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... Marginal and Average Cost in the Long Run The long- run marginal and average cost curves are mathematically related The long- run average cost curve slopes downward as long as it is above the long- run ... leasing and rental payments, land and equipment purchases, and interest on loans Total fixed costs (TFC) remain the same whether the firm’s factories are standing idle or producing at capacity As long ... some small and some large As long as firms are producing between q1 and q2 , larger firms not have a cost advantage over smaller firms Chapter 10 Production Costs in the Short Run and Long Run...

Ngày tải lên: 17/12/2013, 15:19

... significant bearing on short- and long- term recovery outcomes for livestock dependent or reliant communities A key example is the Livestock Emergency Guidelines and Standards (LEGS) project which ... abandon farms, the agronomic and social impacts of the evacuation, the rationale and execution of livestock evacuation, and the factors that encouraged farmers to return to evacuated or abandoned ... citing strong financial and emotional attachment to their land and livestock 3.2 Irrigated Valleys High intensity mixed horticultural and pastoral farms (stocking rate >3/ha) and horticultural farms...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 17:20

... significant bearing on short- and long- term recovery outcomes for livestock dependent or reliant communities A key example is the Livestock Emergency Guidelines and Standards (LEGS) project which ... abandon farms, the agronomic and social impacts of the evacuation, the rationale and execution of livestock evacuation, and the factors that encouraged farmers to return to evacuated or abandoned ... citing strong financial and emotional attachment to their land and livestock 3.2 Irrigated Valleys High intensity mixed horticultural and pastoral farms (stocking rate >3/ha) and horticultural farms...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 19:20

... the ontogeny of B cells in BM and in PB shortly after and prior to follow-up rituximab treatment The short- term changes were characterised by a depletion of naïve and unswitched memory B cells ... lymphoma and after autologous stem cell transplantation [29,34] Leandro and colleagues described a depletion of mature BM B cells three months after rituximab treatment, while pro- and pre-B ... (Three Star Inc., Ashland, OR, USA) Collection of blood and BM samples Heparinized blood and BM aspirates of a volume of 10 ml each were obtained at baseline (n = 37) Blood and BM sampling was...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... measures, and structural aspects of chronic care management Because little is known about the impact and sustainability of QICs, the results are also meant to give insight into the short- and longterm ... urine albumin, and BMI per patient per year were performed Data about annually foot and eye examinations, consultations with dieticians and podiatrists, and counseling (advice and instruction ... summed, and then divided by the number of sections Page of 10 follow up) and long- term (two years follow up) outcomes, and baseline measurement as a covariate in the model Results Study sites and...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:23

... those transcripts that respond to salt stress, and including an analysis of the influence of both shorter (12 h and 48 h) and longer (one week and two weeks) salt stress treatments Additionally ... by Control and 12 h treatments – and At3g54810 – DNA binding, significantly affected by 1wk and 2wk treatments) one transcript (At3g54810) was up-regulated in one treatment (1wk) and down regulated ... plants and the majority of the individual transcripts were influenced by a specific salt treatment Genes encoding DNA binding elements were affected by AtNHX1 in response to both short and long...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... that subjects were enrolled and randomized within eight hours of injury That the investigators achieved 96.7% 6-month follow-up certainly raises the bar for other long- term outcomes studies of ... Critical Care October 2005 Vol No Czekajlo and Milbrandt less received either a loading dose of grams of methylprednisolone followed by a 0.4 gram/hr ... limitations of this study deserve consideration Few details regarding patient management both before and after randomization were given No centers from North America were included in this trial It is difficult...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 22:22

... functional class, and serial measurements of BNP and NT-proBNP as continuous variables Comparison of time course of BNP and NT-proBNP levels between survivors and nonsurvivors and between BNP and NT-proBNP ... Basel, Switzerland) [23] The intra-assay coefficients of variation are 2.4% and 1.8% at 355 and 4,962 pg/mL, respectively, and the respective interassay coefficients of variation are 2.9% and 2.3% ... 1-year survivors and non-survivors in our study, including lower BMI and eGFR levels and higher cTn and ASAT levels in non-survivors More 1-year survivors were treated with beta-blocker and ARB, diuretics,...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:21

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:14

... long- term and short- term The long- term prognostics determine the remaining useful tool life as a random variable, and could contribute to the scheduling of future machining requirements The short- term ... Results and discussion 109 4.3.1 Force prediction 109 4.4 Combination of Short term and long term prognostics 118 4.5 Conclusions 121 Chapter Conclusions and Future ... crater wear, notch wear, chipping and breakage[18] Flank wear occurs on the tool flank face, and is measured by average wear land width (VB) and maximum wear land width (VBmax) as Figure 2.2 Three...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:14

... …………………………………………… …………….……….…78 V Long- range and Short- range Orders, and Phase Miscibility of CoCrPt/Ti Thin Films …………………………………………… …… ….79 5.1 Sample preparation and characterizations.….………………………… ... coercivity and squareness resulted from the combined effects of higher crystallinity and better texture of the CoCrPt (002) film, and increased interface roughness The LRO and SRO and phase miscibility ... the lattice planes of Si (111), Ag (111), Ti (0001), and Co (0001) viewed from Si and [111], and Co and Ti [0001] directions, every corner and center of the hexagonal lattice represent a given...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 17:11

