infectious diarrhea and bacterial food poisoning

... deaths are directly attributable to acute diarrheal illnesses In addition, by contributing to malnutrition and thereby reducing resistance to other infectious agents, gastrointestinal illnesses ... to cause disease, reviews host defense mechanisms, and delineates an approach to the evaluation and treatment of patients presenting with acute diarrhea Individual organisms causing acute gastrointestinal ... acute gastrointestinal illnesses is matched by the wide variety of infectious agents involved, including viruses, bacteria, and parasitic pathogens (Table 122-1) This chapter discusses factors...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... cause watery diarrhea by acting directly on secretory mechanisms in the intestinal mucosa; cytotoxins, which cause destruction of mucosal cells and associated inflammatory diarrhea; and neurotoxins, ... of fluid and the production of diarrhea Enterotoxigenic strains of E coli may produce a protein called heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) that is similar to cholera toxin and causes secretory diarrhea ... form of which causes diarrhea by activation of guanylate cyclase and elevation of intracellular cyclic GMP Some enterotoxigenic strains of E coli produce both LT and ST Bacterial cytotoxins,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... to the Patient: Infectious Diarrhea or Bacterial Food Poisoning The approach to the patient with possible infectious diarrhea or bacterial food poisoning is shown in Fig 122-1 Figure 122-1 Clinical ... communityacquired infectious diarrhea or bacterial food poisoning Key to superscripts: Diarrhea lasting >2 weeks is generally defined as chronic; in such cases, many of the causes of acute diarrhea are ... shigellosis, and norovirus infection A polymorphism in the interleukin gene is associated with increased risk of diarrhea from enteroaggregative E coli Approach to the Patient: Infectious Diarrhea or Bacterial...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... leukocytes, is more sensitive and is available in latex agglutination and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay formats Causes of acute infectious diarrhea, categorized as inflammatory and noninflammatory, ... observed Table 122-2 Post -Diarrhea Complications of Acute Infectious Diarrheal Illness Complication Comments Chronic diarrhea Occurs in ~1% of travelers with acute diarrhea Lactase deficiency ... regions of Asia, Africa, and Central and South America each year, 20–50% experience a sudden onset of abdominal cramps, anorexia, and watery diarrhea; thus traveler's diarrhea is the most common...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... Thailand Plesiomonas Related to tropical travel and seafood consumption Vibrio cholerae 0–10 Most common in India and Asia; also common in Central and South America Rotavirus and 10–40 Latin and ... with seafood ingestion on cruise ships Entamoeba histolytica Giardia lamblia Particularly important in Mexico and Thailand

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... onset of the diarrhea after a meal can provide clues to the bacterial cause of the illness Potential causes of bacterial food poisoning are shown in Table 122-4 Table 122-4 Bacterial Food Poisoning ... history and the stool examination indicate a noninflammatory etiology of diarrhea and there is evidence of a common-source outbreak, questions concerning the ingestion of specific foods and the ... picnics where potato salad, mayonnaise, and cream pastries have been served offer classic examples of staphylococcal food poisoning Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramping are common, while...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... Not all food poisoning has a bacterial cause Nonbacterial agents of shortincubation food poisoning include capsaicin, which is found in hot peppers, and a variety of toxins found in fish and shellfish ... sorbitol MacConkey plates Fresh stools should be examined for amebic cysts and trophozoites Infectious Diarrhea or Bacterial Food Poisoning: Treatment In many cases, a specific diagnosis is not necessary ... Evaluation of nosocomial diarrhea should initially focus on C difficile; stool culture for other pathogens in this setting has an extremely low yield and is not cost-effective Toxins A and B produced by...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... in Mandell, Douglas and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 5th ed, GL Mandell et al (eds) Philadelphia, Churchill Livingstone, 2000, Chap 81 Koo HL, DuPont HL: Current and ... masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trials Lancet Infect Dis 6:374, 2006 [PMID: 16728323] Tauxe RV et al: Foodborne disease, in Mandell, Douglas and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious ... impact on the worldwide morbidity and mortality associated with diarrheal diseases has led to intense efforts to develop effective vaccines against the common bacterial and viral enteric pathogens...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... Mullin, W 1983 Glucosinolates and their breakdown products in food and food plants Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 18 (2): 123–201 402 E Shaaya and M Kostyukovsky Hassalani, A., Lwande, W 1989 Anti pest secondary ... comply with health and environmental standards, as alternatives to methyl bromide and phosphine for the preservation of grain and dry food C7 H6 O was less active than CH3 I and CS2 in space fumigation ... essential oils and their terpenoids, and their use in cosmetics and as flavoring agents in food and beverages, is a good indication of their relative safety to warm-blooded animals and humans They...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 05:20

... information on infectious disease threats and impacts, responses to date, the evolution of connections between infectious disease and national security, and key U.S and global policies and initiatives ... our RAND colleagues Terri Tanielian, Michael A Wermuth, and C Ross Anthony for their careful and critical review of this work, and to Terri Tanielian and James Dobbins for their supportive and ... a pandemic would be enabled by globalization—frequent and unencumbered travel and trade xiii xiv Infectious Disease and National Security: Strategic Information Needs The preparations for pandemic...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... Molecular and Microbial Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia Dương Thị Kim Loan, 2009 Phát triển qui trình mPCR (multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction) phát IHHNV (Infectious hypodermal and ... L Song, J Huang, C Y Shi, Q H Liu and L Liu 2006 A singel-step multiplex PCR for simultaneous detection of white spot syndrome virus and infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosic virus ... Actin tế bào chất Đối với động vật có xương sống thực vật actin tồn dạng actin tế bào chất (Vandekerekhove and Weber, 1984) Vì sử dụng với vai trò nội chẩn, ưu giúp kiểm soát trường hợp âm tính giả...

