kappa b and innate immunity

... Schaafsma MR, Fibbe WE, Falkenburg JH, Opdenakker G, Billiau A: Simultaneous production of interleukin 6, interferon-beta and colony-stimulating activity by fibroblasts after viral and bacterial infection ... antibody, or normal rabbit serum for hour at 37°C Recombinant IFNβ (IFN) was also incubated in the presence of either medium as a control, rabbit polyclonal anti-IFNβ antibody, or normal rabbit ... were blocked with 1% bovine serum albumin in phosphate buffered saline for h at 25°C, washed three times and samples added and incubated for h at 25°C After washing, 3.5 μg/ml polyclonal rabbit...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... including RNPs and nucleosomes All subtypes of IFN-I bind to the IFN-I receptor (IFNAR), which is composed of two chains: IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 The IFNAR2 chain exists in both transmembrane and soluble isoforms ... production of autoantibodies directed against nucleic acid-associated targets Materials and methods Mice and treatment BALB/cJ mice were purchased from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME, USA) IFNAR2-/- ... phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) Sera were collected before injection and at 4-week intervals Proteinuria was monitored by dipstick analysis using Albustix (Bayer Corp., Elkhart, IN, USA) on a monthly basis...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... was markedly inhibited not only by p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580, but also by another p38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190, and NF- http://respiratory-research.com/content/9/1/16 kappa < /b> B inhibitor PDTC Moreover, ... shown in Fig 6A & 6B, NTHi-induced COX-2 mRNA expression was markedly inhibited by pre-treatment of NF -kappa < /b> B inhibitor PDTC and p38 MAPK inhibitors SB203580 and Page of (page number not for citation ... of p38 MAPK inhibitors SB203580 and SB202190 and NF -kappa < /b> B inhibitor PDTC on the NTHi-induced COX-2 mRNA expression and PGE2 production were measured by using RT-PCR analysis and ELISA assay,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:21

... digested with actinase E as described in the Materials and methods The resultant sample was subjected to SDS ⁄ PAGE followed by Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) staining (B) MEFs were treated for 60 ... NF-jB activation Furthermore, the observation that NF-jB activation induced by hLF is ‘endo -b- galactosidase sensitive’, whereas activation induced by LPS is ‘endo -b- galactosidase resistant’, enables ... TNF-stimulated NF-jB activation did not occur in MEFs lacking both TRAF2 and TRAF5 (Fig 4A) By contrast, hLF and ActEtreated hLF significantly stimulated NF-jB DNA binding and nuclear translocation...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 11:20

... PKG, is enhanced by cGMP, can be competed by a PKG substrate peptide but not by a control peptide, and is inhibitable by a cGMP analog with inhibition being more efficient in the absence of cGMP ... appropriate antibodies (0.05– 0.1 lg) were incubated with the nuclear extracts for 10 at room temperature before adding DNA binding buffer Ó FEBS 2003 2176 B He and G F Weber (Eur J Biochem 270) ... lower NF-jB band, we treated nuclear extracts from resting O3 T-cell clones or AF3.G7 T-cell hybridoma cells with PKG and cGMP and found it to induce DNA binding of the lower band to a NF-jB consensus...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:20

... functional biologic role in immunity TLR2, TLR4, TLR5 and TLR9 play critical roles in innate immune recognition of bacteria (Reviewed in [15]) TLR1 and TLR6 contribute to discrimination of bacterial ... and TLR4 in anti-bacterial innate immunity surveillance Alternatively, they suggest that separate expression control of TLR5 by inflammatory cytokines may contribute to regulation of innate immunity ... motifs on bacterial DNA.[21, 35, 36] Bacterial products and proinflammatory cytokines have been shown to contribute to the regulation of TLR expression on monocytes and neutrophils, but the role...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 16:23

