local oxidation of silicon locos 48

... microscopy-based local oxidation of silicon carbide Nanoscale Research Letters 2011, 6:235 Masubuchi S, Ono M, Yoshida K, Hirakawa K, Machida T: Fabrication of graphene nanoribbon by local anodic oxidation ... increase in a local maximum electric field and thus improved local oxidation Figure shows the loading force-dependent local oxide height for GaAs with different doping types and Page of plane orientations ... http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/6/1/550 Page of Figure AFM local oxidation results Of (a) p-GaAs(100), (b) n-GaAs(100), (c) p-GaAs(711), and (d) n-GaAs(711) as a function of the applied bias voltages and...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... Research Letters 2011, 6: 148 http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/6/1/ 148 20 Page of SiPt SiAu 0 oxidation h, 640 oxidation h, 640 18 28 26 16 CSiO , pF oxidation h, 640 C oxidation h, 640 C 30 ... during the oxidation of the Si:Me layer After the oxidation is completed, the sample is still kept at elevated temperature facilitating the coalescence of Me NCs The effect of the oxidation temperature ... during thermal oxidation results in the formation of a high areal density of crystalline Au and PtSi dots 10-20 nm in diameter which are distributed in the silicon dioxide at a distance of 5-6 nm...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... Main result Main Theorem Let µ be the 5−fold convolution of the standard Cantor measure, then the lower extreme value of the local dimension of µ is α5 = | log 3.25 √ arccos 145 cos( log 427 √ 59 ... V.T.H Thanh et al / VNU Journal of Science, Mathematics - Physics 25 (2009) 57-68 65 From (13), (14) and (15), the assertion of the corollary follows 2.2 The proof of the main theorem Lemma Let ... Proposition 2, we have Theorem Let µ is the 5−fold convolution of the standard Cantor measure, then the lower extreme value of the local dimension of µ is √ √ arccos 427 59 145 log 3.25 145 cos( )+5 |...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 03:20

... representation of sn through points in supp µn−1 and sn = sn−1 + 30 or sn = sn−1 + 39 n n or both of them, where sn−1 , sn−1 , sn−1 in supp µn−1 Proof It is proved similarly as proof of Claim 2.1, ... useful formula for calculating the local dimension and it is proved similarly as the proof of Proposition 2.3 in [11] and using Lemma 2.7 Remarks on local dimension of fractal measure associated ... i j and i is odd}, Remarks on local dimension of fractal measure associated with ej = ki ; oj = i∈Ej 49 ki i∈Oj Then nj = oj + ej Similar proof as the proof of Claim 3.2 in [11], we get j...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 04:20

... the oxidation reaction Substrate consumption Table summarizes the results of our laccase oxidations of substrates 1–5, and the effect of the cosolvent and of the mediators on the amount of substrate ... in view of its phenolic nature With phenols and 3, however, the extent of substrate oxidation is much lower; the use of the cosolvent makes the consumption of quantitative, whereas that of remains ... the selective oxidation of the hydroxymethyl groups of the substrate to aldehydes Both with laccase alone and with the laccase/HPI system, a limited enhancement of the extent of oxidation was...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:21

... Figure of PS-1 (1% Pt/ SBA-15) sample displays typical peaks of Si and Pt and the result from the quantitative estimation of peak areas gives 0,98% weight content of platinum This means that most of ... in the oxidation reaction of glucose The conversion of the reaction reached 87.67% when using HNO3 as oxidizing agent, but the selectivity of D-gluconic product is quite low The high oxidation ... of Pt did not affect the hexagonal structure of SBA-15 support material [3] PS-3 PS-2 PS-1 Figure X-ray diffraction patterns of PS-1, PS-2 and PS-3 samples 186 T.T.N Mai et al / VNU Journal of...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 11:21

... detectable effect of H2O2 as an initiator of metformin oxidation in the absence of irradiation However, under irradiation, there was a noticeable effect of the concentration of H2O2 (0.05, 0.5 ... the quantification of the oxidation products The observed progressive inhibition of metformin oxidation, in the presence of added hydrogen peroxide, would come from the reaction of ÆOH radicals ... LÆmol)1Æs)1 at pH [23]) Action of ÆOH radicals In order to study the action of ÆOH radicals on the initiation of metformin oxidation in nonaerated medium, different solutions of metformin (4–500 lmolÆL)1)...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20

... and the elements of the bag of histograms associated with author Q; γ is the scale parameter of K Let P = {p1 , , pk } and Q = {q1 , , qk } be the elements of the bags of local histograms ... obtained by the combination of several local histograms calculated at different locations of the document, hence, it seems that the raw sum of local histograms results in a loss of useful information ... local histogram j Thus, sequential information of the document is considered throughout these local histograms Note that when σ is small, most of the sequential information is preserved, as local...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... is a mixture of these two Table Properties of the enzymatic steps/enzymes of the a -oxidation pathway The table gives an overview of the present knowledge of some of the properties of the enzymes ... stereochemistry of the a -oxidation pathway is presented in Fig The lack of stereospecificity of the a -oxidation pathway is in contrast with the stereospecificity of both the peroxisomal and mitochondrial b -oxidation ... configuration of the 3-methyl-branch does not influence the rate of a -oxidation, but determines the orientation of the 2-hydroxylation This explains the formation of only the (2S,3R) and (2R,3S) isomers of...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:20

