layering processes for fault tolerance

... Existing Approaches to Software Fault Tolerance Current strategies for reducing the impact of software errors on systems fall into two classes: fault prevention and fault tolerance System designers ... personnel after the fault occurs at a different site Often it contains more information about the effects of the fault than about the fault itself IBM saves an APAR for each distinct fault that occurs ... failure symptoms for the maintenance programmer may not be interesting for fault tolerance research For example, the unusual error message that the system printed to the screen before it went into...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 13:32

... architecture WOBAN The importance of fault- tolerance and especially optical fault- tolerance in WOBAN are discussed in detail Backup Radio placement for Optical Fault- tolerance (BROF) problem is defined ... drawbacks, fault- tolerance provisioning methods in WMNs can be used for the frontend network of WOBAN which hold very similar characteristics 2.3 Literature review on fault- tolerance in WOBANs Fault- tolerance ... stable operation, i.e., its fault- tolerance requirements are satisfied For providing fault- tolerance capability in WOBAN, two general approaches using different ideas for solving the same problem...

Ngày tải lên: 01/10/2015, 11:39

... fsm output for information regarding the route to 192.168.72.0, as shown in this example: 0:25:25: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down 00:25:25: DUAL: Find FS for dest 192.168.72.0/24 ... the output of the show ip eigrp topology all-links command, what is the feasible distance (FD) for the route 192.168.72.0? Both paths to 192.168.72.0 are listed in the topology table with their ... eigrp topology all-links command: SanJose2#show ip eigrp topology all-links IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(100)/ID(192.168.64.5) Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply, r...

Ngày tải lên: 11/12/2013, 15:15

... modeling constructs necessary for the modeling activities just described 3.3 Modeling Constructs for Business Processes In the modeling of business processes, the individual processes and their rules ... hierarchical level for the phased modeling of business processes and relevant information It defines the key processes that are considered in the framework of the modeling project The business processes ... platform for tool support and the scientific maturity with their approved mathematical foundations for wide practical use 1.2 Modeling Languages and Methods In a globalized world, business processes...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 14:20

... what processes they are already performing, what processes and process activities are being performed by whom (including third parties), what gaps exist in their processes, what part of the processes ... level of processes for all main incident management functions They also include various levels of subprocesses for some of these main functions.10 The first or top-level workflow diagram for the ... a secure infrastructure must be in place, along with processes and mechanisms for disseminating information and guidelines and processes for reporting incidents Because of the need to have preparations...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 23:21

... system Unfortunately for the control engineer working in the process industries, the assumption that mathematical models exist for his plants is seriously flawed in practice Coming to a plant for ... background required for process simulation and derives the conservation equations for mass and energy applied to lumped systems, including the equation for the conservation of energy for a rotating ... is an ldimensional vector of forcing variables, f is a Simulation of Industrial Processes for Control Engineers vector function that depends on the states, x, on the forcing variables, u, and (sometimes)...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 11:14

... does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale Specific permission must be obtained in writing from CRC Press for such copying Direct all ... availability of energy in a system for conversion to useful work In order for a system to perform work, it must have the capacity for spontaneous change toward equilibrium For instance, a system comprising ... the transformation of energy from one form to another, such as the transformation of internal energy to useful work In this regard, thermodynamics is more general than mechanics in its formulation...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 16:33

... to Machine Learning, Ethem Alpaydin Gaussian Processes for Machine Learning, Carl Edward Rasmussen and Christopher K I Williams Gaussian Processes for Machine Learning Carl Edward Rasmussen Christopher ... methods for challenging learning problems Gaussian Processes for Machine Learning presents one of the most important Bayesian machine learning approaches based on a particularly effective method for ... Sheffield for hosting our visits and kindly providing space for us to work, and the Department of Computer Science at the University of Toronto for computer support Thanks to John and Fiona for their...

Ngày tải lên: 11/06/2014, 12:58

... absence of feedback, sufficient for subjects to negotiate an efficient grip force We hypothesised that this may be due to feedforward information and sought evidence for this hypothesis through our ... shown quantitatively that feedforward and feedback processes are co-dependent This is the first demonstration of the existence of feedforward and feedback processes for an artificial limb, a phenomenon ... firmware of the hand to enable differential force control Differential Force Control We used a ‘gated ramp controller, for two-channel differential position and force control (e.g see [24]) Subjects...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... paper we use both settings for tuning digital communication receivers with short training sequences We compare Gaussian processes for regression (GPR) and Gaussian processes for classification (GPC) ... the snr for all equalizers and n = 512 For snr less than 22 dB, the nonlinear GPR equalizer achieves the minimum BER with a gain larger than dB for BER around 10−3 For larger snr, the performance ... equalizers perform significantly better The nonlinear SVM equalizer performs as the GPR equalizer for snr lower than 17 dB, but for larger snr the training sequence is not 10 In any case, for the snr...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... So p ∈ Cn for every n ≥ 0, therefore F ⊂ Cn for every n ≥ Next, we show that F ⊂ Cn ∩ Qn for all n ≥ It suffices to show that F ⊂ Qn , for all n ≥ We prove this by mathematical induction For n = ... So p ∈ Cn for every n ≥ 0, therefore F ⊂ Cn for every n ≥ Next, we show that F ⊂ Cn ∩ Qn for all n ≥ It suffices to show that F ⊂ Qn , for all n ≥ We prove this by mathematical induction For n = ... defined and F ⊂ Cn ∩ Qn for every n ∈ N ∪ {0} Observe that Cn is convex by Lemma 1.1 Next, we show that F ⊂ Cn for all n Indeed, we Fixed Point Theory and Applications have, for all p ∈ F, yn − p...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... the GTs for upright images in order to generate those for skewed images We consider that the rotation transformation applied to the upright image is sufficient to produce the skewed image for any ... blocks in an IGT is smaller than that in an SGT for a certain skew angle and block size (red lines in Figure are thicker for SGTs than for IGTs) As for difference maps, three to four cases clearly ... regions In the case of color images, for example, the background may not be white or it may not have a single color for all regions and it may not be uniform Figure 1: Direct approach to SGT...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 22:20

