implications for understanding of evolutionary issues

... interactions With the completion of the trypanosome genome projects, the lack of information on the location of centromeric DNA is the major remaining gap in our understanding of chromosome organization ... Gull K, Alsford S, Ersfield K: Segregation of minichromosomes in trypanosomes: implications for mitotic mechanisms Trends Microbiol 1998, 6:319-323 Wong LH, Choo KH: Evolutionary dynamics of transposable ... of the chromosome [4] Regional centromeres generally contain long stretches of repetitive DNA, often interrupted by retrotransposons For example, the human × chromosome has a conserved core of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:22

... minimum of 25 lines with four unrelated individuals is close to the optimum for a range of objectives Multi-strain experiments are therefore very efficient (provided that a large number of genetically ... commercial breeding company Page of (page number not for citation purposes) Genetics Selection Evolution 2009, 41:8 Sample collection At eight weeks of age, one offspring of every sire was randomly ... component of variation The analysis for each trait was repeated with a fixed effect for category (B, T and L) included in the model (tbw) Fixed effects were tested for significance by the method of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... significant population of conformations in the a region of the /w space The presence of NOEs between P15 d protons and T14 a proton for peptides 24148 and 24326, and V14 a proton for peptide 23754, ... Houghten, R.A (1985) General method for the rapid solid-phase synthesis of large numbers of peptides: specificity of antigen– antibody interaction at the level of individual amino acids Proc Natl ... distributed in random groups of five or six for immunization Each monkey received, subcutaneously, 125 lg of the polymerized peptide homogenized in Freund’s Complete Adjuvant for the first dose on day...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... control study of incident CVD was performed, comparing 72 patients with RA and CVD to 541 RA patients without CVD CVD was evaluated from the time of diagnosis of the RA up to the time of the first ... without CVD were performed using Students' t-tests and Mann-Whitney U-tests for continuous variables and Pearson's Chi-square tests for dichotomic variables Page of (page number not for citation purposes) ... Therefore, we determined the presence of interactions between any of the DMARD groups and the maximum used dosages, days of DMARD use and a cumulative variable Because the maximum dosages of the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 08:22

... prevention of endoscopic NSAID ulcers and also NSAID ulcer complications, such as bleeding and perforation, but is often poorly tolerated because of diarrhoea and abdominal discomfort [3] Elevation of ... ulcerations of the stomach or proximal duodenum causing perforation, obstruction or bleeding that occurred during the use of NSAIDs, necessitating hospitalisation of the patient Selection of cases ... study was performed within the government-initiated healthcare region of the city of Enschede in The Netherlands On 31 December 2003 the population con- Page of (page number not for citation...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:20

... ECG evidence of ischemia, n (%) (1.5) Severity and feature of RA: Radiographic erosion score Page of 11 (page number not for citation purposes) 24 (35) Increased serum concentrations of the S100 ... anti-inflammatory effects of S100A9 which may reduce antigen-specific priming, for example, of cytotoxic T cell responses [63] In support of an antiinflammatory role for S100A9, S100A8 induced ... inflammatory RA setting for co-development of joint and vascular disease Prospective studies will be of interest to determine the utility of these proteins as prognostic biomarkers of joint and vascular...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:22

... be reconsidered in light of the known etiological heterogeneity of this disease Thus, we have investigated the impact of genetic variants of MBL on RA risk by using information from a large population-based ... available DNA (88% of all participant cases and matched controls) All cases fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology 1987 criteria for the classification of RA All participants gave informed consent ... the serum levels of the MBL protein, thus illustrating the functional relevance of these findings In the family-based study, information about smoking was available for only 53% of the participants...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:23

... of ICU admission The nonrenal total SOFA score was calculated from the total SOFA score minus the points for kidney insufficiency In addition, we calculated the SOFA score and the nonrenal SOFA ... collect information on potential mechanisms of injury Our design also prohibited the use of more sophisticated measures of kidney function Indeed, our assessment of time to progression of acute ... Assessment score at the time of maximum RIFLE class; pre-ICU LOS, length of hospital stay before intensive care unit admission (only for patients who were in hospital before intensive care unit admission)...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... situ comparison of salivary gland chromosomes and metaphase chromosomes from other tissues, in order to allow an estimation of the number of copies of Dm665 that occur in the tips of metaphase chromosomes ... authors thank VG Nikiforov and VG Shakhbazov for support and encouragement, MM Tikhomirova for strain T-32 stock, ES Belyaeva and BA Leibovich for their aid and advice, and DL Hartl for his help and ... Analysis of specificity of ectopic conjugation of telomeric ends of Drosophila melanogaster polytene chromosomes Genetika (USSR) 22, 787-792 Renkawitz-Pohl R, Bialojan S (1984) A DNA sequence of Drosophila...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:20

... Survey of Youth (NLSY) for the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and the National Survey of Children for the Foundation for Child Development and the National Institute of ... monthly Thirty-four percent of the former group had repeated a grade, compared with six percent of the latter And 53 percent of the former group – versus 21 percent of the latter – had their parents ... for Health Statistics, and is a past president of the Council of Professional Associations on Federal Statistics (COPAFS) He was a member of the Technical Planning Group on School Readiness for...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 09:20

