intrinsic and extraneous cognitive load

... memory and learners are required to process more in working memory Therefore, intrinsic cognitive load cannot be lowered easily by instructional design Extraneous cognitive load Extraneous cognitive ... cognitive load for single mode Aspect Cognitive load Extended cognitive load N 66 66 Mean 51.617 48.426 Std dev 20.458 19.480 t 1.409 Sig 0.164 Table 16: Paired t-test of cognitive load and extended cognitive ... into synchronisation and nonsynchronisation to examine the effect of text presentation mode on learning performance and cognitive load For cognitive load, extraneous cognitive load can be lowered...

Ngày tải lên: 24/02/2014, 18:20

... potential feature for cognitive load classification References [1] F Paas, J E Tuovinen, H Tabbers, and P W M Van Gerven, Cognitive load measurement as a means to advance cognitive load theory,” Educational ... frequencies can be correlated with cognitive load and can, hence, be used as effective features for cognitive load classification In general, changes were observed, under different load conditions, for parameters ... for vowel-based cognitive load classification, results show that cognitive load information is captured in the slope, range, and duration of the formant trajectory On the other hand, results from...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 07:20

... using externally loaded assets makes this type of dynamic functionality a breeze You can load external assets by using loadMovie() or loadMovieNum() for external SWF or JPG files, or loadSound() for ... By loading external assets, you can provide the user with a much more dynamic experience, employing a wider range of content that loads based on time of day, month, user input, or even a randomly ... graphic on any number of pages, and all of the pages on which it appears will reflect those changes anytime you update that graphic The same holds true for externally loaded content in your Flash...

Ngày tải lên: 17/10/2013, 21:15

... You can then command a cluster host to join and leave the cluster by using the start and stop commands in the Network Load Balancing command-line control Dedicated IP Address and Subnet Mask The ... Installing and Configuring Network Load Balancing 21 Load Weighting and Priority Topic Objective To describe the load weight configuration for the Port Rules tab Lead-in When designing a Network Load ... you use Load Weight and host priority to determine how the Network Load Balancing cluster will handle the client request load When you use the Single host filtering mode, the Network Load Balancing...

Ngày tải lên: 18/01/2014, 05:20

... information and learning into Bernal and Keane’s (2010) model The theoretical model allows establishing direct relationships between maternal input choices (employment and child care) and past cognitive ... of estimation strategies, such as OLS with extended controls (Baydar and Brooks-Gunn, 1991; Vandell and Ramanan, 1992; Parcel and Menaghan, 1990; Blau, 1999; Han et al., 2001; Ruhm, 2004; Duncan, ... approximations to the mother’s employment and child-care decision rules and jointly estimate them with the child cognitive development production function and wage equation Using a sample of single...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 02:20

... formatting and page making of the book was intact and Meena who collected the existing literature W.B VASANTHA KANDASAMY FLORENTIN SMARANDACHE Chapter One BASIC CONCEPTS ABOUT FUZZY COGNITIVE MAPS AND ... of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) and their Neutrosophic analogue, the Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps (NCMs) Fuzzy Cognitive Maps are fuzzy structures that strongly resemble neural networks, and they ... neutrosophic matrices and neutrosophic vector spaces We provide many illustrations and applications relating NCMs In this chapter, we compare and contrast NCMs and FCMs We also define NRMs and illustrate...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 12:06

... and user educational training and experience), and (2) cognitive differences between individual BPM managers (such as their mental workload, cognitive styles and cognitive abilities) Although ... energies and did not know how to proceed I also want to acknowledge and thank Dee and Marylou Whittier, James and Linda Evans, and Scott and Joyce Hendricks for taking me into their families and supporting ... Subjective Mental Workload and the Yerkes-Dodson Law 201 5.2.2 Subjective Mental Workload and Self-Efficacy 205 5.2.3 Cognitive Styles and Subjective Mental Workload during Task Performance...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 02:15

... "intrinsic factors", mainly genomic alterations of CLL cells, and "extrinsic factors", responsible for direct micro-environmental interactions of CLL cells Intrinsic factors Under the terms "intrinsic ... Translational Medicine 2009, 7:76 IG(K/L)V and IG(K/L)J segments Both for heavy and light chains, the segments involved in V(D)J recombination confer diversity by random and imprecise rearrangement during ... ground in studies indicating that CLL cell growth and survival were favoured through sequential interactions between CD38 and CD31 and between CD100 and plexin B1, the latter expressed by microenvironmental...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... the three states, E1,2 and E2,3 We found E1,2 = 21 meV and E2,3 = 16 meV for core QDs and E1,2 = 21 meV and E2,3 = 13 meV for core/shell QDs The PL time decay for core and core/shell samples ... the PL of CdSe core and CdSe/ZnS core/shell QDs in the first ns arises from the intrinsic bright ± 1U and ± 1L states with lifetime of about 60 ps and 450 ps, respectively, and from surface states ... transitions |1i and |2i to carrier recombination from ± 1U and ± 1L states and the transition |3i to a surface states emission By analysing the temperature dependence of the PL intensities I1, I2 and I3...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 18:20

... effect of fiber loading on the water sorption constants n and k Table 2: The dependence of water sorption constants n and k on fiber loading for LDPE/WHF composites Type Filler loading (wt%) n ... Fibers 0 15 25 Filler loading (phr) Figure 1: Effect of filler loading on the tensile strength of the LDPE/WHF composites with untreated and treated WHF However, as the filler loading continued to ... the LDPE/WHF composites with untreated and treated WHF Effect of Treated and Untreated Filler Loading 92 Figure shows Young’s modulus for the pure LDPE and LDPE/WHF composites Young’s modulus...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:20

