improvement of cmp performance with surface modification of silica particles

... commercialization of nanofluids In this work, the stability of nano particles was studied by measuring the zeta potential of colloidal particles, particle concentration and size Two different sizes of silica ... dimensions of the particles, the volume fractions of particles in the suspensions and also the thermal properties of particle materials (Yimin and Wilfried, 2000) The use of Al2O3 particles of 13 ... diameter of the nanoparticles will increase with particles agglomeration, so it seems reasonable to expect that agglomeration of nanoparticles will have the same effect with the increase of nanoparticle...

Ngày tải lên: 07/04/2014, 23:05

... viscosity of nanofluid with gold nanoparticles is close to that of DI water The viscosity of nanofluid with carbon nanoparticles is 9% higher than that with gold nanoparticles As compared to a DMHP with ... viscosity of the nanofluid with carbon nanoparticles is about 12% higher than that of the DI water The volume fraction of carbon nanoparticles in the nanofluid is about 9.7% As compared with the nanofluid ... micrograph of the gold nanoparticles with an average diameter of 17 nm; the volume fraction of the gold nanoparticles in the nanofluid was about 0.17% There are several types of carbon nanoparticles...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... temperature [39] 2.2.4 Surface modification of magnetic particles In the absence of any surface modification, magnetic nano-sized particles exhibit hydrophobic surfaces with a large surface area to ... magnetic properties of the particles [39] Coating also can increase surface area to volume ratio of nano-sized magnetic particles Therefore, surface modification of magnetic nanoparticles is an important ... of magnetic particles 13 2.2.3 Preparation of magnetic particles 15 2.2.4 Surface modification of magnetic particles 17 2.2.5 Application of magnetic particles 19 2.2.5.1 Biotechnology and biomedical...

Ngày tải lên: 12/10/2015, 17:36

... cylindrical reactor with an internal diameter of 0.2 m and a height of 0.8 m (effective volume of 20 L) The ozonation system received sludge withdrawn continuously from the end of the anoxic tank ... volume, L) was filled with 1.5 L of spherical zirconium-ferrite (ZrFe2(OH)8) adsorbent with an effective diameter of 0.7 mm (Japan Enviro Chemicals, Japan) The flow rate of the supernatant was ... into the system The characteristics of the influent wastewater were as follows: 160–200 mg/L of SS, 55–80 mg/L of TOC, 45–55 mg/L of T-N, and 4.0–5.5 mg/L of T-P In this study, four different...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:38

... elution volume of UMP -CMP kinase indicated a Stokes radius of 2.8 nm, in agreement with a monomer species Expression and purication of human UMP -CMP kinase as a fusion protein with GST BL21 gold ... specicity of human and Dictyostelium UMP -CMP kinase (Eur J Biochem 270) 1787 Fig Measure of the steady-state kinetics parameters of human UMPCMP kinase (A) Kinetic for natural substrates UMP, CMP, dCMP ... substrate analogs D-AraCMP and L-3TCMP V is expressed in unit (lmol productặmin)1)ặmg)1 of the fusion protein UMP -CMP kinase with GST (PM ẳ 51 000) The reaction rate v with UMP and CMP as a substrate...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:20

... lifting of heavy loads or using stairs) causes involuntary urinary leakage without contraction of the bladder muscles [2,9,10] SUI often occurs when this is combined with a change of position of the ... on the lifestyle of the patients and affects emotional, social, physical and sexual aspects of well-being [3,6] Incontinent women often avoid social contact because of feelings of shame, which ... training in patients with clinically proven SUI with regard to QOL? Hypothesis: Patients undergoing surgery show higher improvement in QOL-scores at 8-week-follow-up with Page of 11 (page number...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... force values of muscle samples that were not treated with drug [[10], and unpublished data] The study consisted of two parts, a) delineation of DAP effects on isotonic contractile performance ... the effects of repeated stimulation The loads for all parts of the study were percentages of maximum force during 20 Hz stimulation before the addition of DAP or no drug The choice of using peak ... degree of fusion with DAP does not augment shortening much if at all; at 20 Hz (without DAP) diaphragm contractions are right at the threshold of being fused (see in particular left panel of Figure...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... of 8.86 Å (5 × 1.772 Å) is consistent with that of the [200] planes of single-crystalline face-centered Co, which is compatible with the data of XRD The SAED patterns (see the inset in Page of ... that of soft templates Initially, very small Co nanoparticles were formed With the increase of the growth time, presumably, the small Co nanoparticles diffused and aggregated to form larger nanoparticles ... The Co nanoparticles were then assembled into necklike chains with multiple branches because of the stronger anisotropic magnetic forces, and these findings are in agreement with those of our earlier...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20

... samples with AlAs layers than those of samples without AlAs layers, no matter with as-grown QDs or with annealed QDs The reason for improvement of open-circuit voltages and fill factors in samples with ... AFM images of device surfaces (a) With as-grown InAs QDs and without AlAs layers (sample A), (b) with as-grown InAs QDs and AlAs layers (sample B), (c) with annealed InAs QDs and without AlAs ... fabricated four types of samples: sample A contains unannealed QDs without AlAs capping Sample B Table Layer structures for samples without and with AlAs capping Without AlAs capping With AlAs capping...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... qualitative assessment of the programme, focussing on the subjective GP’s experiences, for instance on improvement of practice organisation and collaboration with other primary care professionals Randomisation ... identified with a non-tailored intervention in the control group, they report a modest effect of tailoring [13] All data collection will take place at the end of the project period Within the context of ... patients from their practices who are over 18 years of age of whom the GPs consider themselves to be the physician taking care of the treatment of this condition in the patient We expect eight to...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:23

