induced increases in nerve growth factor

... neurotrophic factor; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; IL-1β, interleukin-1beta; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; MAPK, mitogen activated protein kinase; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B; NGF, nerve growth ... absence blots detecting iNOS in total NGF in A: Western blots detecting iNOS in total protein extracts from PC12 cells treated for 24 hr with increasing concentrations of NGF in the presence or ... Neuroinflammation 2005, 2:19 Figure tor tyrosine (Both), in NGF and 10 or 24 hr with total protein K252a of 50 TNF, the recepforcombinedkinase inhibitorextracts ng/ml nM ofindividually iNOS in...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... homogenized in a solution containing mM EDTA, 0.5 mM aminoethylbenezenesulfonyl fluoride (AEBSF), μg/ml Leupeptin, μg/ml Aprotinin, 10 μg/ml Trypsin-Chymotrypsin inhibitor, μg/ml Pepstatin A (all ... apoptosis in the pathogenesis of emphysema Thus, several disease mechanisms are involved in the process, including inflammation, proteinase-anti-proteinase imbalance, and oxidative stress Apoptosis interacts ... signaling is considered mandatory for the maintenance of alveolar structures Placenta growth factor (PlGF) is an angiogenic growth factor, which is a 50-kDa glycosylated dimeric protein sharing...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... of pyridoxine injection On the fourth day of pyridoxine injection, all dogs held their hindlimb stiffly when standing These conditions were maintained until the end of the pyridoxine injection ... of pyridoxine intoxication in dogs In high doses, pyridoxine causes a selective degeneration of large and small myelinated sensory axons in the central and peripheral nerves, resulting in numbness ... determine the effect of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) vector-mediated gene transfer of the pdβ-NGF in vitro and gene therapy using recombinant pdβ-NGF plasmid in the dog model, having pyridoxine-induced...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 23:22

... indicate that growth factors such as nerve growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor (EGF), and hepatocyte growth factor can suppress apoptosis of ... protein Phosphorylated Bad is sequestered in the cytoplasm, preventing it from exerting its proapoptotic effect on mitochondria Nerve growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and fibroblast growth ... protein-tyrosine kinases in vivo and in vitro Cell 57, 1109–1122 18 Holgado-Madruga M, Emlet DR, Moscatello DK, Godwin AK & Wong AJ (1996) A Grb2-associated docking protein in EGF- and insulin-receptor...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 06:20

... implicated in multiple interdependent signals between pathways originating from receptor serine/threonine kinases and receptor tyrosine kinases Cellular responses induced by bone morphogenetic protein ... J Biochem 271) 921 In contrast to TGF-b signaling through receptor serine/ threonine kinases, nerve growth factor (NGF) signals via a tyrosine kinase receptor (TrkA) which initiates multiple ... Constantinescu, S.N., Karam, E., Weinberg, R.A & Lodish, H.F (1997) Transforming growth factor- binduced phosphorylation of Smad3 is required for growth inhibition and transcriptional induction in...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 16:20

... floating methods Alternate sections were preincubated in PB containing 0.3% Triton X-100, 1% normal goat serum and 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) for hours The sections were then incubated in the ... midbrain, NGF-IR was found in the internal geniculum of facial nerve after PND (Fig 4D), observed well fine at PNW2 (Fig 1C) and the nucleus of the spinal tract of the trigerminal nerve (Fig 1D) In ... survival responsiveness to brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin and neurotrophin 4/5, but not to nerve growth factor, in cultured motor neurons from chick embryo spinal cord J Neurosci 1998,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 15:20

... four neurotrophins (nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived growth factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin (NT)-3, NT-4) and their corresponding receptors (high-affinity receptors tyrosine kinase (trk)A, ... resuspended again in saponin buffer PE-labeled streptavidin (SA-PE, Becton Dickinson, Heidelberg, Germany) for secondary staining of biotinylated NGF was added and cells were incubated for 30 minutes ... mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway involving the c-jun N-terminal, the p38, and the extracellular-regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2) all of which have been identified in arthritis as well Interestingly,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:21