... Effect of extrinsic mortality on the evolution of senescence in guppies Nature 431:1095–1099 Ricklefs, R E 1998 Evolutionary theories of aging: confirmation of a fundamental prediction, with implications ... is the concept of the disposable soma, which proposes that senescence is the outcome of a balance of trade-offs between increased investment in early reproduction at the expense of future survival ... of these, the majority of birds were caught in the first or years of the study and are therefore likely to be a representative sample of ages in the population Ringing effort was then focused on...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 16:20

... activities for example, and the degree of these seasonal changes similar to that of winter blues yields the odds ratio of 2.97 for suffering from mental ill-being to a marked extent Of the seasonal ... for Statistical Computing (R, version 2.2.1) was applied for, and its survey Package, available through the Comprehensive R Archive Network family of internet sites Page of (page number not for ... the intensity of depressive symptoms only and greater than that of age for instance Of the seasonal changes in mood and behavior, those in energy level, mood and social activity were of significance...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... Matlab and for every fourth of the rotavirus-positive specimens from Dhaka Some samples were excluded from this study due to unavailability of sufficient amount of stool specimens for testing ... set, the distribution of rotavirus G-types changed dramatically (Fig 1) Type G1 now accounted for 44.8% of the isolates and became the most prevalent genotype, and the number of untypeable strains ... manufacturer's instructions for the extraction of rotavirus RNA from the stool samples Because of the natural variation in the rotaviral gene sequences, close monitoring of rotavirus genotyping methods...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... were available for 491 patients * At time of baseline lipid profile assessment § Fisher exact test ‡ Fisher exact test for presence of secondary progressive or progressive forms of MS # Mann-Whitney ... treatment for the presence of CEL (p = 0.029, a trend) and for CE-LV (p < 0.001) In contrast, higher triglyceride levels were associated with trends for a higher probability for the presence of CEL ... (%) * At baseline lipid profile assessment §Statin usage status unavailable for one patient MRI data were available for 210 patients There was no evidence for lipid profile differences between...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... Denmark,3Division of Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary, 4Institute of Anaesthesia and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of ... of pooled human serum were added to each assay as were a sample control The lower limit of detection in these assays is ng/ml of ficolin-2 and ng/ml of ficolin-3 The inter-assay coefficient of ... test for trend The association between the serum concentration of selected proteins and the outcome of stroke was calculated by multiple logistic regression, adjusted for the sex and the age of...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... out of 121 G1 strains from lineage I showed the four specific mismatches at the 5' end of the 9T1-1 primer This was associated with the failure of genotyping of G1 strains from Bangladesh Two of ... Integrated software for Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis and sequence alignment Brief Bioinform 2004, 5:150-163 Santos N, Volotao EM, Soares CC, Campos GS, Sardi SI, Hoshino Y: Predominance of ... children in the Page of (page number not for citation purposes) Virology Journal 2006, 3:35 28 29 http://www.virologyj.com/content/3/1/35 city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil: implications for future vaccine...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... Matlab and for every fourth of the rotavirus-positive specimens from Dhaka Some samples were excluded from this study due to unavailability of sufficient amount of stool specimens for testing ... set, the distribution of rotavirus G-types changed dramatically (Fig 1) Type G1 now accounted for 44.8% of the isolates and became the most prevalent genotype, and the number of untypeable strains ... manufacturer's instructions for the extraction of rotavirus RNA from the stool samples Because of the natural variation in the rotaviral gene sequences, close monitoring of rotavirus genotyping methods...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... http://www.ovarianresearch.com/content/4/1/18 Page of Figure Comparison of GPX3 levels of healthy female controls vs women with serous ovarian cancer for women of all ages: Figure 1A shows a group-wise comparison of GPX3 in healthy ... biomarkers/panels of biomarkers with reported higher sensitivities and specificities than CA125 are being investigated, none of these have improved upon the low efficacy of the measurement of CA125 levels ... number of studies have shown GPX3 activity to be downregulated in patients with breast, gastric and colorectal cancers [18] GPX3 was also found to be uniformly downregulated in all grades of Page of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 08:20

... preparation of the manuscript The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health Author details Centre for ... risk set for that interval R-software 2.11.0 (http://www r-project.org) was used for data analyses The study protocol and informed consent documents were approved by the University of Zambia ... calculated hazard of reaching the combined endpoint of mortality or loss to follow up for each gradation of the serum indicators was less pronounced compared with the hazard of mortality alone,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 08:20

... factor scores for onomatopoeic representations and those for real sound stimuli, averaged for each of the two groups of onomatopoeic representations: those for which more than 50% of participants ... representations for each sound source No Sound source whizzing sound (similar to the motion of a whip) idling sound of a diesel engine 10 11 sound of water dripping bark of a dog (barking once) ring of a ... point for each of the three factors, the absolute differences between the factor scores for the onomatopoeic representations and those for the corresponding sound stimuli were averaged for each of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20