learning and parsing algorithms

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 06:20

... one metric most parsing algorithms attempt to maximize, namely the Labelled Tree Rate. That is, most parsing algorithms assume that the test corpus was generated by the model, and then attempt ... between 1 and n the triple (s,s, ws) E T. • The tree is binary branching and consistent. Formally, for every (s,t, X) in T, s ¢ t, there is exactly one r, Y, and Z such that s < r < t and ... of the Labelled Tree Algorithm and stochastic versions of Earley's Algorithm (Stolcke, 1993), and variations such as those used in Picky parsing (Magerman and Weir, 1992). Even in prob-...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 22:20

... are very promising and further show the robustness of discriminative on- line learning with approximate parsing algorithms. 6 Discussion We described approximate dependency parsing al- gorithms ... investigate the benefits for parsing of more principled approaches to ap- proximate learning and inference techniques such as the learning as search optimization framework of (Daum´e and Marcu, 2005). This ... built from the parent and child words, their POS tags, and the POS tags of surrounding words and those of words between the child and the parent, as well as the direction and distance from the...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... careers and progress in them, including hairdressing and beauty, telecommunications, motor vehicle engineering, international tourism, construction, catering and hospitality, IT, and electrical and ... Remarks and Suggestions 3.1 Advantages and disadvantages 28 3.1.1 Advantage 28 3.1.2 Disadvantage 30 3.1.2.1 School fee 31 3.1.2.2 Timescale 31 3.2 Remarks and Suggestions 32 2 Chapter 2 Learning and ... strength of mind and increases knowledge. The education sustains the human values which contribute individual and collective well-being. It forms the basis for lifelong learning and inspire confidence...

Ngày tải lên: 27/10/2012, 16:45

... Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6.087: Practical Programming in C IAP 2010 Problem Set 4 Pointers. Arrays. Strings. Searching and sorting algorithms. Out: Friday, January ... array and resumes iterating until the end is reached. The code from lecture is provided below: /∗ i t e r a t e u n t i l out−o f −o r d er el e ment found ; s h i f t t h e element , and c ... functionality of the C standard library’s strtok() function, which extracts “tokens” from a string. The string is split using a set of delimiters, such as whitespace and punctuation. Each piece...

Ngày tải lên: 25/04/2013, 08:07

... functionality of the C standard library’s strtok() function, which extracts “tokens” from a string. The string is split using a set of delimiters, such as whitespace and punctuation. Each piece ... l e n / 2 ; gap > 0 ; gap /= 2) { /∗ do i n s e r t i o n −l i k e s o r t , but comparing and s h i f t i n g el e m e n t s i n m u l t i p l e s o f gap ∗/ for ( /∗ i n s e r t code ... then c l o s e r e l e m e nt s ∗/ for ( gap = l e n / 2 ; gap > 0 ; gap /= 2) /∗ comparing and s h i f t i n g ele m e n t s { i n m u l t i p l e s o f gap ∗/ for ( i = gap ; i < l...

Ngày tải lên: 25/04/2013, 08:07

... of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6.087: Practical Programming in C IAP 2010 Problem Set 5 – Solutions Pointers. Arrays. Strings. Searching and sorting algorithms. Out: January ... freed. (f) Write test code to illustrate the working of each of the above functions. All the code and sample outputs should be submitted. 1 MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.edu 6.087 Practical ... traversal). (f) Write test code to illustrate the working of each of the above functions. All the code and sample outputs should be submitted. 6 /∗ @funct i o n del n od e @desc d e l e t e s a node...

Ngày tải lên: 25/04/2013, 08:07

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 06:20

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 10:08

... sorting and searching. Descriptions are brief and intuitive, with just enough theory thrown in to make you nervous. I assume you know C, and that you are familiar with concepts such as arrays and ... using a random number generator, and the node allocated. The forward links are then established using information from the update array. Function deleteNode deletes and frees a node, and is implemented ... file and contains the key and record address of data. To implement a dictionary we could use red-black trees, replacing pointers with offsets from the beginning of the index file, and use random...

