introduction to data analysis

... Pointer to projected database of its ancestor node – Bitvector containing information about which transactions in the projected database contain the itemset © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data ... support © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining 12 Illustrating Apriori Principle Found to be Infrequent Pruned supersets © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining 13 Illustrating ... (NM) – Use efficient data structures to store the candidates or transactions – No need to match every candidate against every transaction © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining 11 Reducing...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 09:20

... Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining Notion of a Cluster can be Ambiguous How many clusters? Six Clusters Two Clusters Four Clusters © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining Types ... hierarchical tree © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining Partitional Clustering Original Points © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar A Partitional Clustering Introduction to Data Mining Hierarchical Clustering ... Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining 18 Clustering Algorithms K-means and its variants Hierarchical clustering Density-based clustering © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining 19...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 09:20

... Kumar Introduction to Data Mining 17 Experimental Results: CHAMELEON © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining 18 Experimental Results: CHAMELEON © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data ... (c) and (d) Introduction to Data Mining 13 Chameleon: Clustering Using Dynamic Modeling Adapt to the characteristics of the data set to find the natural clusters Use a dynamic model to measure ... Rastogi, Shim © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining Experimental Results: CURE (centroid) (single link) Picture from CURE, Guha, Rastogi, Shim © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 09:20

... expect It’s up to you, as a developer, to decide how you expect them to occur and to use transactions to meet your goals CHAPTER ■ INTRODUCTION TO DATA ACCESS • Network connections to database systems ... important to fix These categories apply whenever you write data- access code To our knowledge, all data- access tools available today can be affected by any of these categories Database Resources Data- access ... invoices to its work The database stores all members and all invoices It must be possible to get a list of all CHAPTER ■ INTRODUCTION TO DATA ACCESS invoices per member, which means the database...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2013, 04:20

... you put into understanding these stock-picking methods The Stock Chart The key to technical analysis is the stock chart Technical analysts, as they are called, believe that looking at a stock chart ... of when to buy or sell a stock Support and resistance keep appearing on stock charts no matter what method of technical analysis you use If LET’S GET TECHNICAL: INTRODUCTION TO TECHNICAL ANALYSIS ... 15 122 UNDERSTANDING STOCKS stock moved strongly past the neckline on rising volume, it’s a good time to buy Analysis: The stock drops to $34.25, then reverses direction to form an inverted left...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 08:20

... insiders try to convince outsiders to buy a stock, usually the stock of a small over-the-counter company Investors are led to believe that this is a “once-in-a-lifetime” opportunity to make a small ... It wasn’t long before the market topped out and the economy began a long and slow descent into a bear market THE PSYCHOLOGY OF STOCKS: INTRODUCTION TO SENTIMENT ANALYSIS 143 12/06/02 VIX Weekly ... indicator, when options are too bullish or too bearish, the market is likely to reverse direction (There’s an old saying: When the VIX is low, it’s time to go When the VIX is high, it’s time to...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 08:20

... The third factor that affects the storage and transmission of data is security Generally, we not want our data transmissions to be intercepted, copied, and read on their way Even data saved on ... specific type of data The goal of the book is to introduce the reader to the chief approaches, methods, and techniques that are currently employed to compress data The main aim is to start with ... www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark 1 Approaches to Compression How can a given a data file be compressed? Compression amounts to eliminating the redundancy in the data, so the first step is to find...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 15:15

... determines whether it is a token or raw data A token is used to obtain data from the dictionary and write it on the output Raw data is output as is The decoder does not have to parse the input in ... Compare X to its successors in the tree (from left to right and bottom to top) If the immediate successor has frequency F + or greater, the nodes are still in sorted order and there is no need to change ... encoder has to use a buffer Bits of the compressed data are entered into the buffer as they are being generated and are moved out of it at a constant rate, to be transmitted It is easy to see intuitively...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 15:15

... order to remove ambiguity, the term “edoc” is used here to refer to them Each edoc is converted to a prefix code that’s output The first table allocates edocs through 255 to the literals, edoc 256 to ... frequency It is also possible to modify this transform to conserve the energy of the data vector All that’s needed is to multiply the transformation matrix W by the scale factor 1/2 Thus, the product ... statistical model of the data They are based on the fact that the data files that are of interest to us, the files we want to compress and keep for later use, are not random A typical data file features...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 15:15

... compressed in a single left -to- right, top -to- bottom scan; (b) progressive mode where the image is compressed in multiple blocks (known as “scans”) to be viewed from coarse to fine detail; (c) lossless ... transform is the tool used in practice to analyze digital data and compress it The wavelet transform is a tool that cuts up data or functions or operators into different frequency components, and ... DCT when applied to a continuous-tone image and to a discrete-tone image We start with the highly correlated pattern of Table 5.10 This is an idealized example of a continuous-tone image, since...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 15:15

