line following robotic vehicle using microcontroller

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... center axis of the vehicle, (x 0 , y 0 ) and (x 1 , y 1 ), the slope of LINE 1 in Fig. 5.2 can be found as y 1 −y 0 x 1 −x 0 . Since LINE 1 and LINE 2 are perpendicular, the slope of LINE 2 is −(x 1 −x 0 ) y 1 −y 0 . ... kinematic model for the rear wheel drive, front wheel steered robotic car is derived. Using this model, a controller is given to perform path following. 3.1 Mathematical Modeling The model used throughout ... the using the φ estimator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 5.12 The heading angle, θ p and steering angle, φ, resulting from using the φ estimator. 50 5.13 The car’s states resulting from the using...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 14:20

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 00:20

Ngày tải lên: 04/10/2013, 19:10

... Spectrom. 2008; 22: 2993–2998 DOI: 10.1002/rcm 2994 L. Zhu et al. Real-time, on -line monitoring of organic chemical reactions using extractive electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry Liang Zhu 1 , ... analysis via EESI-MS permits on -line validation of proposed reaction intermediates. The simplicity and rapid response of EESI-MS make it a valuable technique for on -line characterization and full ... demands techniques that are suited for real-time, on -line monitoring of the chemical reaction processes. Among many other benefits, real-time, on -line characterization allows identification of theoretically...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 08:20

... S 2 8.368 kN= c() S 3 893g= Problem 1-6 Represent each of the following to three significant figures and express each answer in SI units using an appropriate prefix: (a) x, (b) y, and (c) z. Units ... publisher. Engineering Mechanics - Statics Chapter 1 Problem 1-1 Represent each of the following combinations of units in the correct SI form using an appropriate prefix: (a) m/ms (b) μ km (c) ks/mg (d) km ... lb= Problem 2-12 The component of force F acting along line aa is required to be F a . Determine the magnitude of F and its component along line bb. 20 © 2007 R. C. Hibbeler. Published by Pearson...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 14:20

... The log-linear and linear weights were obtained with the simplex algorithm (Nelder and Mead, 1965) to optimise the development set. Then, those weights were used for the test set. Two baseline models ... performed using the key- board and the mouse. In this work, we present an alternative modality to interact within IMT systems by writing on a tactile display or us- ing an electronic pen. An on -line ... 7.1 8.6 6.1 7.9 IBM1-inv 8.4 9.5 7.5 9.2 IBM2-inv 7.9 9.1 7.1 9.1 4gr+IBM2 (L-Linear) 7.0 9.1 6.0 7.9 4gr+IBM2 (Linear) 6.7 8.9 5.5 7.2 Table 2: Summary of the CER results for various lan- guage...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... visualization of GPR data using transparency. The images are generated using the package BOB from University of Minnesota. Depth Depth Figure 25: Two views of a buried object using transparency based ... the robotic subsurface mapper must be able to satisfy the following requirements: 1. Scan the soil surface and build a terrain elevation map to guide sen- sor placement. 2. Scan the subsurface using ... the sampling resolution. There is one advantage of using a 2-D array of antenna even when scanning motion is required. Similar to the linear array of antennas, the vehicle still supplies one axis of the scanning...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 11:20

... Specifies the end-of -line character. You “eol=;” can use only one character. Anything after the end-of -line character is considered a string. skip=N Specifies the number of lines that “skip=5” should ... total number sold.The first line of this file reads as follows: Calculators CA5600125 75 15 45 You can parse the file using the For command as follows: 46 Chapter 2 • Using Batch Files 405_Script_02.qxd ... of commands using paren- theses. When you use commands with special symbols, the process is known as a chaining of commands.The following sections explain how to use these symbols. Using &...

Ngày tải lên: 25/03/2014, 11:24

... but with the entire farming outfit. Let us say that a Negro CHAPTER IV 51 CHAPTER II FOLLOWING THE COLOUR LINE IN THE SOUTH Before entering upon a discussion of the more serious aspects of the ... the extraordinary progress of the city. And here I found one of the first evidences of the colour line for which I was looking. In both buildings, I found a separate elevator for coloured people. ... from his native state of South Carolina. Nothing surely could throw a more vivid light on colour line confusions in the South than this story. Another extraordinary case is that of Mrs. Elsie Massey,...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 13:20

... = x line, and increasing error between target and output values disperses the data points from the y = x line. In Figure 8, ±10% and ±20% error lines are also plotted with green and red lines ... (10 and 5) Output layer: 1 (number of axles) Transfer function Pure linear – pure linear – pure linear 3. GVW Calculation Using ANN 3.1. Training of ANN Independent data was acquired from ... of passing vehicles, individual ANNs for 3-, 4-, and 5-axle trucks were constructed and trained using random vehicles’ data. When training was completed, the validation test followed using the...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 10:02

... on a microcontroller enable communication using the RS232 protocol. For example, the microcontroller can be connected to a PC via its serial port and then data can be exchanged between the microcontroller ... architecture of the PIC18F2410 microcontroller. (Reproduced with permission from Microchip Inc) 20 Using LEDs, LCDs and GLCDs in Microcontroller Projects www.it-ebooks.info 2.2.4.3 Using External Resistor-Capacitor ... clock is generated either using external devices (e.g. crystal, resistor-capacitor etc.), or some microcontrollers have built-in clock generation circuits. The PIC18F microcontroller family can...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 09:01

... limb motor severity following a Figure 7 The circle exercise data for the experimental robotic therapy group (8 subjects) Figure 8 The square exercise data for the experimental robotic therapy group ... one of two groups using a random number table. A research technican from the University of Guelph collected the biomechanical and progress data from the robotic system at baseline and at dis- charge. ... opportunities. Physical rehabilitation is an area where robotics could contribute significantly to improved motor return for individualsfollowingastroke[13-15].Aroboticsystem with controllable movement velocity...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... Access Research Using visual feedback distortion to alter coordinated pinching patterns for robotic rehabilitation Yoky Matsuoka* 1,2 , Bambi R Brewer 1 and Roberta L Klatzky 3 Address: 1 The Robotics ... Performance of a single subject on trial 21. The solid line represents the normalized position of the target line as a function of time, and the dashed line represents the normal- ized position of the ... target line crossing both bars moved up and down to indicate the desired finger movement trajectory. The line started at the bottom of the bars, and as soon as the sub- ject crossed the line with...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... by neighboring vehicle tra- jectories (vehicles tend to occupy free space), and thus an interaction model based on Markov random fields (MRF) [31] is introduced to manage inter- vehicle relations. ... adapts the characteristics of the vehicles. Indeed, the rear of the vehicles presents an inherently rectangular structure: not only is the outer contour of the vehicle rear quasi-rectangular, but ... hypothesized region for vehicle verification, R h , may not perfectly fit the actual bounding box of the vehicle in terms of size and alignment. Specifically, it is often the case that the vehicle is not...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... in Section 4. 3. Curvature Estimation by Line Integrals In this section, we introduce the approach for estimating curvature along a planar curve by using line integra ls. First, we briefly review ... algorithm, (e) curvature estimate obtained by line integrals, and (f) curvature estimate obtained by line integrals with adaptive radius. Notice that a dashed blue line denotes the true curvature. 5. Experiments ... algorithm, (e) curvature estimate obtained by line integrals, and (f) curvature estimate obtained by line integrals with adaptive radius. Notice that a dashed blue line denotes the true curvature. the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20