... permission ABSTRACT Short and Long Term Performance of Canadian TSE-Listed Acquirers Roxanne Williams Using 771 acquisitions during 1988-1998, this study empirically tests shortand long- term security ... The cumulative abnormal return (CAR) and the buy -and- hold abnormal return (BHAR) methods were use for the short- and the long- term studies respectively In the short- run study, using the dummy variable ... presented W e compare and empirically test two control firms approaches in the spirit of Barber and Lyon (1997) and Longhran and Vigh (1997) over a one year pre-announcement period and three year post-announcement...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 16:58

... điện cho cách hai tuần)             When? How long? For and Since Unit 12 When? How long? For and Since A Hãy so sánh When ? (+ Past simple) How long .? (+present perfect): A: When did it start ... first met a long time ago / when they were at school Họ gặp lần lâu / họ học A: How long have Joe and Carol known each other? Joe Carol biết rồi? B: They’ve known each other for a long time / ... Thể nghi vấn là: How long is it since…? How long is it since you last saw Joe ? (= When did you last see Joe? = Bạn gặp Joe lần cuối nào?) Đã từ bạn gặp Joe lần cuối ? How long is it since Mrs...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 19:18

... feasibility of heat and mass transfer, performance requirements, and bounds on availabilities and demands The logical conditions provide the connection between the continuous and integer variables ... (e.g., Outer Approximation and its variants with Equality Relaxation and Augmented Penalty, and Generalized Outer Approximation), and (iii) comparison between decomposition- and linearization-based ... elementary notions of mixed -integer linear optimization first and to the theory and methods of mixed -integer nonlinear optimization next, which are not discussed in other textbooks, and (iii) to consider...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 11:35

... Section 2.1 SYSTEM AND CHANNEL MODELS System model In the following discussion, all the quantities indexed with l belong to the lth symbol A simplified OFDM system W.-L Chin and S.-G Chen model ... +nδ +1 is the combined ICI and AWGN caused by the CFO, SCFO, AWGN, and doubly-selective channels Note that in (10), the following notations are used: WN e− j2π/N , and N −m[ψl,n ,nδ −(lNS +τ)] ... 2 2 where σX is the signal power and C τ =0 σhτ /N = σH /N Similarly, with is the total channel power normalized by N (11) and (1), the power of combined ICI and AWGN can be shown to be N k,0...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 22:20

... signal CBR and VBR stand for constant bit rate and variable bit rate, respectively SIF stands for source input format HalfD1 stands for video size of 352 × 480 pixels for one frame FullD1 stands for ... October 2005 H Cordova, P Boets, and L Van Biesen, “Analysis and applications of Wi-MAX standard: forecasting the trends” J Crouse, M D’alessandro, and F Lengerich, “WiMAX and the future of wireless ... needed and can be used where they are more in demand for search and rescue or relief operations As mentioned in the introduction, this unit is the first of its kind and currently has the longest...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 06:20

... Thể nghi vấn là: How long is it since…? How long is it since you last saw Joe ? (= When did you last see Joe? = Bạn gặp Joe lần cuối nào?) Đã từ bạn gặp Joe lần cuối ? How long is it since Mrs ... life….) I’ve lived here all my life (không nói “for all my life”) Tôi sống đời C Ta nói “It’s (a long time / two years…) since something happened”: It’s two years since I last saw Joe (= I haven’t...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 20:20

... E-Learning – Long- Distance and Lifelong Perspectives, Edited by Elvis Pontes, Anderson Silva, Adilson Guelfi and Sérgio Takeo Kofuji p cm ISBN 978-953-51-0250-2 Contents Preface IX Part Long- Distance ... E-learning challenges, opening a way to understand and discuss questions related to long- distance and lifelong learning, E-learning for people with special needs and, lastly, presenting case study about ... to each E-Learning – Long- Distance and Lifelong Perspectives individual student, this would hamper the system and would reduce its effectiveness To ignore these shortcomings and to multiply the...

Ngày tải lên: 26/06/2014, 23:20

... E-Learning – Long- Distance and Lifelong Perspectives, Edited by Elvis Pontes, Anderson Silva, Adilson Guelfi and Sérgio Takeo Kofuji p cm ISBN 978-953-51-0250-2 Contents Preface IX Part Long- Distance ... E-learning challenges, opening a way to understand and discuss questions related to long- distance and lifelong learning, E-learning for people with special needs and, lastly, presenting case study about ... to each E-Learning – Long- Distance and Lifelong Perspectives individual student, this would hamper the system and would reduce its effectiveness To ignore these shortcomings and to multiply the...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 17:20

... lúc A: When did Joe and Carol first meet? Joe Carol gặp lần vậy? B: They first met a long time ago / when they were at school Họ gặp lần lâu / họ học A: How long have Joe and Carol known each ... Thể nghi vấn là: How long is it since…? How long is it since you last saw Joe ? (= When did you last see Joe? = Bạn gặp Joe lần cuối nào?) Đã từ bạn gặp Joe lần cuối ? How long is it since Mrs ... life….) I’ve lived here all my life (không nói “for all my life”) Tôi sống đời C Ta nói “It’s (a long time / two years…) since something happened”: It’s two years since I last saw Joe (= I haven’t...

Ngày tải lên: 12/07/2014, 17:20