... significant increases in NGF in surgical degenerate NP samples, which correlates with increases in the expression of MMP-10 The findings also demonstrate a strong correlation between increases in NGF ... appears to involve the induced or enhanced expression of both the neurotrophin NGF and MMP-10 Increases in IL-1 may both directly stimulate the expression of MMP-10 and cause indirect increases in MMP-10 ... of nerve growth factor- regulated genes important for neuronal differentiation including genes encoding urokinase plasminogen activator receptor and matrix metalloproteinase 3/10 Mol Endocrinol...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... were cultured in DMEM with cytokines tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α) (1 ng/mL) and interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β) (1 ng/mL) Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation Nerve growth factor (NGF), ... of PsA and RA Abbreviations ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; FLS, fibroblast-like synoviocyte; NGF, nerve growth factor; NGF-R, nerve growth factor receptor; OA, osteoarthritis; PsA, ... that degrade cartilage and underlying cortical bone [4] We noticed that proinflammatory cytokines upregulate NGF/TrkA in FLSs, NGF/TrkA is upregulated in FLSs of in ammatory arthritis (Table 1),...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:21

... activity in HUVEC Increases in cAMP levels and the activation of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) may be involved [44] Indeed, PKA inhibits the MAP kinase pathway by blocking Raf1 activity in ... downstream from PLCc in the signalling cascade induced by VEGF121 This mechanism may be also involved in the inhibition of VEGF165 -induced ERK activation Indeed, PF-4 only partially inhibited the phosphorylation ... an intracellular mechanism involving the modulation of Raf1 activity The inhibition of the MAP kinase pathway by an intracellular mechanism induced by PF-4 suggests that this chemokine may induce...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... Src–SH2 binding protein We observed that MVP interacts with Src in mammalian cells and inhibits the activity of Src tyrosine kinase Results Isolation of MVP as Src–SH2 interacting protein by GS–SH2 ... MVP inhibit Src activity? In the inactive state, Src folds up with phosphorylated Tyr527 in the C-terminal tail binding to the SH2 domain The ligand binding surfaces of the SH2 and SH3 domains ... showed that in vivo Src–MVP interaction was also EGF signal dependent and Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor (PP2) blocked the EGF induced interaction (C) 253J cells seeded onto coverslips in DMEM with...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... avoid inherent problems of interpretation Angiogenic factors of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) [5,8,9,20], vessel endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [9,10,16,24] and epidermal growth factor ... endothelial growth factor -induced angiogenesis suppress tumor growth in vivo Nature 1993, 362, 841-844 18 Lambiase, A., Manni, L., Bonini, S., Rama, P., Micera, A and Aloe, L Nerve growth factor promotes ... fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor and nerve growth factor on neuron survival and neovascularization of superior cervical ganglion transplanted into the third ventricle in rats Jpn...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 15:20

... Discussion PKR is a serine/threonine protein kinase that can phosphorylate a limited number of cellular proteins, including the eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), resulting in a block on translation ... (Fig 3b) 2-aminopurine inhibits proteoglycan release from bovine articular cartilage A role for PKR in C2-ceramide- and TNF-α -induced proteoglycan release was examined using the PKR inhibitor 2-AP ... significant, increase in levels of proMMP-2 and active MMP-2 in the media C2-ceramide -induced regulation of MMP-2 is abrogated by inhibition of PKR R48 To determine a role for PKR in ceramide-induced...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... smooth muscle actin (αSMA) staining in the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) tissue vasculature 3G5 (a, b) staining predominantly the tunica adventitia consisting of supporting tissue in the vasculature, ... in streptavidin-peroxidase complex (1:500; Dako), rinsed in distilled water, and incubated in fast-DAB (3,3'-diaminobenzidine) peroxidase substrate (Sigma-Aldrich) for minutes and counterstained ... particular benefit in increasing the production of matrix in cartilage tissue-engineered in vitro The inhibition of actin stress fibres by FGF-2 in adult human chondrocytes results in an upregulation...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:23

