initialize a basic data model

... actions that define the relationship between each pair of entities, and label the line with the relationship verb This is the initial ER diagram for the logical data model Answer in v04_160 9a_ act42-1.bmp ... cardinality and existence characteristics of each of the relationships defined in Exercise ! Identify cardinality For each relationship on your ER diagram, ask the question “How many of the parent ... v04_160 9a_ act42-1.bmp Activity 4.2: Creating a Logical Data Model Exercise 2: Determining Cardinality and Existence In this exercise, you will use the syntax discussed in the module to identify the cardinality...

Ngày tải lên: 21/12/2013, 06:16

... annotation data from the base data and introduces references from the annotations to the base data, thus allowing to keep multiple layers of annotations on the same base data separate Today XML has ... contain the same base data The base data is extracted and kept in a text file and the annotation layers each in an XML file The PACE-Ling data model substitutes text nodes from the XML data model by ... which are identified by a name and bear a value This data model is immediately suitable for simple text annotations For example in a positional annotation, name-value pairs (features) can be assigned...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... (i.e span) of basedata elements (Figure 2) Normally, however, a markable is also associated with arbitrarily many user-defined attribute-value pairs (Figure 3, Figure 4) Markables can also be ... with a capital letter Markables are the carriers of the actual annotation information They can be queried by means of string matching and by means of attribute-value combinations A markable query ... can have any string value, while nominal attributes can have one of a (user-defined) closed set of possible values The data model also supports associative relations between markables: Markable...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 04:22

... timing data of annotator A, and from 0.464 to 0.6185 on the data of annotator B These numbers clearly demonstrate that annotation costs are more adequately modelled by the additional features ... tasks (such as gaze duration and gaze movements for named entity annotation) to explanatory models (in our case, a timebased cost model for annotation) follows a much warranted avenue in research ... semantic complexity Additionally, this automatically generated classification was manually checked and, if necessary, revised by two annotation experts For instance, if an annotation phrase contained...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

... we want to make sure that we are all on the same page Databases What is a database? The simple answer is that a database is anything that contains information A database can be either logical ... look at the various data types used in logical data modeling www.it-ebooks.info 26 Chapter Elements Used in Logical Data Models Alphanumeric All data models contain alphanumeric data: any data in ... databases, we are referring to relational databases that contain collections of tables that can relate to one another Relational Database Management Systems A relational database management system...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 21:22

... recognized as a suitable alternative to the conventional multivariate mixed model to describe genetic and phenotypic variation for longitudinal data, i.e typically data with many, ’repeated’ measurements ... ’infinite-dimensional’ equivalent to covariance matrices in a traditional, ’finite’ multivariate analysis [15] As the name indicates, a covariance function (CF) describes the covariance between records taken at ... illustrated with an application to beef cattle data 2 ESTIMATION OF COVARIANCE FUNCTIONS 2.1 Model of analysis 2.1.1 Finite-dimensional model Consider an animal model with y2! the observation for animali...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21

... research aims The XGAP data format can be used to represent and exchange all raw, intermediate and result data associated with an investigation, and an XGAP database, for instance, can be used as a ... subjects and traits To understand basic data in XGAP, newcomers just have to learn that all data are stored as Data matrices with each DataElement describing an observation on Subjects and/or Traits ... database (R/API) In R, retrieve all Traits, Markers, expression Data, and genotype Data from an investigation as data matrices, before QTL mapping with MetaNetwork (R/API) In Java, retrieve a...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:21

... measured biological components are automatically matched to the model variables For example, gene expression data are automatically matched to the corresponding mRNA variables, and protein measurements ... the paper RS conceived and supervised the study and co-wrote the paper Additional data files The following additional data are available with the online version of this paper Additional data file ... A 'system state' is an assignment of states to all the variables in the model The user can dynamically design an experimental treatment scenario and visually analyze the system state on the model...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain Unidad de Genética Cuantitativa y Mejora Animal, Departamento de Anatom a, Embriolog a y Genética, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, ... Linear animal Model (TLM) A standard alternative for analysis of categorical data such as CON and FAT scores is the threshold linear model or TLM [3-5] Using TLM, sex, parity and age at slaughter ... data model for analysis of discrete data while maintaining the assumption of proportional hazards Ducrocq [8] reparameterized and extended grouped data models to include random effects for animal...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... a Standard deviations are given as a subscript Environmental parameters used in models and are calculated in the same way, leading to the same correlation between simulated herd effects and calculated ... environment (a1 and ms1 ): a= where and a0 = a1 a0 a1 + sire a0 a1 + dam ms0 , ms1    a0 a0 ,a1     , ms = ms0 ∼ N(0, Var(ms))    Var (a) =     ms1 a0 ,a1 a1    /2 a0 /2 a0 ,a1   ... model and the model used to analyse the data, were as similar as possible One of the major differences between the simulation and estimation models was that EP in model and were calculated as phenotypic...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22

