internetworking with tcp ip by comer ppt

... Foreword xxiii Preface xxvii Chapter Introduction And Overview The Motivation For Internetworking The TCPIIP Internet Internet Services History And Scope Of The Internet The Internet Architecture ... A Very High Speed Backbone (vBNS) 45 Other Technologies Over Which TCPIIP Has Been Used Summary And Conclusion 50 46 Chapter Internetworking Concept And Architectural Model Introduction 53 Application-Level ... Interconnection 54 Properties Of The Internet 55 Internet Architecture 56 Interconnection Through IP Routers 56 The User's View 58 All Networks Are Equal 58 The Unanswered Questions 59 Summary 60...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... how the TCP/ IP software isolates such differences and makes the communication system independent of the underlying hardware technology - TSuch long delays result from WANs that communicate by sending ... of complex computers called packet switches interconnected by longdistance communication lines The size of the network can be extended by adding a new switch and another communication line Attaching ... the destination address easily A sender must know the address of the intended recipient, and must place the recipient's address in the destination address field of a packet before transmitting...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... example demonstrates a technique often employed with unnumbered networks Rather than leaving the next hop empty, it is filled with one of the IP addresses assigned to the next-hop router (i.e., ... space Work had begun on defining an entirely new version of IP with larger addresses To accommodate growth until the new version of IP could be standardized and adopted, however, a temporary solution ... of using a single IP network prefix for multiple physical networks at a given organization, supernetting allows the addresses assigned to a single organization to span multiple classed prefixes...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... value to test along with a number of bits to skip The second, a level compressed trie, provides additional optimization by eliminating one or more levels in the trie that can be skipped along any ... they encounter when traversing a TCP/ IP internet 11.2 The Need For Multiple Protocols We have said that protocols allow one to specify or understand communication without knowing the details of ... classful addresses, the set of reserved IPV4 prefmes contains a CIDR block that spans multiple classes Figure 10.16 lists the values in CIDR notation along with the dotted decimal value of the lowest...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... Multiplexing and demultiplexing occur at almost every protocol layer For example, after the network interface demultiplexes frames and passes those frames that contain IP datagrams to the IP module, ... service offered by a commercial utility, while the TCPIIP protocols provide an example of a different layering scheme In practice, protocol software uses multiplexing and demultiplexing to distinguish ... layered structure 11.1 The Basic Idea Behind Multiplexing And Demultiplexing Communication protocols use techniques of multiplexing and demultiplexing throughout the layered hierarchy When sending...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... here as part of the TCP/ IP Internet protocol suite, it is an independent, general purpose protocol that can be adapted for use with other delivery systems For example, because TCP makes very few ... acknowledgement with retransmission The technique requires a recipient to communicate with the source, sending back an acknowledgement (ACK) message as it receives 212 Reliable Stream Transport Service (TCP) ... examine the reliable stream service provided by the TCPIIP Internet protocol suite The service is defined by the Transmission Control Protocol, or TCP The reliable stream service is so important...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... each increase the congestion window by 1, so TCP can send segments Acknowledgements for those will increase the congestion window to Within four round-trip times, TCP can send 16 segments, often ... multiplicative factors, allowing arbitrary backoff at each step? Kam's algorithm combines the backoff technique with round trip estimation to solve the problem of never increasing round trip estimates: ... Transport Service (TCP) 230 Chap 13 TCP recomputes the round trip estimate and resets the timeout accordingly Experience shows that Karn's algorithm works well even in networks with high packet...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... of data with each call Thus, the outgoing TCP buffer begins with sufficient data for at least one maximum size segment Furthermore, because the application produces data faster than TCP can transfer ... control, TCP allows systems of widely varying speeds to communicate The basic unit of transfer used by TCP is a segment Segments are used to pass data or control information (e.g., to allow TCP software ... round-trip delays Jain [I9861 describes timerbased congestion control in a sliding window environment Borman [April 19891 summarizes experiments with high-speed TCP on Cray computers EXERCISES TCP...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... Berkeley distributing routed software along with their popular 4BSD UNIX systems Thus, many TCPIIP sites adopted and installed routed, and started using RIP without even considering its technical ... system 16.3 Routing Information Protocol (RIP) 16.3.1 History of RIP One of the most widely used IGPs is the Routing Information Protocol (RIP), also known by the name of a program that implements ... Although TCP/ IP architectures continue to evolve, centralized roots are evident in many protocols Without some centralization, each ISP would need to exchange reachability information with all...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... Carefully consider the manipulation of IP addresses in a UDP echo server Under what conditions is it incorrect to create new IP addresses by reversing the source and destination IP addresses? As we ... disks and data files An early implementation of TCP/ IP under UNIX also used the open-read-write-close paradigm with a special file name, /dev /tcp The group adding network protocols to BSD UNIX ... file descriptors and socket descriptors is that the operating system binds a file descriptor to a specific file or device when the application calls open, but it can create sockets without binding...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... ON INTERFACE 2 2 IP SOURCE * * IP DEST 128.5.0.0 I 16 * * * R * INSIDE PROTOCOL TCP TCP TCP UDP UDP TCP SOURCE PORT * * * * * DEST PORT 21 23 25 43 69 79 Figure 32.6 A router with two interfaces ... e-mail server (TCP port 25) The filter also blocks incoming datagrarns destined for FTP (TCP port 21), TELNET (TCP port 23), WHOIS (UDP port 43), TFTP (UDP port 69), or FINGER (TCP port 79) Sec ... multiple external connections through a single fmwall Using one firewall for multiple connections can reduce the cost As the figure shows, the alternative architecture extends a firewall by providing...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... 244, 220, 201, 159, 92, 26, 14 Appendix Glossary Of Internetworking Terms And Abbreviations TCPhP Terminology Like most large enterprises, TCP/ IP has a language a l its own A curious blend of l ... performs to establish a TCP connection with a server at a known address adaptive retransmission The scheme TCP uses to make the retransmission timer track the mean round-trip time address An integer ... standard protocol used by SNMP to represent messages Assigned Numbers The RFC document that specifies (usually numeric) values used by TCPAP protocols 678 Glossary of internetworking Terms and...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... destination address along with data IP gateway A synonym for IP router IP- in -IP The encapsulation of one IP datagram inside another for transmission through a tunnel IP in IP is often used to send ... service IP includes the ICMP control and error message protocol as an integral part The entire protocol suite is often referred to as TCP/ IP because TCP and IP are the two fundamental protocols IP ... see IPv6 TCPIIP Internet Terms I Alphabetical Order n 695 lPsec (IP SECurity) A security standard that allows the sender to choose to authenticate or encrypt a datagram IPsec can be used with...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... and compatible personal computers TCP/ IP includes guidelines that describe how to map NetBIOS operations into equivalent TCPlIP operations network byte order The TCPDP standard for transmission ... source TCP uses round trip times to compute a retransmission timer route In general, a route is the path that network traffic takes from its source to its destination In a TCPJIP internet, each IP ... ideas in CBT PING (Packet InterNet Groper) The name of a program used with TCP/ IP internets to test reachability of destinations by sending them an ICMP echo request and waiting for a reply The term...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... Internetworking With TCP/ IP: Volume 11: Design, Implementation, and Internals, 3rd edition, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey COMER, D E and D L STEVENS [1996], Internetworking With TCPAP Volume ... Jersey COMER, D E and D L STEVENS [1994], Internetworking With TCPLP Volume III - ClientServer Programming And Applications, AT&T TLI version, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey COMER, ... IN COMER, D E., T NARTEN, and R YAVATKAR [1987], The Cypress Coaxial Packet Switch, Computer Networks and ISDN System., vol 14:2-5, 383-388 COMER, D E and D L STEVENS [1999], Internetworking With...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... labeled STD Internetworking With TCP/ IP vol Part 27 2005 Questions? PART II REVIEW OF NETWORK HARDWARE AND PHYSICAL ADDRESSING Internetworking With TCP/ IP vol Part 2005 The TCP/ IP Concept ... IBM or Digital Equipment * Standards bodies such as the ITU (formerly known as CCITT) d TCP/ IP – Vendor independent Internetworking With TCP/ IP vol Part 10 2005 Who Built TCP/ IP? d Internet Architecture ... protocols Internetworking With TCP/ IP vol Part 2005 Why Study TCP/ IP? d The Internet is everywhere d Most applications are distributed Internetworking With TCP/ IP vol Part 2005 Remainder Of...