Ngày tải lên: 24/01/2014, 00:20

... teaching and learning teaching and learning 1.5. Advantages of the use games in 1.5. Advantages of the use games in vocabulary teaching and learning vocabulary teaching and learning  Games ... interesting and useful Very interesting and useful b. b. Rather interesting and useful Rather interesting and useful c. c. Interesting and useful Interesting and useful d. d. Uninteresting and useless Uninteresting ... in language teaching and learning 1.2. Vocabulary in language teaching and learning 1.3. Approaches to language teaching and their 1.3. Approaches to language teaching and their relevance...

Ngày tải lên: 29/01/2014, 14:36

... Applications of Explanation-Based Learning to Parsing Lexicalized Tree-Adjoining Grammars" B. Srinivas and Aravind K. Joshi Department of Computer and Information Science University ... 0.20 sec/NP Table 2: Coverage and Retrieval times for various corpora Experiment l(b) and 1(c): Similar experiments were conducted using the IBM-manual corpus and a set of noun definitions ... mechanism that assigns the additional modi- fiers and their arguments the following: 1. The elementary trees that they anchor and 2. The substitution and adjunction links to the trees they substitute...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 22:20

... alignment and consistency (Picker- ing and Garrod, 2004; Halliday and Hasan, 1976) on the one hand, and variation (to improve text quality and readability) on the other hand (Belz and Reiter, 2006; ... consis- tency (Halliday and Hasan, 1976), and variation, which influence people’s assessment of discourse (Levelt and Kelter, 1982) and generated output (Belz and Reiter, 2006; Foster and Oberlander, 2006). Also, ... Sutton and Andrew G Barto. 1998. Reinforce- ment Learning: An Introduction. MIT Press, Cam- bridge, MA, USA. Menno van Zaanen. 2000. Bootstrapping syntax and recursion using alginment-based learning. ...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... Linguistics, 24(4):613–632. John Lafferty, Andrew McCallum, and Fernando Pereira. 2001. Conditional Random Fields: Prob- abilistic models for segmenting and labeling se- quence data. In Machine Learning: Proceedings of ... Lari and S.J. Young. 1990. The estimation of Stochastic Context-Free Grammars using the Inside-Outside algorithm. Computer Speech and Language, 4(35-56). Andrew McCallum, Dayne Freitag, and Fernando Pereira. ... Vincent Della Pietra, and John Lafferty. 1997. Inducing features of random fields. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Ma- chine Intelligence, 19(4):380–393. John E. Hopcroft and Jeffrey D. Ullman....

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:20

... for help in generating the phone alignments and duration normalizations, and Bob Moore for helpful comments on a draft. We thank Andrea Levitt and Leah Larkey for their help, many years ago, ... Oohira and A. Ichikawa (1989) "ProsodicM Sentence Structure Inference for Natural Conversational Speech Understanding," ICOT Technical Memorandum: TM-0733. [7] R. Moore, F. Pereira and ... (1989) "Prosody and Parsing, " Proceedings of the DARPA Workshop on Speech and Natural Language, Cape Cod, October, 1989. [9] M. Steedman (1989) "Intonation and Syntax in Spoken...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 18:20

... structure grammar and parsing in general, and DPSG in particular. REFERENCES Bunt, H.C. (1985) Mass terms and model-theoretic semantics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England. Bunt, ... the same qollection if and only if x's leftmost daughter is left of y's leftmost daughter, and there is no node z which is shared by x and y. If the nodes x and y in this definition ... IN TREES, RULES, AND PARSING Harry Bunt, Jan Thesingh and Ko van der Sloot Computational Linguistics Unit Tilburg University, SLE Postbus 90153 5000 LE TILBURG, The Netherlands ABSTRACT This...

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 22:20

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 19:20

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20