... are in- putted subsequently. In a bipartite program in which the grammar is written into the algorithm, such as is the case inthe approach this author has taken, the question of whether the ... main routine with appropriate subroutines. This raises the further question of the functions and design of the executive routine and sub- routines. In this type of parsing program, the function ... individual functions. The subroutines will be of two kinds: analytic sub- routines, the purpose of which will be to perform tasks of linguistic analysis such as the determination of the internal...
... Although in- corporation of this information reduced the num- ber of possible parses, the processing time in- creased because of the addition of the link nodes in the grammar. 2 Constraint Grammar ... the system assigns all of the possible roles the words can have by applying the lexical constraints (which specify legal word categories) and allowing the word to modify all the remaining ... words inthe sentence or no words at all. Each of the arcs in the network has associated with it a matrix whose row and column indices are the roles that the words can play inthe sentence. Initially,...
... good. 5 The boojum was used up the whatsit by the thingummy. 6 The whatsit was used up for the boojumby the thingummy. 7 The thingummy used up existing. 8 The thingummy used up the whatsit ... VEX presents the following list of sentences: I The thingummy used up. 2 The thingummy used the whatsit up. 3 The whatsit was used up by the thingummy. 4 The thingummy used the boojum ... from the user to determine which paradigm (or set of paradigms) occurs inthe same contexts as the word being defined, and then con- structs the new entries by making substi- tutions in these...
... discussed inthe paper. INTRODUCTION The SRICoreLanguage Engine (CLE) is a domain independent system for translat- ing English sentences into formal represen- tations of their literal meanings ... ing events. The operator set is introduced during scoping since collective/distributive distinctionsmlike scoping ambiguities are not present inthe initial QLF. We have extended the generalized ... the implicit relations involved inthe interpretation of possessives and compound nominals. The first two extensions inthe list are part of the LF language, to be described next, the other...
... Given the success of other countries in lowering the starting grade for language learning, we should offer the teaching of a foreign language starting from the first grades;- Given the fact ... English learning and teaching has helped Vietnam inthe new era of integration. On the other hand, the learning and teaching of English at the expense of other languages is posing serious issues.We ... enjoying the lion share inthe world market in general and inthe international labor market in particular, but many, including the native English speaking countries now are realizing that "English...
... on specific information in the text. The students have to use information inthe text to fill inthe provided blanks by inserting a single word or a group of words.Filling inthe blank is ... according to the text.1. Volunteers usually help those who are sick or old in their homes by A. mowing the lawns, doing shopping and cleaning up their housesB. cooking, sewing or washing their ... to the main points of the text for a full understanding. The students’ task is to read the text and use the information to complete the summary passage by filling inthe blanks with a single...
... of them: a) increasing the learners' self-confidence; and b) creating learner autonomy. Increasing the Learners' Self-confidence In an inherently face-threatening context, as thelanguage ... sticking to thelanguage materials and trying to discipline their refractory students, they will manage to create a classroom environment that will be conducive to learning. Nevertheless, these ... exhibit an inborn curiosity to explore the world, so they are likely to find the learning experience per se instrinsically pleasant. In reality, however, this “curiosity” is weakened by such inexorable...
... it is used, and the compiler will guarantee it. In contrast, the cast tells us something the programmer thinks is true at a single point in the code. The net effect, especially in large programs, ... really contains only instances of E, but:• The static type of the incoming collection might differ, perhaps because the callerdoesn’t know the precise type of the collection being passed in, or ... requires either:• the use of verbose anonymous factory classes at the call site, or161 IntroductionJDK 1.5 introduces several extensions to the Java programming language. One of theseis the introduction...
... everything that is present’.27 The ‘moving force’of the showing of saying that brings beings into their own is owningor appropriation that yields the opening of a clearing in which beingscan ... human others – the ethical is the universal – whereas God is the altogether other. But inthe hope of rescuing human singularity byseeing every human other as other than every other other, Levinascannot, ... precedes thematization in which ‘qualities gather themselvesinto things’. In a dense passage in which Celan’s poetry is seen tobring to the fore the proximity of the other as though the other wereencountered...
... receive mostof their schooling in English or French, depending on the area of the country in which they live. Because the major-ity of provinces in Canada offer educational instruction in English, ... successfully in the first language should be transferred to the second language. The main idea of this theory is that learning a second lan-guage does not hinder the progress of either, and, in fact,may ... languages. According to the lin-guistic interdependence hypothesis developed by Cummins(1979), children who have learning problems in their first language should show similar problems in their second...