... modeling constructs necessary for the modeling activities just described 3.3 Modeling Constructs for Business Processes In the modeling of business processes, the individual processes and their rules ... hierarchical level for the phased modeling of business processes and relevant information It defines the key processes that are considered in the framework of the modeling project The business processes ... platform for tool support and the scientific maturity with their approved mathematical foundations for wide practical use 1.2 Modeling Languages and Methods In a globalized world, business processes...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 17:20

... out of the requirements Fault removal is imperfect, so fault forecasting and fault tolerance are needed 1.3.3 Fault/ Failure Forecasting Fault forecasting, or failure forecasting, includes dependability ... impediments to software dependability Fault/ failure forecasting can indicate the need for fault tolerance 1.3.4 Fault Tolerance One way to reduce the risks of software design faults and thus enhance software ... Types of Redundancy for Software Fault Tolerance A key supporting concept for fault tolerance is redundancy, that is, additional resources that would not be required if fault tolerance were not...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... diversity for fault tolerance Team-Fly® Structuring Redundancy for Software Fault Tolerance % purposes—data and temporal diversity To assist in developing and evaluating software fault tolerance ... combination of techniques from four risk mitigation areas: fault avoidance, fault removal, fault forecasting, and fault tolerance Unfortunately, there is no single combination of these techniques ... Redundancy for Software Fault Tolerance "# • They provide well-defined interfaces for the definition and imple- mentation of fault tolerance schemes • They consist, in general, of three parts of a fault- tolerant...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... Executives and Components for Fault Tolerance, ” IEEE Aerospace Conference, Big Sky, MT, 2001 [62] Grnarov, A., J Arlat, and A Avizienis, “On the Performance of Software FaultTolerance Strategies,” ... Issues Table 3.1 Software Fault Tolerance Overhead for Tolerating One Fault (From: [28], © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd Reproduced with permission.) 71 72 Software Fault Tolerance Techniques and ... developing fault- tolerant software These issues are primarily related to design diverse software fault tolerance techniques, but are also useful to consider for other types of software fault tolerance...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... architectures for recovery blocks tolerating one fault and that for tolerating two consecutive faults 4.1.3.3 Performance There have been numerous investigations into the performance of software fault tolerance ... discarded); • System partitioning: • • Fault tolerance structuring: fault- containment regions, errorcontainment regions; Fault tolerance application layers; • Fault tolerance strategies: • • Redundancy, ... 92] summarizes the key fault tolerance activities and issues for this phase • Description of system behavior in presence of faults: Fault assumptions (faults considered, faults discarded); • System...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... architectures for NVP tolerating one fault and that for tolerating two consecutive faults 4.2.3.2 Performance There have been numerous investigations into the performance of software fault tolerance ... architectures for recovery blocks tolerating one fault and those for tolerating two consecutive faults 4.3.3.2 Performance There have been numerous investigations into the performance of software fault tolerance ... architectures for NSCP tolerating one fault and that for tolerating two consecutive faults 4.4.3.2 Performance There have been numerous investigations into the performance of software fault tolerance...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... be used to provide fault tolerance for this system? Figure 4.13 illustrates an AV implementation of fault tolerance for this example Note the additional components needed for AV implementation: ... of Variants for Tolerance of Sequential Faults No B+1 No B+1 Software Fault Tolerance Techniques and Implementation Method Judgement on Result Acceptability Table 4.14 Software Fault Tolerance ... that for RcB 178 Software Fault Tolerance Techniques and Implementation • Performability: RcB has a performability advantage over NVP This is due, in part, to distinctions in strict performance...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... into code (true for software fault tolerance techniques in general) + TE Does not provide explicit protection against errors in − specifying requirements (true for software fault tolerance techniques ... appropriate for each candidate datum [3] There is no general rule for the derivation of DRAs for all applications; however, this can be done for some special cases [10] and they exist for a fairly ... Software Fault Tolerance Techniques and Implementation The NCP technique uses a decision mechanism (DM) (see Section 7.1) and forward recovery (see Section 1.4.2) to accomplish fault tolerance...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23