... streptomycin and penicillin and mmol/L glutamine were plated in 96-well flat bottom titer plate and incubated for 24 hours at 37°C in 5% CO atmosphere After 24 hours, aliquots of harmine (1 and μg/ ... were seeded in a culture flask and incubated for 48 hours at 37°C in CO atmosphere with and without harmine Treated and untreated cells were harvested, washed with PBS and fixed with 70% ethanol ... 8, 9, p53, Bid and Bax genes were amplified against GAPDH standard Amplified PCR products were subjected to electrophoresis on a 1.8% agarose gel and stained with ethidium bromide and photographed...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 14:20

... we use load and job interchangeably Based on the types of loads under processing, load balancing or scheduling problems can be classied into two categories: indivisible load balancing and divisible ... indivisible and divisible loads Indivisible loads are independent loads, of dierent sizes, which cannot be further subdivided, and hence must be processed by a single processor Balancing these loads ... Introduction Figure 1.1: A distributed/parallel computer system load balancing and load scheduling are often used to distribute the loads and improve performance measures such as the mean response...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 15:54

... persistent, cognitive load theory suggests that investors face intrinsic cognitive load and extraneous cognitive load in order to accurately forecast earnings Intrinsic cognitive load is the ... excessive cognitive load. 7 There are two sources o f cognitive load that may present hurdles to decision makers when attempting to successfully complete a task These are intrinsic cognitive load and extraneous ... cognitive load and extraneous cognitive load (Sweller 1988; Sweller, Chandler, Tierney and Cooper 1990) This study considers how both intrinsic and extraneous cognitive load prevent investors from...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 17:30

... when positive and vice versa The parameter δ1 is exogenous and observable The unobservable random noise parameter is not affected by effort and follows a normal distribution with mean and variance ... between the maximum condition and the candidate function occurs in positive range Suppose no intersection between the candidate function and the maximum condition function and hence no xs exists (as ... economics literature In two articles Cobb-Clark and Schurer (2012) and Cobb-Clark and Schurer (2013) were the first to investigate this question for the Big and for locus of control, respectively Using...

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2015, 10:06

... sub-carrier parameters (power and bandwidth), the spectral distance between the SU’s sub-carriers and the PU band, as well as the channel between the SU and PU Bit loading (or constellation sizing ... obtained using (33) VII Sub-carrier power allocation, bandwidth sizing and bit loading After having addressed the power allocation, bit loading and bandwidth sizing individually, we formulate the problem ... using (33) XII Sub-carrier power allocation, bandwidth sizing and bit loading (Multiple SUs) The joint problem of power allocation, bit loading and bandwidth sizing for the multiple SU scenario,...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 00:20

... fragility and oxidative damage of erythrocytes of zinc-deficient rats J Nutr 1997; 127: 1290–1296 Lajos N, Miki N, Sandor S Protein and non-protein sulfhydryls and disulfides in gastric mucosa and ... TCA and resuspended in 1.0 ml of M HCl for blank and M HCl containing 2% 2,4dinitrophenyl hydrazine After incubation for h at 37°C, protein samples were washed with alcohol and ethyl acetate, and ... gluteraldehyde Aldehyde was drained and rinsed times each of in phosphate buffer and post-fixed in osmium tetroxide for h After this, the samples were rinsed in distilled water and then dehydrated using...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:40

... staining, and then deposited to a copper screen for observation under transmission electronic microscope (Tecnai-co, Philip, the Netherlands) to evaluate their shape Encapsulation efficiency and loading-drug ... means ± standard deviations, and samples were subjected to multiple analysis of variance The Dunnett-t test was performed to compare the mean between each test group and control group, and the ... constructed nanoparticles loaded with siRNA and polyethyleneimine (PEI) that were PEGylated with an RGD peptide ligand as a means to target the tumor neovasculature expressing integrins, and used them to...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 08:57

... flow and pollutant loadings with high regression coefficients This method will enable precise estimation of annual total pollutant loads for previous years and other rivers based on these data and ... pollutant loads, Proc of Environmental and Sanitary Research, (JSCE), 20, 27-38 Ebise, S., Inoue, T and Numabe, A (1993) Runoff characteristics and observation methods of pesticides and nutrients ... of Water and Environment Technology, Vol 6, No.2, 2008 Table - Comparison of total pollutant loads by routine and flooding-stage observations during five flooding-stage periods (2005), (Load: 106kg...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:38

... of the hot and cold reservoirs are ωh and ωc , respectively, and the creation and annihilation operators of ˆ+ ˆ− ˆ+ ˆ− thermal phonons for hot and cold reservoirs are bh , bh , bc and bc , respectively ... on equations (53) and (54), it is still hard to optimize the cooling load and COP of the refrigerator and to obtain the fundamental optimal relations between the cooling load and COP analytically ... Based on equations (63) and (64), it is hard to optimize cooling load and COP of the refrigerator and to obtain the fundamental relations between the optimal cooling load and COP analytically Fig...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28

... where PGi and QGi : generator real and reactive power at i-th bus, respectively; PDi and QDi : load real and reactive power at i-th bus, respectively; Gij and Bij : transfer conductance and susceptance ... xi (τ )) + c * rand * ( p g (τ ) − xi (τ )) (30) where c1 and c are acceleration constants and rand and rand are uniformly distributed random r numbers in [0, 1] The term vi is limited to its bounds ... dispatching and the stability of EPS, wind energy and intelligent techniques applications in EPS He is author and co-author of about 18 papers in international journals and national and international...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28