... presence ofthe excess ofthe Tat peptide, in keeping with separate internalization pathways Internalization ofthe Tat±GFP fusion construct in these conditions was poorly ef®cient in the A-745 clone ... treatment on CHO K1 cells [ 21] Likewise, heparinase treatment of HeLa cells completely inhibits the uptake ofthe Tat±GFP fusion protein (Fig 6A, dotted line) Onthe contrary, the internalization ofthe ... analysis, the concentration ofthe recombinant protein was increased to lgámL )1 The internalization ofthe GST±Tat construct was monitored by immunodetection as described previously [ 21] After...
... of 12 .3 s )1 (range 9 .1 14 .0); the second a-helix presented a mean of 13 .2 s )1 (range 11 .9 14 .2); the third a-helix presented a mean of 11 .3 s )1 (range 8 .19 – 13 .5); and, finally, amino acids in the ... constant ofthe free space, cN and cH are the gyromagnetic ratios of 15 N ()2. 71 · 10 7 radÆs )1 T )1) and 1H (2.68 · 10 8 radÆs )1 T )1) , h is the Planck constant, xN is the Larmor frequency ofthe 15 N, ... motions (i.e the internal motions ofthe bond vectors are independent ofthe overall rotational movement ofthe molecule) Furthermore, the internal motions of each bond vector are independent of...
... (19 96) Linear diffusion ofthe restriction endonuclease EcoRV on DNA is essential for the in vivo functionofthe enzyme EMBO J 15 , 510 4 511 1 40 Harper AL, Skinner LM, Sudol M & Katzman M (20 01) ... inactivation (T1 2, IN alone ẳ 11 1 min; T1 2, IN+DNA ẳ 15 4 min; T1 2, IN+Mg ẳ 222 min) FEBS Journal 273 (2006) 11 3 711 51 ê 2006 The Authors Journal compilation ê 2006 FEBS M Smolov et al DNA allows the ... preincubation of IN with 11 44 [Product] (nM) 0 .12 0.08 T1/2 = 11 1 15 0.04 0.00 200 400 600 800 10 00 Time (min) B [Product] (nM) Stability of IN during the 3Â-processing reaction A 0 .12 0.08 T1/2 =...
... panel: Backbone superimposition of 10 selected structures of (1 96)Vpr, performed onthe (15 –33) (38–49) (54–74) a helices The average rmsd ofthe back˚ bone for the (17 –83) region is 5.0 A Helices ... that maintain the relative orientation ofthe first and second helices, on one side, and the second and third helices onthe other side ofthe molecule It is reasonable to suggest that these local ... This is one ofthe main reasons why the aim of this study was to determine the solution structure ofthe intact monomeric form of this protein One ofthe main problems encountered with (1 96)Vpr,...
... Zasloff M, Stanley EF: Magainin 2, a natural antibiotic from frog skin, Page 12 of 14 (page number not for citation purposes) Virology Journal 2007, 4 :12 3 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 ... http://www.virologyj.com/content/4 /1/ 123 osmolysis The ability of UV-inactivated HIV to cause single cell balloon degeneration in the absence of replication argues for the involvement of a virion component, possibly the ... virion Since the LLP domains are also present in the context ofthe virion, it is possible that they would have an effect at this stage oftheHIV replication cycle There is at least one report of...
... Zasloff M, Stanley EF: Magainin 2, a natural antibiotic from frog skin, Page 12 of 14 (page number not for citation purposes) Virology Journal 2007, 4 :12 3 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 ... http://www.virologyj.com/content/4 /1/ 123 osmolysis The ability of UV-inactivated HIV to cause single cell balloon degeneration in the absence of replication argues for the involvement of a virion component, possibly the ... virion Since the LLP domains are also present in the context ofthe virion, it is possible that they would have an effect at this stage oftheHIV replication cycle There is at least one report of...