Ngày tải lên: 19/10/2013, 23:15

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 10:15

... Motivation For Changing IPv4 600 The Road To A New Version Of IP 601 The Name Of The Next IP 602 Features Of IPv6 602 General Form Of An IPv6 Datagram 603 IPv6 Base Header Format 603 IPv6 Extension Headers ... Protocols with this fine 4th edition." Dr Vinton Cerf Senior Vice president, MCI WorldCom "There are many TCP/ IP books on the shelves today, but Doug Comer' s 'Internetworking with TCPAP' is the ... Technologies Other Books In the Internetworking Series from Douglas Comer and Prentice Hall Internetworking With TCP/ IP Volume 11: Design, Implementation, and Internals (with David Stevens), 3rd edition:...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 13:35

... Establishing A TCP Connection 237 Initial Sequence Numbers 239 Closing a TCP Connection 239 TCP Connection Reset 241 TCP State Machine 241 Forcing Data Delivery 243 Reserved TCP Port Numbers 243 TCP Performance ... Principle 187 Layering In The Presence Of Network Substructure 189 Two Important Boundaries In The TCPIIP Model 191 The Disadvantage Of Layering 192 The Basic Idea Behind Multiplexing And Demultiplexing ... Encapsulation And IP MTU Size 361 Packet Type And Multiplexing 362 IP Address Binding In An ATM Network 363 Logical IP Subnet Concept 364 Connection Management 365 Address Binding Within An WS 366...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21

... Motivation For Changing IPv4 600 The Road To A New Version Of IP 601 The Name Of The Next IP 602 Features Of IPv6 602 General Form Of An IPv6 Datagram 603 IPv6 Base Header Format 603 IPv6 Extension Headers ... Parsing An IPv6 Datagram 606 IPv6 Fragmentation And Reassembly 607 The Consequence Of End-To-End Fragmentation 607 IPv6 Source Routing 608 IPv6 Options 609 Size Of The IPv6 Address Space 610 IPv6 Colon ... While combining the explanation of the general principles of computer communication with the specific examples from the TCP/ IP protocol suite, Doug Comer has provided a very readable book While this...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 22:21