... further increase in size of the hematoma and extension into the left leg, renewed deterioration of coagulation parameters, and onset of fever (< 38.5°C) Continuous substitution of FFP and PRBCs was ... discharged 10 days later At that time, the patient had paresis of the leg with a positive Trendelenburg’s sign due to compression Page of of the superior gluteal nerve His bleeding time was still ... risk of hemorrhage in this patient, we therefore continued a single-agent treatment strategy with imatinib in an outpatient setting No further episodes of bleeding occurred during the follow-up of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 23:21

... semi-solid nutrition for patients with intractable diarrhea who had been administered with liquid nutrition Improvement of diarrhea was observed in out of 14, or 64.2% of patients (unpublished data) ... advantage is the reduction of gastroesophageal reflux with the resultant prevention of aspiration pneumonia [3] The rate of proximal stomach emptying contributes to the number of reflux episodes per ... pressure ulcer had shrunk along with an improvement in the patient’s state of nutrition (D) Day 93 The size of the pressure ulcer was 8.0 cm × 5.0 cm Nakayama et al Journal of Medical Case Reports 2010,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 14:21

... total or partial relief of symptoms without the necessity of systemic medication with its often notable side effects The long duration of the positive effects of botulinum toxin and the highly ... neurons of muscular and vascular tissue, retrograde intake of botulinum toxin in the peripheral and central nervous system with modulation of the central neuropeptide function, inhibition of sterile ... [7], 2) decompression of vascular nociceptive neurons, 3) normalization of muscle spindle activity (inhibition of γ motor endings [12]), or 4) modulation of central mechanisms with regard to neuropeptides...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:20

... glycoforms of IgG autoantibodies are pathogenic Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1994, 91:6123-6127 16 Imafuku Y, Yoshida H, Yamada Y: Reactivity of ... 5%) and overlap with IgG4 glycoforms, the applied analytical approach did not allow the analysis of non-fucosylated glycopeptides The levels of galactosylation of IgG1 and IgG2 without bisecting ... MALDI-TOF-MS On the basis of these signal heights a percentage of the presence of GlcNAc (N) was determined This percentage represents all signal heights with GlcNAc present on the N-glycan with...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:22

... totally aligned with set standards (Additional File 4) with a score of 75 out of 100 The global level of performance is therefore still marked, also for the second detection, with a green signal ... experience of OU Associated weights were set up on the basis of mean weight assigned in order to permit balanced evaluation of OU performance and emphasize key-objectives by a pool of professionals ... only with slight modifications to better depict Laboratory Analysis current activity The objective of this paper is to confirm feasibility and value of using BSC to measure, over time, performance...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22

... integration system without prediction of Kalman filter In that case, the maximum value of the positional drift is up to hundreds of meter When we use Kalman prediction (without SRA), the value of positional ... compared with the direction of line segment via the moving direction of vehicle and its corresponding algorithm From that, to be able to determine VCM2012 GPS INS/GPS Fig Performance of INS/GPS without ... measurements of changes in attitude of vehicle or its turn rate with respect to inertial space Accelerometers, however may not separate the total acceleration of the vehicle, the acceleration with respect...

Ngày tải lên: 16/08/2015, 15:47

... of MNPs endows the particles with important properties Modification of the surface of MNPs prevents agglomeration of the particles and thus stabilizes the colloidal system Functionalization of ... 2001) Surface modification of nanoparticles could be carried out by following methods: a Surface modification with inorganic molecules (Xu et al 1997) 18 Chapter b Surface modification with non-polymeric ... 2.4.2 Surface modification of magnetic nanoparticles Ferrofluids are stable colloidal suspensions of single domain ferro or ferromagnetic particles in a liquid carrier Since bare nanosized particles...

Ngày tải lên: 08/09/2015, 19:41

... UC nanoparticles to hydrophilic, and further surface modification of silica shell by PEG and amino group Use of Au nanoparticles to further decorate the surface of silica coated UC nanoparticles ... absorption spectra of UC/shell, UC/shell /silica, Au -silica and UC/shell/Au -silica nanoparticles (b) UC luminescence spectra of UC/shell /silica, Ausilica and UC/shell/Au -silica nanoparticles at the ... of pH 68 Figure 4.8 Emission spectra of UC /silica and UC /silica- amino nanoparticles 69 Figure 4.9 A schematic diagram of the reaction process of PEGylation of silica coated UC nanoparticles...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:20

... simulations VI List of Figures Figure 1.1Number of articles varying with year Figure 1.2 Demonstration of generating SP with prism Figure 1.3 Demonstration of generating SP with grating ... regarded as a major improvement in the study of surface plasmon With these methods, surface plasmons were easily generated by many researchers Till this time, although the properties of surface plasmon ... diameter of subwavelength hole d and the wavelength λ with a scaling factor of (d/λ)4 To explain the origins of EOT, Ebbisen pointed out that the resonant excitation of SPs near the surface of metal...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 11:16