... effectiveness of antioxidant vitamins C and E in the prevention of LDL oxidation has been well demonstrated [5] Phenolic compounds of red wine have been shown to inhibit oxidation of LDL both in ... capsaicin significantly inhibited the oxidation of LDL, as indicated by TBARS values which were 71 and 62% of control rats Extent of iron-induced oxidation of LDL was considerably lower in curcumin ... formation at and 12 h of LDL oxidation, respectively, was seen in this case The extent of copper-induced oxidation of LDL in vitro was also significantly less in the case of LDL FEBS Journal 273...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... proof of the Main Theorem will be given in Section The next section we establish some auxiliary results used in the proof of the Main Theorem Auxiliary Results Let X1 , X2 , be a sequence of ... lim = r j→∞ nj j→∞ nj j→∞ nj lim Proof The proof of the first limit is trivial The second limit follows from the first one To prove the third limit, without loss of generality we may assume that j ... - 552 T Hu, The local dimensions of the Bernoulli convolution associated with the golden number, Trans Amer Math Soc 349(1997), 2917 - 2940 T Hu and N Nguyen, Local dimensions of fractal probability...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 13:20

... spectroscopic properties of the product of NADP+ oxidation Fig Hypothetical mechanism of the reductive half-reaction of the catalytic cycle of FprA in the oxidation of NADP+ to yield NADPO The ... evidence of the ability of FprA to catalyze the production of NADPO In the present article, we provide the first quantitative description of this reaction, along with a detailed analysis of the ... the formation of the species modified in position of the nicotinamide ring because of the poor reactivity of this position towards nucleophilic attack Indeed, the positive charge of the pyridinium...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 11:20

... characteristic of cubic silicon with a small impurity of silica Reaction of silicon powder with activated carbon in the absence of H2 , by procedure (ii), yielded abundant quantities of SiNWs The ... planes of silicon The crystallinity of the nanowires is considerably higher when only argon was used instead of a mixture of argon and hydrogen The role of hydrogen in promoting the amorphization of ... amorphous sheath is of silica, formed by surface oxidation The selected area electron diffraction, given in the inset of Fig 3b, indicates the core to be of cubic silicon The XRD pattern of the product,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:04

... value of SiO2 is 3.5 nm wider than that of Si Consequently, the SiNW of around 22 nm in diameter in Fig was estimated to consist of the core silicon crystal of 19 nm covered with silicon oxide of ... Fig is a schematic drawing of the electrical measurement of the SiNW covered with the silicon oxide layer The total resistance, R, is the sum of those of SiNW and silicon oxide as R ¼ R1 þ Â ... 0.491 nm of the lattice parameter for the (1 0) plane of quartz [21], q = 3.2 Â 10À19 C for the oxygen ion, and the average thickness of oxide of 12.5 nm as a result of the observation of the fractured...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:05

... Length of Si nanowires using Au and Pt versus time at holding temperature of 1000 °C Fig Construction of log-scaled growth rate and reciprocals of growth Temperature for the determination of activation ... (c) HRTEM image of Si nanowire using Au (d) HRTEM image of Si nanowire using Pt Both were single crystal (e) EDS line mapping of Si nanowires using Au catalyst (f) EDS line mapping of Si nanowires ... is dependent on the type of catalyst This could be explained by the effect of the catalyst on the barrier energy to the nucleation of a new step at the growth front of the nanowires (i.e., the...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:05

... shows the Raman scattering spectra of the SiNWs and crystal silicon A very sharp and Fig A typical SEM image of the morphology of aligned silicon nanowires of uniform diameter distribution on ... the SiNW consisted of a crystalline Si structure Additionally, there is a thin amorphous silicon oxide layer (about nm) sheathing the crystalline core of the SiNW The sheath of SiO2 is determined ... electron microscopic image of the morphology of the SiNWs It was observed that the product exemplified high purity with a uniform diameter 20 nm and consisted of most of the SiNWs aligning on the...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:06

... exceeded the growth rate of crystal silicon, outer layer of silicon oxide will surround the crystal silicon As a result, the growth of crystal silicon ceased and silicon oxide of outer layer coalesced ... peculiar feature of the branch suggests that there may exist a competitive growth between crystal silicon core and outer layer of silicon oxide When the forming rate of outer layer of silicon oxide ... mechanism of the silicon nanoparticle chains They proposed that nucleation and growth occurring alternatively resulted in the formation of chains of silicon nanoparticles The formation of the kinks of...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:09

... spectra of the silicon nanowires produced at four different temperatures Raman spectra of silicon wafer and of the fresh Au/TiO2 catalyst are also included for comparison Lower panel: Raman spectra of ... degree of oxidation than the other samples The high Si/Siþ4 ratio on the sample obtained at this temperature reveals that the SiNWs are composed mostly of silicon with a small contribution from silicon ... composition and the oxidation state of the silicon product The binding energies were corrected by reference to the C(1s) line at 284.5 eV The fitting of the XPS spectra and the quantification of the surface...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:09

... absorption of vaporphase silicon atoms The continuous absorption induces the supersat- uration of the formed liquid alloy with silicon atoms, which leads to nucleation and growth of a SiNW [19] ... a high yield of the sample If a very low pressure was used, plenty of Si atoms will be flowed away and have no time to contact Fig A) Binary phase diagram of Au and Si B) A mode of VLS mechanism ... results in formation of only a few of SiNWs The reaction temperature is usually decided with the consideration of the catalyst type According to the binary phase diagram of a metal and Si, the...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:09