industrial strategies for the discovery of bioactive compounds from plants

... Times),3 and the “invasion of the sovereign wealth funds” (The Economist).4 To some of us, the financial market turmoil that started in the summer of 2007 reflects the secular transformation of the global ... make their living from predicting the course of the most influential interest rate in the world— the fed funds rate In the middle of 2006, with the rate at 51⁄4 percent, the vast majority of Fed ... this time, the high-profile casualties were the CEOs of some of the most influential banks in the world and other senior corporate officials The list of aberrations goes on Interestingly, the numerous...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2014, 18:46

Ngày tải lên: 27/03/2015, 14:38

... for the future management of the parks and reserves of the zones As we visit the remote areas of the peninsula, we inform the communities about what we are doing and also obtain information from ... obtain information about the history of the fauna, native plant knowledge, and the presence and problems related to the primates Training students from the Biology School of the University of Panama ... Conclusion The conservation activities for these species have been developed with the strong support of volunteers from the local communities, the University of Panama, and the support of national...

Ngày tải lên: 04/09/2015, 08:01

... widely used for the analysis of the pollutants It is routinely used not only in the analysis of thermally labile, non-volatile ionic compounds but for all types of molecules from the smallest ... incidentally is the fourth, most common cancer in Singapore For the better understanding of the role of xenobiotics in the progression of ovarian cancer, it is necessary to monitor the levels of these ... the progress of disease or the effects of treatment 12 Chapter However, the final effect of xenobiotic exposure is not related to the action of a single chemical, but to the combined effect of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:08

... [5-8] Therefore, determining the level of estrogens in these body fluids would be very important for the study of their roles in the carcinogenesis of ovarian and breast cancer The role of estrogen ... to the extraction from a limited amount of sample The judicious choice of sorbent materials, and therefore to some extent, the selectivity of µ-SPE can be fine-tuned With the protection afforded ... section was then trimmed off from the main membrane sheet The former was then cut (at ~1.5 cm intervals) into individual (2 cm × 1.5 cm) pieces One of the two open ends of each piece was then heat-sealed...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:08

... biplot, the observations are the samples and the variables are the chemicals present in those samples In a biplot, the length of the lines approximates the variances of the variables The longer the ... data The goodness of the biplot approximation depends on the axes and the points As for the points, the `quality' of the PCA approximation is found from the R program In this case, the quality 0.627 ... dimensions of the biplot Generally, for a good PCA approximation, the points and axes are always appears above the diagonal in the unit square The further to the right a point or axis appears, the better...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:09

... remote regions far from their source of origin [1, 2] The half-life of PCBs in the blood ranges from < to > 10 years, depending on the congener [3, 4] PCBs can be measured in most of the general population ... 320˚C (hold for 10 min) µL of the sample was injected into the GC-MS in splitless mode and the total GC-MS analysis time was 55.00 SIM mode employed for the set of target PCB compounds The method ... dynamic partitioning of the PCBs between the sorbent material and the sample solution, the extraction efficiency depends on the mass transfer of analyte from the aqueous sample to the solid sorbent...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:09

... emphasized in the search for the possible causes of cancer The International Agency for Research on Cancer has proposed trace elements for their carcinogenesis [4, 5] Some of them or their compounds ... environmental exposure [1-3] The number of elements of interest has increased in the recent decade, not only the trace metals but the heavy metals as well The study of the role of the trace elements has ... wavelength of the photons can be used to identify the elements from which they originated The total number of photons is directly proportional to the concentration of the originating element in the...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:09

... into the GC syringe and the needle of the syringe was inserted into hollow fibre to about 0.2 cm of the tip of the syringe needle was covered by it The hollow fibre was then dipped into the organic ... that of human the prediction of rate of accumulation of estrogens in zebrafish can reveal the effects of xenobiotic estrogens on humans [12] There is a direct correlation between the rate of bioaccumulation ... based on the nature of the compounds The solvent would have to match the polarity of the compound as closely as possible so as to maximize extraction efficiency The solvent should possess the following...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:09

... molecular mass of polypeptides The speed of migration is dependent on the size of the ‘pores’ in the gel mesh which is in turn determined by the percentage of acrylamide present in the gel The polyacrylamide ... However, as of today, there is no known crystal structure of the protein available Therefore, in an attempt to further comprehend the molecular factors of the biological activity and the chemistry involved, ... Hence analysis of those body fluids by proteomic studies for quantification of endorepellin will lead to the clue about the state of the tumour cells Electrophoresis is the separation of macromolecules...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:09