... promote the antibody response, we separately evaluated patient subgroups defined by the presence of anti-CCP antibody and/ or RF In neither subgroup did we find any associations between RA and TLR1, ... shown in the model developed by Leadbetter and colleagues [34], and probably but indirectly in inactivated DNAse mice [35] Whether the role for TLR is confined to autoantibody production remains unclear; ... regulation by cis elements and epigenetics Immunity 2006, 24:369-379 Edwards JC, Cambridge G, Leandro MJ: B cell depletion therapy in rheumatic disease Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2006, 20:915-928 Browning...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... promote the antibody response, we separately evaluated patient subgroups defined by the presence of anti-CCP antibody and/ or RF In neither subgroup did we find any associations between RA and TLR1, ... shown in the model developed by Leadbetter and colleagues [34], and probably but indirectly in inactivated DNAse mice [35] Whether the role for TLR is confined to autoantibody production remains unclear; ... regulation by cis elements and epigenetics Immunity 2006, 24:369-379 Edwards JC, Cambridge G, Leandro MJ: B cell depletion therapy in rheumatic disease Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2006, 20:915-928 Browning...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:22

... Doublestranded RNA is produced by positive-strand RNA viruses and DNA viruses but not in detectable amounts by negative-strand RNA viruses J Virol 2006, 80(10):5059-5064 99 Jacobs BL, Langland ... injury and death of the host Ligands of TLRs Microbial ligands Constant interactions between the respiratory tract and the environment pose a major challenge to host immunity and necessitate robust ... pneumonia but does not contribute to antibacterial defense J Immunol 2004, 172(5):3132-3138 Albiger B, Dahlberg S, Sandgren A, Wartha F, Beiter K, Katsuragi H, Akira S, Normark S, Henriques-Normark B: ...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 03:20

... viral and bacterial infections and their contribution to virus and bacteria induced exacerbations of pulmonary diseases Methods Antibodies Polyclonal antibodies to TRIF and TIRAP and mAb to TOLLIP ... Western blotting Western blotting was performed according to standard procedures Briefly, proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and blotted on PVDF membranes Membranes were blocked ... chamber slides (BD Bioscience) in completely supplemented SAGM 24 h before stimulation of the cells medium was replaced by basal medium only supplemented with GA-1000, retinoic acid and BSA Subsequently,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:21

... M.tb-DNA induced comparable levels of TNF-a, IL 1b and IL-6 but did not induce IL-10 or IL-12 in bronchoalveolar cells and monocytes (mean ± SD [pg/ mL], TNF-a: 2049 ± 421 and 1779 ± 560; IL- 1b: ... were determined in culture supernatants by ELISA for TNF-a and IL-6 (A, C) and Cytokine Bead Array for IL- 1b IL-10 and IL-12 (B, D and E) Culture medium and human DNA (5 mg/mL) were used as negative ... receptors: critical proteins linking innate and acquired immunity Nat Immunol 2001, 2:675-680 Abel B, Thieblemont N, Quesniaux VJ, Brown N, Mpagi J, Miyake K, Bihl F, Ryffel B: Toll-like receptor expression...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... signaling and recently reported not to be essential for TLR2 signaling [10,11] Furthermore, TNFα production by RA synovial membrane cells could be blocked by imiquimod and the serotonin receptor antagonist ... arthritis by controling Treg function and by counteracting the production of IFNγ and IL-17 [8] This implies that TLR2 blockade might have detrimental effects on restraining autoimmunity in a subset ... SM, Andreakos E, Kiriakidis S, Amjadi P, Lundberg A, Giddins G, Feldmann M, Brennan F, Foxwell BM: The Toll-like receptor adaptor proteins MyD88 and Mal/TIRAP contribute to the inflammatory and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:22

