introduction to surgical critical care

... Vascular compression ↑ PVR ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME Predisposing injury SURGICAL CRITICAL CARE VIVAS A ᭢ 17 SURGICAL CRITICAL CARE VIVAS A ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME Proliferative ... ARDS is the respiratory component to the systemic ᭢ 15 SURGICAL CRITICAL CARE VIVAS A inf lammatory response syndrome that is associated with multiorgan dysfunction ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME ... required to restore l of blood to a normal pH at a pCO2 of 5.3 kPa and at 37°C It is an indicator of the metabolic component to an acid-base disturbance The normal range is Ϫ2 to ϩ2 mmol/l ᭿ SURGICAL...

Ngày tải lên: 21/09/2012, 11:00

... sections is sub-divided into the same six sections as Surgical Critical Care Each answer is cross-referenced to specific pages in Surgical Critical Care (using the SCC icon) as well as being elaborated ... Applied Anatomy, Operative Surgery & Principles of Surgery, Surgical Physiology & Critical Care and Applied Pathology & Bacteriology 30 minutes each divided into the two sections Critical Care forms ... QUESTIONS IN SURGICAL CRITICAL CARE Kqs-FM.qxd 5/11/02 11:15 AM Page ii This page intentionally left blank Kqs-FM.qxd 5/11/02 11:15 AM Page iii KEY QUESTIONS IN SURGICAL CRITICAL CARE by Mr Robert...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 07:15

... Surgical Critical Care Vivas Mazyar Kanani BSc (Hons) MBBS (Hons) MRCS (Eng) Greenwich Medical Media Limited Surgical Critical Care Vivas For my wife, Pauline Cornelia O’Keeffe Surgical Critical ... vascular resistance ᭢ SURGICAL CRITICAL CARE VIVAS Epithelial injury ↑ Secretions & retention A ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME 17 SURGICAL CRITICAL CARE VIVAS A ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME ... ARDS is the respiratory component to the systemic ᭢ 15 SURGICAL CRITICAL CARE VIVAS A inf lammatory response syndrome that is associated with multiorgan dysfunction ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 07:15

... cells 34 MCQs Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care Kqs-Q-s1-2.qxd 5/11/02 11:21 AM Page 35 Q 57 The following statements refer to dead space: Respiratory System A Anatomical dead space is ml/kg ... (noradrenaline) predominantly stimulates ␤-adrenoceptors B Norepinephrine is a potent vasoconstrictor MCQs Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care 17 Kqs-Q-s1-1.qxd 5/11/02 11:19 AM Page 18 Cardiovascular ... resuscitation Questions 20 MCQs Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care Kqs-Q-s1-2.qxd 5/11/02 11:21 AM Page 21 Respiratory System Q Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP): A B C D E Q Hypovolaemia...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22

... solution is preferred to normal saline in patients with renal failure E The stress response to surgery leads to sodium retention MCQs Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care 45 Kqs-Q-s1-3.qxd ... prevented by the use on H2 antagonists in all critically ill patients E Often necessitates surgical intervention 38 MCQs Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care Kqs-Q-s1-3.qxd 5/11/02 11:22 AM Page ... The following are contra-indications to liver transplantation: A Hepatocellular carcinoma B Extrahepatic malignancy MCQs Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care 41 Kqs-Q-s1-3.qxd 5/11/02 11:22...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22

... deflate just prior to the onset of systole Diastolic pressure is augmented and afterload is reduced resulting in increased coronary and cerebral MCQs Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care 85 ... end-diastolic volume and an increase in the amount of myofibril stretch at the onset of systole This results in an increase in myocardial contractility MCQs Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care ... balloon should be inflated prior to the advancement of the catheter into the pulmonary artery when measuring the PAOP 72 MCQs Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care Kqs-A-s1-1.qxd 5/11/02 11:18...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22

... false E false Total lung capacity is the total volume of air in the lungs at the end of a maximal inspiration The expiratory reserve volume is 92 MCQs Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care Kqs-A-s1-2.qxd ... concentration does not come into contact with blood Blood supply decreases from the bottom to the top of the lung Ventilation also decreases but to a lesser degree This leads to the tendency for the ... injuries may lead to tachypnoea and loss of MCQs Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care 99 Kqs-A-s1-2.qxd 5/11/02 11:20 AM Page 100 Respiratory System consciousness without respiratory failure Tachypnoea...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22

... blockage/displacement, surgical Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care Kqs-A-s1-6.qxd 5/11/02 11:25 AM Page 141 emphysema, pneumothorax, decannulation problems and fistulae Surgical Critical Care Ashford ... Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care Kqs-Q-s2-2.qxd 5/11/02 11:27 AM Page 147 Respiratory System Questions Q How would you interpret a chest radiograph in a critically ill surgical patient? ... Questions in Surgical Critical Care 151 Kqs-Q-s2-5.qxd 5/11/02 11:31 AM Page 152 Principles of Intensive Care Questions Q Q What are the basics of successful clinical monitoring of the critically...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22