... effect on the malignant transformation and etiologic research of cancer Based on the conclusions drawn from the current work, the following implications are made for further studies: 1) For profiling ... and estrogenic compounds Further, the type of sample also is an important criterion to achieve the aim of the study Ovarian tumor cyst fluids were analyzed for derive information on the xenobiotic ... extraction conditions For all procedures, quality assurance was evaluated to ensure the reliability of the results For most of the analysis GC-MS was used for the detection of analytes GC-MS method...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:09

... contain the exception to the transcription rule, prohibiting the application of the stress rule The information from the SEL (and from the CEL at the clusterlevel) will be used to infer the next ... the basis of the values of the word's word level attributes Application of the stress rule also returns either or -I The training mode operates in the same manner as the execution mode with the ... is then selected on the basis of values of the word features The process is repeated until a leaf node of the tree is reached The leaf node contains the value returned for that invocation of...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 05:21

... are formed in adsorption of reactant molecules on the semi-conducting surface; the formation of these is a function of the electronic properties of the solid, and the structure and kind of bonds ... choice and loading of the NM is a compromise between the required efficiency of the converter and the market price of the NM However, the application of noble metals for the treatment of exhaust gas ... represents the transport of products from the interior sites to the interface gas– solid of the washcoat and, finally, step represents the transport of products from the gas–solid interface to the bulk...

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 17:14

... on the other hand, is homozygous for the « high » allele (A All of the l ) l progeny from the standard cross have inherited the A allele from the father and are, therefore, heterozygous A The ... the gene pool Each isofemale line derived from this pool carries a sample of alleles, ranging from one extreme to the other (from p = 1.0 toq = 1.0) The relative frequency of each type of isofemale ... respect to the polygenic loci of interest, the genetic makeup of isofemale strains will differ as a function of the gene frequencies in the population and the probabilities of each type of mating...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:22

... B of Figure Because of the non-uniformity of the variance (the differences between each pair of insulin sensitivity indices depend on the values of the computed indices), the logarithms of the ... estimate an index of IR is, of course, crucial for any model aiming at being useful to diabetologists Part of the problem of the lack of identifiability of the SI from the MM may reside in the MM being ... concentrations as the true forcing function for glucose kinetics Figures and show the performance of the two models in terms of their ability to describe the observed data The apparent better fit of the Minimal...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:20

... in the evaluation of the performance of a classification algorithm The SN is the proportion of correct positive classifications out of the number of true positives The SP is the proportion of ... negative classifications out of the number of true negatives The accuracy is the total number of correct classifications out of the total number of samples The PPV is the probability that a patient ... level of accuracy shows the real potential for confident clinical assignment of therapies on an individual patient basis Then the prediction accuracy of the ensemble can be obtained using the standard...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 17:22

... co-localisation of cells with the endothelial network is a pericyte specific behaviour Further we analysed the ability of cells to stabilise the formed endothelial network Figure 1-5: Tubular network formation ... that early macrophages migrate from the yolk sac into the embryo proper before the vascularisation is established During the formation of the vascular network these macrophages were observed ... reduced in wounds of treated animals and the overall number of pericytes decreased (Rajkumar et al 2006) Therefore pericytes seem not to be necessary for the initial formation of blood vessels...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:13

... responsible for the hydroxylation of this imino acid The presence of hydroxyproline at this specific position appears to favor a specific conformation of the imino acid necessary for the packing of the ... In this chapter, the background and significance of the project is covered in the first section The second section presents the objectives of the project and the outline of the report 1.1 Project ... population of the whole area of the well For the FLUOstar, “matrix” 3×3 was used, whereas “matrix” 15×15 was used for the PHERAstar In 96-well plate format, “none” mode was used for FLUOstar since the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/10/2015, 11:07

... level match-sets are the reference gels of the respective quadrants from the 2D gel sections of each condition and the four higher-level match-sets are the reference gels of the two different conditions ... degrading entities [18] For example, the major role of the MMP family is the control of cellular responses critical to homeostatic regulation of the extracellular environment and the immune response ... Close-up view of one representative protein spot, namely, SSP 7006 LC-MS ⁄ MS analysis of candidate substrates confirmed the validity of this protease proteomic approach for the discovery of shortened...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 06:20

... search for sons: when one son is found, all of them can be picked up Then the father must stack up to De evidence for same future proposition level is open for further expansion To determine the ... the top of the tree, for are evidence Consider L to De a the tree, representing the lowest that can receive more evidence to dummy) For every node NEN on the the following: Another use of clues ... propositions Note then that we not expect to add evidence for a brother or uncle of L - these nodes are closed off, as only the last brother of any particular Notation: in the following discussion...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21