introduction to unix linux kernel

... Technology Services Directory Navigation and Control Commands 20–22 pwd print working directory cd change working directory (“go to directory) mkdir make a directory rmdir remove directory University ... system resources • printing • vi editor University Technology Services In the Introduction to UNIX document • shell programming • Unix command summary tables • short Unix bibliography (also see web ... imitated many Unix ideas Commercial Unix fragmentation GNU Project 1990s Linux now Unix is widespread and available from many sources, both free and commercial University Technology Services Unix Systems...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 10:15

... 51 • Putting a job into the background • appending & to the command line • ˆZ to stop while job is running • bg to continue stopped job in background • fg to return the job to the foreground University ... • Use history and savehist variables to set number of commands retained: • in cshrc: set history=100 savehist=50 • saved in ˜/.history between logins University Technology Services History shortcuts ... alternatives • Less frustrating to fix typos or redo previous commands To try the shell without changing to it, just type its name at your system prompt (Type exit to return to normal.) University Technology...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 14:15

... • Introduction to Unix and its architecture • Learn to use basic Unix commands • Learn to use vi editor • Learn to write shell scripts • Learn to register and run shell ... Confidential to Trianz Inc •10 ls - List directory contents cd - Change the current directory cp - Copy files and directories mv - Move (rename) files mkdir - Make a directory rm - Remove files or directories ... Example : APPL_TOP=/srv/115102/inst/visappl pathseg=/home/oracle/bin today=`date` export – to export the variable to the environment Confidential to Trianz Inc •15 Redirection operators: Output...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2014, 10:53

... driver The central gathering point for Linux kernel developers is the linux- kernel mailing list All major kernel developers, from Linus Torvalds on down, subscribe to this list Please note that the ... you can add functionality to the kernel while the system is up and running Each piece of code that can be added to the kernel at runtime is called a module The Linux kernel offers support for ... is plugged into the computer The Linux kernel therefore embeds a SCSI implementation (i.e., the mapping of file operations to the SCSI communication protocol) The driver writer has to implement...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 01:17

... domain protocol */ /* protocol number */ /* input to protocol (from below) */ /* output to protocol (from above) */ pr_ctlinput_t *pr_ctlinput; pr_ctloutput_t *pr_ctloutput; /* user-protocol hook ... In t ro duc ti on xvii LOADABLE KERNEL MODULES The simplest way to introduce code into a running kernel is through a loadable kernel module (LKM), which is a kernel subsystem that can be loaded ... way to learn Who Should Read This Book? This book is aimed at programmers with an interest in introductory kernel hacking As such, experience writing kernel code is not required or expected To...

Ngày tải lên: 25/03/2014, 11:13

... Outline Part I: Introduction to kernel methods Part II: Learning kernel algorithms Part III: Theoretical guarantees Part IV: Software tools page Binary Classification Problem ... Other Standard PDS Kernels Gaussian kernels: ￿ ￿ ||x − y|| , σ ￿= K(x, y) = exp − 2σ Sigmoid Kernels: K(x, y) = tanh(a(x · y) + b), a, b ≥ page 14 Consequence: SVMs with PDS Kernels (Boser, Guyon, ... Support vectors: points along the margin or outliers Soft margin: ρ = 1/￿w￿ page Optimization Problem (Cortes and Vapnik, 1995) Constrained optimization: ￿w￿2 + C w,b,ξ m ￿ ξi i=1 subject to yi (w...

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 13:07

... What is Kernel Patching? "Kernel patching" or "kernel hooking" is the practice of using unsupported mechanisms to modify or replace kernel code Patching fundamentally ... ability to utilize hardware assisted security technology, such as a virtual machine hypervisor, to further improve the integrity of the operating system Alternatives to Kernel Patching Clearly, customers ... greatest risk from kernel patching comes from virus and spyware writers that use this technique with malicious intent and to hide their presence Malware authors are motivated to patch the kernel because...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 18:20

... cylinder skewing and sector-based sparing with one spare sector per track This needs to be accounted for in mapping logical blocks to the physical sectors Adding all these factors results in the ... 97560 sector size 256 bytes 512 bytes cylinders 1449 1962 tracks per cylinder 19 data sectors per track 113 72 number of zones 1 track skew 34 sectors sectors cylinder skew 43 sectors 18 sectors ... specifications, since the only alternative is to determine them experimentally The information required to determine how much power to apply to the pivot motor and for how long on a particular seek...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2012, 14:16

... 2001) linux/ include n n n include/asm-*: n Architecture-dependent include subdirectories include /linux: n Header info needed both by the kernel and user apps n Usually linked to /usr/include /linux ... (Spring 2001) linux/ scripts n Scripts for: n Menu-based kernel configuration n Kernel patching n Generating kernel documentation CS591 (Spring 2001) Summary n n n n Linux is a modular, UNIX- like ... supports: n Choice of Linux kernels n Boot time kernel parameters n Booting non -Linux kernels n A variety of configurations Characteristics: n Lives in MBR or partition boot sector n Has no knowledge...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2012, 14:40