... (rabbit polyclonal) and TLR9 (26C593) from Acris antibodies, as well as rabbit pAbs against TLR2 and TLR3 from AMS Biotechnology Subsequently, HRP-labeled goat anti-mouse or goat anti-rabbit ... airborne and ingested antigens [5] They are sites where innate immunity leads to onset of the adaptive immunity, mediated by B and T lymphocytes [6] Naïve lymphocytes circulate between the blood ... single-stranded RNA via toll-like receptor and Science 2004, 303:1526-1529 Wagner H: Interactions between bacterial CpG-DNA and TLR9 bridge innate and adaptive immunity Curr Opin Microbiol 2002,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... Care February 2003 Vol No Beutler killing bacteria However, they serve a dual function in that they elaborate cytokines to give warning of infection both near and far, and also contribute to ... soluble form of peptidoglycan recognition protein is also known to bind tightly to bacteria [6,7] and may contribute to bacterial recognition, although a role in defense has yet to be established ... believed to directly engage and recognize microbial LPS [32–34], lipopeptides and peptidoglycan [35,36], DNA [37], flagellin [38], double-stranded RNA [39], and probably other conserved determinants...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... Dok3 and ABIN1 roles in TLR4 regulation of TNF V-135 xv ABBREVIATIONS ABBREVIATIONS APC Antigen-presenting cells ABIN1 A20-binding inhibitor of NF B BCR B cell receptor BLNK B cell ... subsequent by-product is a fusion or chimeric protein known as bcr-Abl and exists in either p185(Bcr-Abl) or p210(Bcr-Abl) In comparison to c-Abl which is inactive in its nascent state, Bcr-Abl ... TRIF-dependent TBK1 and IRF3 phosphorylation III- 3.8 Dok3 interacts with TRAF3 and TBK1 and is required for TBK1 binding to TRAF3 in TLR3 signalling III-80 3.9 Dok3 binds TRAF3 and TBK1 via...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:16

... structures that are not subject to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) This expression of immunological proteins extends progressively to affect microglia across the brain parenchyma and may lead to the ... activation and induction of inflammatory cytokines and enzymes (TNF-a, IL- 1b and iNOS) in the ischemic brain [25] More recently, treatment with neutralizing antiHMGB1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) remarkably ... High-mobility group protein box-1 and its relevance to cerebral ischemia J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2010, 30:243-254 31 Lehnardt S, Lachance C, Patrizi S, Lefebvre S, Follett PL, Jensen FE, Rosenberg...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... innate immunity A relationship between TLR activation, IFN, and autoimmunity has also been shown in infectious illnesses Indeed, lupus exhibits remarkable similarities to and might be triggered by ... They harbor both TLR7 and TLR9 receptors and are exquisitely sensitive to RNA and DNA stimulation Conventional DCs (cDCs) express and respond to TLR stimuli and might promote autoimmunity by affecting ... pivotal roles in SLE TLR7 and TLR8 bind to single-stranded RNA, TLR3 to double-stranded RNA, and TLR to DNA These receptors are intracellular and are engaged by their ligands in a cytoplasmic compartment...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:21

... OA, and endogenous ligands released as a consequence of synovial and cartilage catabolism (for example, fibronectin and hyaluronan fragments) are likely to be recognised by PRRs [66] Histology and ... C, Duftner C, Kullich W, Goldberger C, Vega SC, Keller M, Grubeck-Loebenstein B, Schirmer M: Between adaptive and innate immunity: TLR4-mediated perforin production by CD28null T-helper cells in ... patients have shown that TLR2 and TLR4 levels are increased and that this effect can be reduced by therapeutic blockade of TNFα [55] Polymorphisms in TLR4 have been described and there are several studies...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:21

... incubated with the secondary antibodies (Biotinylated anti-rabbit and anti-goat IgG) (PerkinElmer Life Science, Boston, USA) for hr at room temperature Blots were developed by the ECL Western blotting ... membranes (Millipore) by using a Semi-Dry Electrophoretic system (Bio-Rad) The IL- 1b was identified by goat polyclonal antibodies (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Santa Cruz, CA, USA) The membranes ... for NF- B DNA-binding activity; IL- 1b protein as well as IL- 1b, KC, and MIP-2 mRNA expression Animals Experiment Specific pathogen-free male C3H/HeN, weighing between 20 and 25 g were obtained...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:20