... 61–67 Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care Kqs-A-s2-2.qxd 5/11/02 11:27 AM Page 177 6.0 Inspiratory reserve volume Inspiratory capacity Volume Expiratory reserve volume Total lung capacity Functional ... Questions in Surgical Critical Care Kqs-A-s2-2.qxd 5/11/02 11:27 AM Page 171 How would you diagnose adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in a ventilator dependent post-operative surgical patient? ... ventricle in the brainstem To initiate a breath the respiratory centre stimulates the respiratory muscles via the cranial and spinal nerves Vivas Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care Kqs-A-s2-2.qxd...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22

... Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care 187 Kqs-A-s2-2.qxd 5/11/02 ᭿ ᭿ ᭿ 11:27 AM Page 188 Respiratory System Inability to speak in sentences (leading on to total inability to speak) Impaired ... leading to the release of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, tumour necrosis factor (TNF), platelet activating factor (PAF), interleukin (IL1 and IL6) and proteases These inflammatory mediators ... symptoms The signs and symptoms of fat embolism syndrome (FES) can be divided into respiratory, central nervous system (CNS) and other (Table 3.2) Vivas Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22

... Critical Care June 2005 Vol No Govindarajan Wish list A greater number of interactive cases and a section on surgical procedures in the ICU (e.g surgical airway) would ... Wake Forest University, provides evidence-based guidelines for many management problems related to the trauma patient Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 20:20

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2017, 14:21

... to allow the requirements to be validated, their implementation to be verified, and their costs to be estimated Specification For most engineering professions, the term specification refers to ... to provide you with a high-level introduction to requirements There are several courses available to help you learn more about requirements in detail, including explanations of (and methods to ... and tips that you can immediately put to use Our expert instructors draw upon their experiences to help you understand key concepts and how to apply them to your specific work situation Choose...

Ngày tải lên: 21/12/2013, 04:18

... to allow the requirements to be validated, their implementation to be verified, and their costs to be estimated Specification For most engineering professions, the term specification refers to ... to provide you with a high-level introduction to requirements There are several courses available to help you learn more about requirements in detail, including explanations of (and methods to ... and tips that you can immediately put to use Our expert instructors draw upon their experiences to help you understand key concepts and how to apply them to your specific work situation Choose...

Ngày tải lên: 21/12/2013, 06:18

... is the second phase (2007 to 2012) of a long-term investigation into the determinants and processes of using research knowledge to improve care and management in healthcare organizations The purpose ... unregulated (i.e., healthcare aides), regulated (i.e., nurses, physicians, allied health, educators/specialists) care providers together with managers in each facility will be asked to complete the TREC ... their facility in ways that are meaningful to them To contribute to creating sustainable enhanced capacity within the LTC sector to provide excellent care and support informed by research evidence...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:21

... is the second phase (2007 to 2012) of a long-term investigation into the determinants and processes of using research knowledge to improve care and management in healthcare organizations The purpose ... unregulated (i.e., healthcare aides), regulated (i.e., nurses, physicians, allied health, educators/specialists) care providers together with managers in each facility will be asked to complete the TREC ... their facility in ways that are meaningful to them To contribute to creating sustainable enhanced capacity within the LTC sector to provide excellent care and support informed by research evidence...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 16:20

... disciplines to understand and accept open access, with APCs as an acceptable method to fund it 332 Critical Care will continue to publish educational reviews, commentaries and reports The added editorial ... American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine are US$525 [14] to serve the worldwide intensivist community We believe this change will benefit clinical care and aid scientific research, ... authors will not be required to pay APCs By providing a forum for open access research, in addition to this educational material, APCs will enable Critical Care to continue its ongoing quest...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:22

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:22

... discharge from critical care [42] and of endof-life decision-making [43] on critical care outcomes The use of a detailed system to code the reason for admission to the critical care unit enables ... general critical care units Materials and methods Participation in the CMP The CMP recruits from adult, general critical care units Adult, general critical care units are defined as intensive care ... score together with a diagnostic category based on the reason for admission to the critical care unit, and from the surgical status (elective patients versus emergency and nonsurgical patients) Surgical...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 20:20

... case mix factors to ultimate hospital mortality Continuous variables were assumed to have a linear effect on the log odds In addition to univariate analyses, the factors were entered into a multiple ... leads to severe respiratory failure, which necessitates admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) In some cases, endotracheal intubation with mechanical ventilation is required [1–7] Factors that ... history of asthma is punctuated by acute exacerbations, most of which respond to conventional treatment using bronchodilators, steroids and oxygen [1] Deterioration or failure to respond to these...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 20:20