ladner apos s theorem existence of np intermediate problems

... there are some things that teachers should follow in order to promote success of multilevel classes not only in speaking lessons but also in other ones The suggested solutions are: (1) assessing learners’ ... in silence while others the talking They can build a stock of minimal responses that they can use in different situations Possessing a stock of minimal responses 33 enables students to focus on ... role-plays, before using discussions, teachers should prepare carefully, otherwise they will have counter-effects The tips which help apply discussions successfully are almost the same as those of...

Ngày tải lên: 06/02/2014, 14:40

... subset of a Hilbert space H Then, a family S (S) = {T (s) : s ∈ S} is said to be a continuous nonexpansive semigroup on C if S (S) satisfies the following: + (i) T (s) : C ® C is a nonexpansive ... ∞ ∞ gλ (s) 0 for all y Î C Thus, Tμλ x = ∞ gλ (s) T (s) xds ∞ gλ (s) T (s) xds − T (s) x ds ≤ gλ (s) y − T (s) x ds ∞ gλ (s) T (s) xds By Theorem 3.9, we have converges weakly to some z ∈ F (S ) as l ® ∞ □ ... s Î S, (ii) the mapping s ® Tsx is bounded for all x Î C, and (iii) Tts = TtTs, for all s, t Î S We denote by F (S ) the set of all common fixed points of mappings in S (S) , i.e., F (S ) := s s...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 01:20

... expressed sin ρ(t s) +sin ρ(T−t +s) , 2ρ(1−cos ρT) sin ρ (s t)+sin ρ(T s+ t) , 2ρ(1−cos ρT) G(t, s) = ≤ s ≤ t ≤ T, ≤ t ≤ s ≤ T By direct computation, we get ρT sin sin ρT ≤ G(t, s) ≤ = max G(t, s) , ... Multiplicity of positive periodic solutions to supperlinear repulsive singular equations J Differ Equ 210, 282–320 (2005) Torres, PJ: Existence of one-signed periodic solutions of some second-order ... and e(t) is a continuous function on [0, T] It is well known that the solutions of (3) can be expressed in the following forms T u(t) = G(t, s) e (s) ds, where G(t, s) is Green s function associated...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 01:20

... = z Proof It is enough to show that the point z, obtained in the Theorem 5, satisfies the statement of the theorem Following the same notation in the proof of Theorem 5, it is needed to show that ... Also, using the same method as in the proof of Theorem 5, it can be shown that {xn} is a Cauchy sequence and converges to some z Î X and (z) = L We shall show that f(z) = z for all f ∈ F Assume ... E, Tas K: Existence and uniqueness of a common fixed point on partial metric spaces Appl Math Lett 2011, 24(11):1900-1904 Caristi J: Fixed point theorems for mapping satisfying inwardness conditions...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

... all m To see that u is the greatest lower bound of {cn }, assume that some v ∈ E satisfies cm ≥ v for all m From cm − v → u − v and the closeness of P we get u − v ∈ P or v ≤ u which shows that ... Definition 1.8 see 12 P is called minihedral cone if sup{x, y} exists for all x, y ∈ E, and strongly minihedral if every subset of E which is bounded from above has a supremum It is easy to see that ... /n Similar to the proof of Theorem 2.4, ii implies that α: lim α xn n→∞ lim ϕ xn 2.18 n→∞ Also, by using the same method in the proof of Theorem 2.4, it can be shown that {xn } is a Cauchy sequence...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... [17] In this case, Theorem 3.3 gives a sharper conclusion in the sense of assuring that the solution belongs to a nonconvex domain We first prove a restrictive case of the theorem, which is vital ... A, in Theorem 3.4, is closed if it maps closed sets onto closed sets, and the property holds locally if, for each x ∈ D, there exists a closed ball B such that A restricted to B is closed Corollary ... using the same symbol, although the space of definition will change, passing through Hilbert spaces to end with reflexive Banach spaces Since, indeed, most of the results will be given for this...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 00:20

... spaces in some of Urai s results can be replaced by convex spaces with finite covers consisting of open (closed) neighborhoods of points of those spaces Urai s main tools are the partition of unity ... this case, the map z → Cz is said to be transfer closed-valued by some authors Final Remarks (1) In most of our results, we showed that compact convex subsets of Hausdorff topological vector spaces ... obtained an extension of the KKM theorem, which can be shown to be a simple consequence of Theorem 2.1 Theorem 5.2 Let (X,D) be a convex space and {Cz }z∈D a family of subsets of X Suppose that coN...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 00:20

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:46

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 10:20

... out that this result provides an alternate short proof of Aggarwal s theorem, as we shall discuss in Subsection 2.1 The proof of Theorem 1.5 is similar in spirit to that in [6] We consider a graph ... number of holes For the case of more holes, let us first consider the dual graph of the quadrilateralization of the polygon from Fig It consists of four cycles connected by single edges, as illustrated ... way that the edges of those quadrilaterals are either edges or internal diagonals of P joining pairs of vertices — see Fig 1(c); the existence of a quadrilateralization was established by Kahn et...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 13:21

... was proved seventy years ago [1] The proof of the “only if” part in Theorem( 2.3) is not difficult and short G .S Shephard first considers the case of positive coefficients, which is already sufficient ... Minkowski sum Definition 2.1: Let K1 , K2 ⊂ Rn be two subsets of the Euclidean space Rn Their Minkowski sum is defined as K1 + K2 = {X + Y : X ∈ K1 , Y ∈ K2 } The Minkowski sum is obviously commutative, ... (relatively simple) fact that the convolution of logconcave sequences is also logconcave was proved in [3] in 1949 We present in this paper a short proof of Theorem( 1.1) The Minkowski sum and the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:21