Ngày tải lên: 25/02/2014, 02:20

Ngày tải lên: 25/02/2014, 04:20

... article is to review and evaluate the available epidemiological evidence about the association between dietary exposure to preformed nitrosamine and related food intake and gastric and oesophageal ... type and quality of dietary assessment method, number and type of food items; results including the most fully adjusted odds ratio or rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the highest and ... two groups: nitrosamines and nitrites; food sources of endogenous (red meat) and exogenous (processed meat, beer, pickled and dried vegetables, smoked fish or meat, salted and dried fish or meat)...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 02:21

... extent, causes, and means of prevention of food poisoning seem pressing subjects for investigation THE EXTENT OF FOOD POISONING Since cases of food poisoning, "ptomain poisoning, " and the like are ... Food Poisoning Various Kinds of Food Poisoning The Articles of Food Most Commonly Connected with Food Poisoning II SENSITIZATION TO PROTEIN FOODS III POISONOUS PLANTS AND ANIMALS 13 Poisonous Plants ... animal foods, and especially milk and its derivatives, cheese and ice-cream, have likewise been held responsible for extensive and notable outbreaks Perhaps the most significant feature of food poisoning...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 20:20

... pP{UAST} vector [18] Fly strains and bacterial infections Oregon-R and ywDD1; cnbw wild-type flies were used throughout this study [19] Flies were maintained on a standard cornmeal medium at 25 °C ... tube containing two layers of caesium chloride (5% and 40%), and ultracentrifuged for 16 h at 36 000 g at 15 °C The virus band was collected and DCV was recovered by centrifugation (25 000 g, ... kept on standard medium at 22 °C, and counted daily Microscopic observations For observation of GFP expression patterns, live flies and larvae were anaesthetized with ether or on ice, and viewed...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... David H Rosenbloom, Katherine C Naff, and Albert C Hyde 93 Handbook of Crisis and Emergency Management, edited by Ali Farazmand 94 Handbook of Comparative and Development Public Administration: ... will require creative planning and cooperation at the local, state, and national level and as certainly will demand coordination, planning, and funding by public and private means Second, the ... Rosenbloom and Richard D Schwartz 55 Handbook of Bureaucracy, edited by Ali Farazmand 56 Handbook of Public Sector Labor Relations, edited by Jack Rabin, Thomas Vocino, W Bartley Hildreth, and Gerald...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 05:20

... OF FOOD SAFETY, T.J Montville and D.G Hoover JOURNAL OF TEXTURE STUDIES, M.C Bourne and M.A Rao Newsletters MICROWAVES AND FOOD, R.V Decareau FOOD INDUSTRY REPORT, G.C Melson FOOD, NUTRITION AND ... OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY, N.F Haard, H Swaisgood and B Wasserman JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESS ENGINEERING, D.R Heldman and R.P Singh JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION, D.B Lund JOURNAL OF FOOD ... ANTINUTRIENTS AND NATURAL TOXICANTS IN FOOD, R.L Ory UTILIZATION OF PROTEIN RESOURCES, D.W Stanley et al POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, H.O Hultin and M Milner Journals JOURNAL OF FOOD LIPIDS,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 02:20

... product development, e.g food miles, availability of seasonal foods Processes and manufacture Candidates should know and understand that food products are developed and made safe to eat by combining ... preparation and storage, e.g investigate the effects of chilling and freezing on different foods; • Understand the need for and apply appropriate hygiene and safety procedures: to ensure safe food handling ... select and communicate knowledge and understanding in design and technology including its wider effects AO2 Apply knowledge, understanding and skills in a variety of contexts and in designing and...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 00:20

... health and selected foodstuffs Pensioner’s access to food The elderly reported an increased access to food for them and their households with the introduction of the pension money Access to food ... results and conclusions: SA Jointly developed the structure and arguments for the paper: AR and SA Made critical revisions and approved final version: AR and SA All authors reviewed and approved ... the common foods pensioners ate and whether they were able to satisfy their hunger, and their ability to access health care Data were cleaned by checking and correcting entry errors and inconsistencies,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 14:20

... for food production, processing, and delivery As detailed in the chapter, laser confocal microsco py is proving to be a valuable tool for monitoring and visualizing foods in their natural and ... distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited 4 Confocal Laser Microscopy - Principles and Applications in Medicine, Biology, and the Food Sciences cells, and ... Microscopy - Principles and Applications in Medicine, Biology, and the Food Sciences, Edited by Neil Lagali p cm ISBN 978-953-51-1056-9 free online editions of InTech Books and Journals can be found...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:20