... counselling was offered During the post-test counselling, the mothers were asked to bring their partners to the clinic for testing If the mother succeeded in bringing her partner to the clinic, ... to HIV-infected wives; attitudes to condom use within marriage; attitudes to couple counselling and testing; involvement in infant feeding; and views on how to increase male involvement in the ... testing, she needs to go with me, the husband (Father FGD) Hence, testing of the woman as a clinical routine in the antenatal clinic was in contrast to voluntary counselling and testing defined...
... Results of data analysis 37 4.2.1 The choice of inviting forms in equal power settings 38 4.2.2 The choice of inviting forms in high power settings 41 4.2.3 The choice of inviting ... Categories of inviting in English and Vietnamese 18 2.5.1 Categories of inviting in English 19 2.5.1.1 Direct invitations in English 19 2.5.1.2 Indirect invitations in English ... carrying out invitation-making in real life situations In addition, the study’s findings hope to make contributions to raising the importance of studying the cross- culture for English majors in...
... missed opportunities occurred within the context of opt -in VCT Routine offer (opt out) of HIV testing within antenatal care (i.e antenatal HIV testing is part of Table 3: Tested and did not receive ... The aim of this study was to investigate why, in the context of apparently functioning and accessible health services in terms of ANC coverage, such large numbers of women are not getting a relatively ... descriptions of testing, counseling and diagnosis; details of support and care received after diagnosis (including details of the PMTCT programme); perceptions of quality of care and contextual information...
... of using greeting gestures in Vietnam Chart 2: Frequency of using greeting gestures in America Chart 3: The influence of the age on using greeting gestures in Vietnam Chart 4: The influence of ... 3.3.2.2 The factors influencing on using greeting gestures Factors The factors influencing on using greeting gestures in Vietnam (%) The factors influencing on using greeting gestures in American (%) ... age on using greeting grestures in America Chart 5: The influence of the gender on using greeting gestures in Vietnam Chart 6: The influence of the gender on using greeting gestures in America...
... effective in preventing dental caries FLOURIDES Prevents demineralization Enhances remineralization Alters the action of plaque bacteria Systemic Sources of Fluoride Drinking water ... www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/fact_sheets/fl_caries.htm Department of Health and Human Services HHS Recommendation for Fluoride Concentration in Drinking Water for Preventionof Dental Caries Federal Register Vol 76(9): ... Better use of Flouride Nutrition FLOURIDES Fluoride is the ionic form of the element fluorine It is negatively charged and will not remain as a free element Fluoride has a high affinity for...
... the Uganda Ministry of Health issued new guidelines for HIV counselling and testing of pregnant women in September 2005 [23] and a revised edition of Policy Guidelines for Preventionof Mother ... getting infected with HIV highly the routine HIV testing services offered as part of standard antenatal care (Table 2) Participants’ opinions and experiences of routine HIV counselling and testing ... through breastfeeding (Table 5) The predictors of having knowledgeof exclusive breastfeeding as one of the measures for preventionof mother to child transmission of HIV were: having completed secondary...
... five of the same clinics eight years after PMTCT was introduced and in a setting where all of the clinics included in the study had implemented PMTCT with routine counselling and testing in their ... address knowledge about avoidance of the primary infection of the mother and avoidance of re-infection of the mother, both of which increase the risk of infecting the child Furthermore, the use of ... 94:357-363 Chopra M, Rollins N: Infant feeding in the time of HIV: rapid assessment of infant feeding policy and programmes in four African countries scaling up preventionof mother to child transmission...
... implementation of programs for the preventionof mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV faces many challenges Some of these challenges include the low uptake of Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) ... components in PMTCT include VCT for HIV during pregnancy, comprehensive antenatal care, infant feeding counseling and administration of short course antiretroviral therapy regimen, intrapartum ... using rapid tests were 60% at antenatal clinics in urban settings [16] and we projected the acceptance rates to be 45% in the rural setting Using a two sided alpha level of 5%, a sample size of...
... Within APEC little is known on the introduction of marine pests Little practical information on measures to prevent introductions Lackofknowledgein what individual countries are doing ... enhance the effectiveness of existing instruments within APEC Institutional arrangements for managing the marine environment is fragmented in most economies Baseline surveys to identify IMP ... fouling are the most important vectors International shipping, aquaculture and biodiversity are most threatened values Amount of commercial shipping and number of trading partners affecting...