... useful model for understanding endostatin effects on cells Figure 164 only stained cells revealed binding of the APmESXVIII) affinity PC12 (c) staining of (a, d) proliferating and mVEGF (b) differentiated ... while AP-murine endostatin (APAlkaline phosphatase (AP) endothelial cells Alkaline phosphatase (AP) staining of (a, d) proliferating and (b) differentiated PC12 cells revealed binding of the APmVEGF164 ... anti-apoptotic signalling pathways used by nerve growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in PC12 cells: rescue by bFGF involves protein kinase C delta Biochem J 2000, 352 Pt 1:175-182...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:20

... et al., 1994; Inagaki et al., 1995) The remaining tyrosine residues once activated, promotes signaling by creating docking sites for adaptor proteins containing phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) or ... generated by PI3K will in turn, recruit many proteins containing the pleckstrin-homology domains to the membrane, including the Akt kinases and 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinases (PDKs) Akt is ... an innocent bystander 1.1.1 Neurotrophin family Nerve growth factor (NGF) belongs to the neurotrophin family Its other members include brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin (NT-3),...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 11:25

... polypeptide composed of a targeting moiety derived from loop 4-containing hairpin motif of NGF and a DNA-binding moiety of 10lysine sequence was expressed in E coli The recombinant cationic polypeptide ... germline gene therapy, in which both medical and ethical issues are deeply involved and in which sufficient knowledge from both somatic gene therapy in human and germline genetic engineering in ... this knowledge in gene delivery One possible way for targeting the DNA to the nucleus is to include the binding sites for karyophilic proteins in the transgene sequence With the binding of karyophilic...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 17:13

... inhibit protein synthesis and cell growth [2] The most well defined signaling mechanism regulating mTOR activity in skeletal muscle is the insulin like growth factor- 1 (IGF-1) ⁄ insulin-dependent ... rapamycin (mTOR) plays a critical role in regulating the rate of protein synthesis and cell hypertrophy in skeletal muscle [3–6] mTOR is a serine ⁄ threonine kinase of the phosphatidylinositol kinase-related ... reported in the present study comprise the first evidence obtained in skeletal muscle cells demonstrating how growth factor -induced PI3K ⁄ Akt activation regulates mTOR activity by modulating the interaction...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 11:20

... dual tyrosine/ threonine kinases responsive to pro -in ammatory cytokines and environmental stress [24] However, there is increasing evidence that the p38MAPK pathways are involved in important ... was routinely performed Fig NO• inhibits DNA synthesis by a cGMP-independent mechanism Incorporation of [methyl-3H]thymidine into DNA was determined as described in Experimental procedures in confluent ... Jr (1998) Epidermal growth factor -induced growth inhibition requires Stat1 activation Cell Growth Differ 9, 505–512 34 Laemmli, U.K (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 03:20

... circulating inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance found in obese individuals It is also possible that the inflammatory phenotype induced by thrombin in obesity promotes vascular inflammation ... http://www.journal-inflammation.com/content/6/1/4 5000 Thrombin Thrombin Thrombin 1U 10 U + Lepirudin * 4000 ‡ 3000 2000 1000 PBS Thrombin Thrombin Thrombin 1U 10 U + Lepirudin PBS Thrombin Thrombin Thrombin ... Thrombin Thrombin Thrombin 1U + Lepirudin 10 U Thrombin Thrombin Thrombin 10 U + Lepirudin 1U 70000 6000 PBS PBS Adipose Tissue IL-6 pg/ml 4000 1000 Thrombin Thrombin Thrombin 10 U + Lepirudin 1U...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:22