... beginning to the end (for now)    No backing up to read something again (OK to start over) Just as done from the keyboard Writing to a file  Sending output to a file  Done from beginning to end ... fails, it is generally best to stop the program The function exit, halts a program  exit returns its argument to the operating system  exit causes program execution to stop  exit is NOT a member ... flag is an instruction to one of two options ios::fixed is a flag Will be written in fixed-point notation, the way we normally expect to see numbers Calls to setf apply only to the stream named...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2012, 22:49

... using complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) transistors They used no resistors and inductors, and the whole circuit was fabricated by the 20 INTRODUCTION very large scale integration ... may have to tune each of them to correct for manufacturing tolerances, but there is no such need to test the accuracy of the wordlength in digital filters Data on digital filters can be stored on ... the ability to understand the solution to the problems is important but understanding the theory behind them is far more important The following paragraphs are addressed to the instructors teaching...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2012, 10:21

... software that helps identify other Bluetooth devices Bluetooth and Ultra Wide Band (continued) Bluetooth and Ultra Wide Band (continued) • Bluetooth – Distance: up to 33 feet (10 meters) – Bandwidth: ... (continued) Bluetooth and Ultra Wide Band • Radio frequency identification device (RFID) tags – Small chips containing radio transponders • Can be used to track inventory • Bluetooth and Ultra ... Used to transmit data over very long distance • Repeater – Located in the satellite itself – Simply “repeats” the same signal to another location – Used to transmit data from one earth station to...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2012, 10:52

... developed for a particular customer or may be developed for a general market Software products may be • •  Generic - developed to be sold to a range of different customers e.g PC software such ... systems that are intended to provide automated support for software process activities CASE systems are often used for method support Upper-CASE  Lower-CASE   • • Tools to support the early process ... engineers should adopt a systematic and organised approach to their work and use appropriate tools and techniques depending on the problem to be solved, the development constraints and the resources...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2012, 11:26

... let me know Closing Comments If you're ready to make the jump to LVM and don't have a lot of space handy for allocating to LVM then it might make sense to reinstall your system The Debian installer ... volumes What we really want to is create logical volumes which we can mount and actually use In the future if we run out of space on this volume we can resize it to gain more storage Depending on the ... you really want to remove active logical volume "test"? [y/n]: y Logical volume "test" successfully removed Other userful commands include lvrename to change the name, and lvreduce to reduce the...

Ngày tải lên: 18/09/2012, 10:12

... regulatory tools and techniques is to advocate combining techniques rather than relying upon any single instrument: an approach often referred to as a ‘regulatory toolbox’ approach As the toolbox ... invoking the expansion of choice available to citizens Yet both failed to give credence to the incapacity of particular sectors of the Introduction community to avail themselves of essential commodities, ... regulatory agencies and legislative actors in order to secure regulatory benefits, systems theorists might focus on the way in which the economic and political systems communicate (or fail to communicate)...

Ngày tải lên: 21/09/2012, 10:39

... philosophers of mind tend to distort or oversimplify the historical Descartes’s views, but this is not the place for me to engage with them over that issue 10 An introduction to the philosophy of ... about this Secondly, if they mean to abandon reasoned argument altogether, even in defence of their own position, then I have Introduction nothing more to say to them because they have excluded ... in which these topics are covered has been deliberately chosen so as to enable the reader to build upon the understanding gained from earlier chapters in getting to grips with the topics of later...

Ngày tải lên: 21/09/2012, 10:39

... feels obliged to take If to permit the expression of humanity is to tolerate the antisocial expression of youth power, this might also be to allow the rapists into your own home, into the writer’s ... to flee to the US to escape the totalitarian state that may result from the continuing appeasement of Hitler As a consequence, there is a mood of ‘dissolution’ in which private miseries seem to ... girlfriend he refuses to marry) convey an attachment to place that belies his stated intention to emigrate In this way Cooper manages to play two contexts off against each other: historical hindsight...

Ngày tải lên: 21/09/2012, 11:00

... franchisor and franchise system to the prospective franchisee An Introduction To Franchising THE IFA EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATION WHAT ARE THE ALTERNATIVES TO FRANCHISING? In addition to franchising, there are ... distributorships ✔ licensing PRODUCER EMPLOYEE PRODUCER/ SELLER PRODUCER/ LICENSOR INDEPENDENT DISTRIBUTOR LICENSEE PRODUCER/ FRANCHISOR FRANCHISEE CUSTOMERS In a distributorship, the distributor ... are similar to franchises, and vice versa A franchisee with a great deal of leeway in how to run the business may look like an independent distributor A distributor may be subject to many controls...

Ngày tải lên: 19/10/2012, 15:42

... origin of the ship is not clear, but it is easy to imagine the course of progress from log to raft, from manual propulsion to sails, and from river to ocean navigation The Phoenicians and Egyptians ... used by a citizen in those days is said to be approximately 180litres Today, the amount of water used per capita per day in an average household is said to be approximately 240 litres Therefore, ... the history of the city water system is very old But in the development process of city water systems, in order to transport water effectively, the shape and size of the water conduit had to be...

Ngày tải lên: 22/10/2012, 10:59