through better energy management, energy Energy ... of future energy demand in terms of fuel quantity, cost and environmental impacts (pollutants) caused by the energy related activities. This step allows formulating an accurate energy budget ... efficiency function like (26),in electricity, thermal energy (both low and high temperature) and cooling energy, as shown in Figure 2. The energy model can be divided into two main submodels:...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:20

... Cost-Effective Energy Management in Industrial Plants 53 Demirbas, A, (2001). Energy balance, energy sources, energy policy, future developments and energy investments in Turkey, Energy Conversion ... Electrical energy kWh e 2 750 194 Thermal energy for hot water about 90°C kWh t 1 694 880 Thermal energy for steam kWh t 1 502 160 A) Electrical energy costs € 336 649 B) Hot water energy costs ... determine how energy efficient an organization is;  identify and survey the energy using equipment;  identify energy conservation options and prioritize their implementation into an energy management...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:20

... renewable energy sources such as primary energy sources and those from fossil fuels as energy sources subsidiary to keep available during peak hours. Such a system will be feasible when the energy ... In summary, one can conclude that effective energy management has notable environmental impact, but energy issues are seldom a top priority, even in energy intensive organizations. After an ... contemporary minimize the related cost function, related to the energy consume, allows compliance industrial farm strategy improvements. Energy optimization is also a problem with an high impact...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:20

... and the data flow of the energy data management. The energy database represents the heart of the energy information system. The energy data management provides information for the energy controlling ... improve its efficiency. Improving the efficiency of energy systems or developing cleaner and efficient energy systems will slow down the energy demand growth, make deep cut in fossil fuel use ... Management Systems 102 2. Energy data management 2.1 Energy data analysis Energy management describes the process of managing the generation and the consumption of energy, generally to minimize...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:20

... energy consumption in OECD countries and indirectly contribute to 12% of energy generation related carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions (International Energy Agency, 2003). The International Energy ... superposition of the following terms describing the energy demand as time dependent output y(t):  Long-term trend variation (T)  Cyclical variation (C)  Seasonal variation (S) Energy Demand ... Conclusion The analysis and the forecast of the energy demand represent an essential part of the energy management for sustainable systems. The energy consumption of the delivery district of...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:20

... means of energy efficiency schemes. Fig. 3. Residential and Commercial energy usage data 3.2 Energy sensing, measurement and control As earlier discussed, visibility or feedback into energy ... Troxler, J. O., & Cox, R. W. (2009). Creating low- cost energy- management systems for homes using non-intrusive energy monitoring devices. Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, 2009. ... that the greatest reductions in energy usage are made when users are provided with disaggregated energy use data for each appliance, rather than just aggregate energy use data. Therefore in order...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:20

... modules and solar thermal (ST) solar collectors the energy flows are the same (Petkovšek & Rakovec, 1983). The divergence of all these energy flows results in cooling (normally during the late ... Darussalam. Renewable Energy, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 223-234, ISSN 0960-1481 Orientation and Tilt Dependence of a Fixed PV Array Energy Yield Based on Measurements of Solar Energy and Ground Albedo ... type solar collector. Renewable Energy, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 327-332, ISSN 0960-1481. Garg, H.P.C. (1982). Treatise on solar energy: Volume 1: Fundamentals of solar energy. , John Wiley & Sons,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:20

... suggests the following limits: , 0.5 2.5, in nct nct Fw Fa nct NTC   (87) The flowrates of the streams leaving the splitters and the water flowrate to the cooling tower have the following limits: ... the energy saving can be pursued by integrating new technological components or apparatuses as energy storage systems (Chymera et al,2006), which allow contemporaneously to obtain high energy ... min nct  is a lower limit for the variables, nct  is any design variable of the cooling tower like inlet flowrate, mass air flowrate, Merkel number, and others. For example, when inlet flowrate...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:20

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:20

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:20

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:20

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:20

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20