... computer users long to realize that a computer can also store and process nonnumeric data The term “multimedia,” which became popular in the 1990s, refers to the ability to digitize, store, and manipulate ... is then applied in the same manner to three of the 16 subbands, decomposing each into 16 smaller subbands The last step is to decompose the top-left subband into four smaller ones 11 12 13 14 15 ... audio file, we often want to listen to it while it is decompressed (in fact, we decompress it only in order to listen to it) This is why audio compression methods tend to be asymmetric The encoder...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 15:15

... method to “predict” (to assign probabilities to) the data to be compressed This concept is important in statistical data compression When a statistical method is used, a model for the data has to ... Shannon–Fano constructs its codes top to bottom (from the leftmost to the rightmost bits), while Huffman constructs a code tree from the bottom up (builds the codes from right to left) (See also Shannon–Fano ... save pieces of the data in a “dictionary” data structure If a string of new data is identical to a piece that is already saved in the dictionary, a pointer to that piece is output to the compressed...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 15:15

... method to “predict” (to assign probabilities to) the data to be compressed This concept is important in statistical data compression When a statistical method is used, a model for the data has to ... Shannon–Fano constructs its codes top to bottom (from the leftmost to the rightmost bits), while Huffman constructs a code tree from the bottom up (builds the codes from right to left) (See also Shannon–Fano ... save pieces of the data in a “dictionary” data structure If a string of new data is identical to a piece that is already saved in the dictionary, a pointer to that piece is output to the compressed...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 15:15

... Snortsnarf Introduction to Log File Analysis - SANS GIAC LevelTwo ©2001 19 This tool was designed to process Snort traffic logs into web pages This tool produces HTML output intended to easily browse ... 1243 (1243 ) Introduction to Log File Analysis – SANS GIAC LevelTwo ©2001 29 This is one of three protolog analysis/ logging tools that records incoming TCP, UDP and ICMP connections to a UNIX server ... organization in existence Introduction to Log File Analysis – SANS GIAC LevelTwo ©2001 This page intentionally left blank 40 40 Course Revision History Introduction to Log File Analysis - SANS GIAC...

Ngày tải lên: 21/12/2013, 05:17

... as their data sources Customer_Dim Customer_Dim ShipperKey ShipperKey ShipperID ShipperID CustomerKey CustomerKey CustomerID CustomerID To facilitate data retrieval and analysis, a data warehouse ... goals, relational data marts and OLAP cubes differ greatly in data storage, data content, data sources, data retrieval, and business analysis capabilities Data Storage Relational data marts and ... Module 1: Introduction to Data Warehousing and OLAP ! Organizes data into non-volatile, subject-specific groups A data warehouse stores data as non-volatile, subject-oriented data sets A data warehouse...

Ngày tải lên: 21/12/2013, 19:15

... methods to be treated in Chapter (on matrices) and Chapter (on root finding) Chapter is devoted to integration of interval functions, with an introduction to automatic differentiation, an important tool ... Cataloging-in-Publication Data Moore, Ramon E Introduction to interval analysis / Ramon E Moore, R Baker Kearfott, Michael J Cloud p cm Includes bibliographical references and index ISBN 978-0-898716-69-6 Interval analysis ... execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to so, all subject to the following: The copyright notices...

Ngày tải lên: 12/01/2014, 21:46

... 17: Introduction to Data Mining Data Mining Models Topic Objective To describe different data mining models and how they apply to data analysis ! Analysis Services Models Lead-in A variety of data ... ONLY Module 17: Introduction to Data Mining 13 # Building a Data Mining Model with OLAP Data Topic Objective To describe the steps used to build a data mining model with OLAP data Lead-in These ... Module 17: Introduction to Data Mining 19 Selecting Training Data Topic Objective To review the meaning of training data and demonstrate how to select training data Lead-in What is training data? ...

Ngày tải lên: 24/01/2014, 19:20

... instead go to a grocery store Nevertheless, in buying bananas, the grocery stores compete in a market for our banana patronage, attempting to attract customers to their stores and inducing them to purchase ... rise to gold compounds also give rise to copper compounds Thus, an increase in the price of gold tends to increase the number of people prospecting for McAfee: Introduction to Economic Analysis, ... fail to purchase, and these buyers have an incentive to accept a slightly higher price in order to be able to trade Sellers are obviously happy to get the higher price as well, which tends to put...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 04:20

... for regular quicksort) We would like to be able to solve recurrences of this nature to be able to determine how large a sample to use and when to switch to insertion sort However, such recurrences ... As our research papers led to a survey paper, then to a monograph, then to a book, then to two books, then to a life’s work, I learned, as many students and collaborators around the world have ... intent is to provide perspective on various approaches to studying algorithms, to place our eld of study into context among related elds and to set the stage for the rest of the book To this end,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 20:20

... instead go to a grocery store Nevertheless, in buying bananas, the grocery stores compete in a market for our banana patronage, attempting to attract customers to their stores and inducing them to purchase ... rise to gold compounds also give rise to copper compounds Thus, an increase in the price of gold tends to increase the number of people prospecting for McAfee: Introduction to Economic Analysis, ... fail to purchase, and these buyers have an incentive to accept a slightly higher price in order to be able to trade Sellers are obviously happy to get the higher price as well, which tends to put...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:20