... meaning that involves producing, receiving and processing information (Brown,1994;Burn&Joyce,1997) Speaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that involves producing and receiving ... Speaking skill 2.2.2.1 Definition of speaking skill According to linguistics science, speaking skill refers to communication It is supposed to be one of the most important practical skills Speaking ... Speaking skill 34 2.2.2.1 Definition of speaking skill 34 2.2.2.2 The role and status of speaking in language learning and teaching 35 2.2.2.3 Characteristics of speaking...
... speaking in interpreting - Students’ practice of public speaking skillin interpreting 16 2.4.1.1 Students’ Understanding about Public Speaking Skillin Interpreting Two first questions in the ... Interpreting In Nababan (1999), simultaneous interpreting is a kind of interpreting process in which the interpreter and speaker are speaking together with the same material In this kind of interpreting, ... of professions” He finds out the way of interpreting is orally and emphasizes the position of interpreting and the interpreter in society There are many definitions of interpreting butin general...
... regulations require 15 hours of health and safety training—eight hours for CPR and First Aid and seven for preventionof infectious disease and injuries The training inpreventionof infectious disease ... wash or rinse diapers or clothes soiled with stool in the child care setting Because of the risk of splashing and gross contaminationof hands, sinks, and bathroom surfaces, rinsing increases ... Understanding the Spread of Disease Infants and young children in child care have an increased rate of certain infectious disease and an increased risk of getting antibiotic-resistant organisms Prevention...
... Rates of Containing Correct Bilingual Term Pairs Next, we evaluate the following rate of containing correct bilingual term correspondences: {TP(tE) correct bilingual term rate of correct bilingual ... corpora, i.e., in reducing useless bilingual term pairs and in increasing the estimated confidence of useful bilingual term pairs More specifically, first, a reduced but crosslingually more relevant ... evaluate the effect of cross- language retrieval of relevant texts by comparing the cases with/without reducing candidates of bilingual term pairs with the help of cross- lingually relevant text...
... reduce postoperative insulin resistance Insulin resistance in type diabetes Tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor increased over the same concentration range of insulin in cells from patients ... maximal effects of insulin on the state of tyrosinephosphorylation of the insulin receptor or of IRS1, or of phosphorylation of ERK1 ⁄ 2, was not significantly different in either group of diabetics ... that mutations in the insulin receptor cannot explain the vast majority of cases of type diabetes Downstream defects in insulin receptor signalling to tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS1 has been...
... chitin-binding proteins in T tridentatus Amino acid compositions of high molecular mass (HMM) chitin-binding proteins HMM chitin-binding proteins resolved by 2D SDS ⁄ PAGE were categorized into ... Purification of chitin-binding proteins Fig TGase-dependent protein cross- linking of cuticular chitinbinding proteins Lane 1, nontreated cuticular proteins; lane 2, cuticular proteins + TGase; ... the right indicate amino acid residue numbers and DE29 is involved in chitin binding In insects, cuticular proteins containing cysteine residues have not been reported, but analyses of total cuticles...
... Painting of a rubber tapper on the wall of a house of a merchant latex buyer in Prabumulih, South Sumatra Province Cover design, Ferdinand Lubis Acknowledgement The help of Ibu Sesilia in laying ... clonal seedlings but the quality is often low; hence the rate of growth is slow and yields disappointing Slow growth increases fire risk in the early years lackof funds to finance upkeep of a plantation ... defend their interests butin the interests of the government and private investors Farmers also complain about their lackof control over the design and implementation of projects: many of which...
... Division of Violence Prevention, CDC Prevention Works! Triple P Media Everybody Brief consultations in primary care settings All families in a specific setting Parenting skills training Families ... primary preventionbut invested largely in response through the child welfare system Public health is not well integrated into a coordinated prevention system 18 CDC Approaches to Reducing Child ... PhD Acting Special Advisor, Division of Violence Prevention National Center for Injury Prevention and Control Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 21 Addressing Child Maltreatment in the...
... the association of strokes, particularly those resulting in neurological dam- 46 Preventionof falls in the elderly living at home age, with an increase in the risk of falling in men (Campbell, ... extending the period of physical autonomy, and retarding the onset of the effects of aging The fact that the majority of elderly people are currently living in their own home is in part attributable ... of all fall prevention programs Knowledgeof risk factors for falling Multiple factors are involved in the risk of falling These factors may be intrinsic to the person and the aging process,...
... The feasibility of conducting quality of life interviews among TB patients using the MOS in urban Uganda setting was evaluated by examining the percent of missing item responses, interviewer-reported ... receiving care in public health institutions appear to catch-up in HRQoL to those receiving care in private institutions and that TB therapy improves HRQoL regardless of treatment setting In this ... functioning and well being of TB patients so that individual patient specific needs are addressed to attain the best clinical or treatment outcome, and thus increasing the likelihood of adequate...