... for the cosets of G0 in G A starter S for an FGDRP(k, g u) defined on G with groups Gi (0 ≤ i ≤ u − 1) consists of t sets of k-tuples (base blocks), S1 , S2 , · · · , St , which satisfies the following ... The Spectrum of FGDRP(3, g u ) s In this section, we establish our main result For this purpose, we describe some recursive methods These constructions are the variations of standard techniques ... intransitive starter S for an FGDRP(k, g u ) defined on X i=u−w with groups Gi (0 ≤ i ≤ u − 1) is defined as a triple (S, R, C) which is of the following structure • S consists of t sets of k-tuples (base...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:21

... ) of nonnegative integers, where Tj is the length of jth run of 0 s That is to say, T0 is the number of 0 s before the first 1, T1 is the number of 0 s between the first and second 1 s, T2 is the ... probability measure µ De Finetti s theorem follows since vn,k = pk (1 − p)n−k for the Bernoulli process with parameter p See [1] for other proofs and extensive survey of generalisations of this result ... Dirac mass at V∞ , for κ = ∞ it is the Dirac mass at V0 , and for < κ < ∞ the measure is supported by the set of subspaces of V∞ of codimension κ The following random algorithm describes explicitly...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:21

... is the sum of the cofactors as used in [2] and that this sum G is independent of w In Lemma 3, we show that qcofsumw is independent of w (and hence can G be denoted as qcofsumG ) In Subsection ... by αk It would be interesting to see if for some distinct trees T1 , T2 , some subsets S1 , S2 with |S1 | = |S2 | exist such that the q-analogue of just the rows of Si in Ti can be multiplied ... this subsection, by setting values to q, we get a few pleasing corollaries about some modifications of the distance matrix of graphs, some of which seem non obvious If we set q = −1, then it is...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 11:20

... Compositions are ordered by I J iff Des(I) ⊆ Des(J) In this case we say that I is coarser than J The descent composition I = C(σ) of a permutation σ ∈ Sn is the composition of n whose descents are ... a⊔⊔(β[k]) A composition of an integer n is a sequence of positive integers of total sum n The descent set Des(I) of a composition I = (i1 , , ir ) is the set of partial sums {i1 , i1 + i2 , ... journal of combinatorics 17 (2010), #R34 Recall that the algebra Sym of noncommutative symmetric functions is the free associative algebra, on the symbol set Sn , whose basis is given by S I = Si1...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 12:22

... limitations and seek professional advice whenever it is needed, if only for reassurance Medical statistics is a scientific discipline in its own right and a medical statistician fully achieves that ... Medical Statistics, edn Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2001 Campbell MJ, Machin D: Medical Statistics: A Commonsense Approach, edn London: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 1993 Kirkwood BR Essentials of Medical ... years of training and practical experience Most academic departments, and also many clinical departments, include properly qualified medical statisticians and they should be consulted as early as...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 10:45

... the skin of an old person iv to become creased; to get small lines in one s skin or on the surface of something tv to cause someone s skin or the surface of something to have Q; to cause creases, ... process used to make copies of documents.) X-ray ["Eks re] n a ray of energy that can pass through solid or nearly solid matter, such as the body (Used especially to take pictures of the insides of ... something ) to give up on turning someone or something into something to give up on someone or something as a dead loss, waste of time, hopeless case, etc to take a charge against one s taxes...

Ngày tải lên: 19/08/2013, 09:17

... and I ! = 0, this doesn’t really tell us anything useful about I Thus, P P we consider subsets of , rather than individual elements of e Distribution of B T  If is constant, then n o Z ... is a martingale under IP 192 Lemma 1.54 (Baye s Rule) If X is F t-measurable and  s  t  T , then f IE X jF s = Z s IE XZ tjF s : Proof: It is clear that Z 1s IE XZ tjF s is ... but here is the beginning of the proof Lemma 1.55 Using the notation of Girsanov s Theorem, we have the martingale property fe e IE B tjF s = B s ;  s  t  T: e Proof: We first check that...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 03:20

... proficiency b Students of the mixed proficiency c Students of the same interest d Students sitting next to you and near to you e Students of the same age f Students of the same sex g Students of ... are sorted into classes of the same level Each English class has about 30 students (This is considered the best number for a class at Universities learning English) The teachers of English are ... in simpler terms, to discuss” He also adds some factors to the good (or successful) discussion, that is, topic, group work and role play Sometimes in the group discussion, the group has also...

Ngày tải lên: 29/01/2014, 10:33

... α be a zero of the function Q(z) Then α is a zero of some polynomial fi (0 n + 1) By the hypothesis that the polynomials are relatively prime, there exists a number v(0 v n + 1) such that fv ... Generalied Mason s Theorem 39 By the similar arguments applying to the polynomial f0 , f1 , , fn , we have n+1 max (degfi ) ⊂ n+1 n n i=0 fi − n(n + 1) Theorem 1.1 is proved References S Lang, Introduction ... Hyperbolic Spaces, Springer - Verlag, (1987) S Lang, Old and new conjecture Diophantine inequalitis, Bull Amer Math Soc., 23 (1990), 37 - 75 R C Mason, Diophantine Equations over Function Fields, London...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 04:20