... exergoeconomic analysis of the system at each iteration and on several qualitative and quantitative objective criteria, a hierarchical classification of the system components, and the associated subsets ... Exergy accounting: Capabilities and drawbacks Energy 2006, 31(1), 164-180 Giannantoni C., Lazzaretto A. , Macor A. , Mirandola A. , Stoppato A. , Tonon S., Ulgiati S Multicriteria approach for the improvement ... 1972 Holland J.H Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems The University of Michigan Press: Ann Arbor, 1975 Okamoto M., Nonaka T., Ochiai S., Tominaga D Nonlinear numerical optimization with...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:30

... support to MFIs amongst lower income populations The data was tabulated and analyzed through qualitative analysis of the gathered data, which reveal the behaviors and decision making patterns in lower ... behavioral and attitudinal aspects of individuals An in-depth analysis in each of the broad parameters revealed the following: Educational Facet Education plays a vital role in shaping up a personality ... including educational, communal, cultural, political and economic facets The questionnaire also evaluated the level of awareness about MFIs, availability and accessibility to MFIs, and impact of Government...

Ngày tải lên: 06/09/2013, 05:48

... interface might be suspect The advantages and disadvantages of the ROM emulator are listed in Table 6.2 Table 6.2: Advantages/disadvantages of ROM emulator Advantages of the ROM emulator Disadvantages ... section explains, a ROM emulator offers many other advantages as well The advantages and disadvantages of the debug kernel are summarized in Table 6.1 Table 6.1: Advantages/disadvantages of the ... usually an issue A little later, you’ll read about the advantages of real-time trace as a way to view code flow Some ROM emulators also offer this feature so that you can take a snapshot of real-time...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2013, 01:20

... ■■ Auto-update the model If the underlying database objects change in a way that affects the model, you can refresh the model by using the Update Model From Database shortcut command through a ... relates to the conceptual model Note  Although you can build a storage layer manually using the SSDL schema language, and although the Entity Data Model Wizard generates SSDL content based on an ... importing existing database logical objects into a new Framework model Now that you have an accessible model, you can write code that queries the data managed by that model The next two chapters introduce...

Ngày tải lên: 03/10/2013, 00:20

... Page 55 CHAPTER s DATA MODELS, DATASETS, AND THE ADO.NET INTERFACE Figure 3-4 Database node after attaching RealWorld sample database Gathering Data into a Dataset As I explained to you in the ... the database A dataset like this is also commonly known as a typed dataset We create a typed dataset by deriving it from the base dataset class It has all the functionality that the base dataset ... know about datasets? Well, all you have to know is how to create a dataset and a data table inside the dataset Starting in Chapter 4, you’ll notice that each reporting project makes use of a dataset...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2013, 08:48

... CHAPTER 32 A two-factor model (Duffie & Kan) 323 We first solve (1) and (2) simultaneously numerically, and then integrate (3) to obtain the function A  32.3 Calibration Let 0 be given The value ... X1t and X2 t, which implies that C1  0 = 0; C2  0 = 0; A  = 0: We must choose the parameters a1 1; a1 2; b1; a2 1 ; a2 2; b2; so that these three equations are satisfied ; 2; ; 1; ; 2; 324 ... we have set up the model so that X2t is the yield at time t of a bond maturing at time t + Thus X2t = X1tC1  + X2tC2 0 + A 0 : This equation must hold for every value of X1t and...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 02:20

... should map directly to tables within a relational database Good logical design is extremely important for good database design Tables can store a wide variety of data A table can contain a name, address, ... fixed-precision data range Integer (whole number) data Money Most system-supplied data types fall within a generic set of types Fixed-length binary data Fixed-length character data Date and time data Float ... The disadvantage is that the data is located in fewer places, thus creating tables with more fields and possibly duplicating data across tables " Data that appears in more than one place can get...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 19:15