... Biol 19 97, 17 :6663-6672 Page of (page number not for citation purposes) Virology Journal 2008, 5:32 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Schumacher A, Faust C, Magnuson T: Positional cloning ... position 294–309 onthe linear sequence of EED [15 ] The newly established conformation of this http://www.virologyj.com/content/5 /1/ 32 region implied that the region of interaction with the MA protein ... regions at the surface of EED According to the EED 3D-model, the domain of interaction with the HIV- 1 MA protein would be localised onthe lateral face ofthe β-propeller, and be comprised of...
... (Figure 4) Discussion The latency of HIV- 1 in resting CD4+ T-lymphocytes constitutes a major obstacle for the eradication ofthe virus in patients on ART The decay rate ofthe latent reservoir ... and involve modulation of expression and functionof Fc receptors; interference with complement activation and the cytokine network; effects onthe activation and functionof lymphocytes, dendritic ... (projects K2007-56X-20345 01- 3 and 2007-7092) http://www.aidsrestherapy.com/content/6 /1/ 15 17 18 19 References 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Chun TW, Carruth L, Finzi D, Shen X, DiGiuseppe JA, Taylor H, Hermankova...
... Tat-vacci- Page 12 of 13 (page number not for citation purposes) Retrovirology 2009, 6:50 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 10 7 10 8 10 9 11 0 11 1 11 2 11 3 11 4 11 5 11 6 11 7 11 8 nated macaques not control simian immunodeficiency ... [49,50,95 ,10 8 ,11 0, 11 1] It is notable that with a sera dilution of 1: 1000, Tat Bru is recognized by only 30% ofthe RP patients in Europe [95] and only 10 to 14 % of RP patients in Africa [11 1] This ... representative ofthe five main HIV- 1 subtypes The sequence length of Tat is variable and ranges from 86 to 10 1 residues as a functionofthe second exon A viable strain having only the first exon of Tat...
... 278:372-3 81 Benkhelifa-Ziyyat et al Retrovirology 2 010 , 7:27 http://www.retrovirology.com/content/7 /1/ 27 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Kalpana GV, Marmon S, Wang ... sequences In the context of HIV- 1NLX, the insertion ofthe tag introduced a stop codon in the overlapping vif gene Although vif activity is irrelevant in the context of SupT1 and MAGI cells, the modification ... MH532 primers [17 ] The absence of amplification in the presence of AZT indicates that only neosynthesized DNA was detected Page of 10 masking ofthe IN C-terminal tag Transductions of HEK 293 cells...
... to synonymous mutations We hypothesized that the lack of non-synonymous mutations was a result ofthe structural constraints on Gag One would thus expect to see a higher rate of non-synonymous ... nonprogressive HIV- 1 infection J Immunol 2007, 17 9(5): 313 3- 314 3 O’Connell KA, Brennan TP, Bailey JR, Ray SC, Siliciano RF, Blankson JN: Control of HIV- 1 in elite suppressors despite ongoing replication and ... Broadway, Baltimore MD 212 05, USA Page of 7 10 11 12 13 14 Authors’ contributions MS carried out the molecular genetic studies, participated in the sequence alignment and drafted the manuscript TPB...
... Biol 19 90, 11 1:807- 816 doi :10 .11 86 /17 42-4690-8 -17 Cite this article as: Gu et al.: Intermolecular masking ofthe HIV- 1 Rev NLS by the cellular protein HIC: Novel insights into the regulation of ... Virol 19 91, 65:70 51- 7055 Malim MH, Bohnlein S, Hauber J, Cullen BR: Functional dissection ofthe HIV- 1 Rev trans-activator–derivation of a trans-dominant repressor of Rev function Cell 19 89, ... and T2, TCF1, HIV- 1 Tat, HTLV -1 Tax and KSHV LANA [24-29] We previously reported that the ectopic expression of HIC resulted in the mislocalisation of HIV- 1 Tat to the cytoplasm This contrasted...
... co-expressing HIV- 1 integrase Because ofthe universal character ofthe cofactor role of LEDGF/p75 in HIV- 1 DNA integration (reviewed in [19 - 21] ), we decided to study the effect of HIV- 1 integrase onthe ... interaction of HIV- 1 integrase with chromatin bound LEDGF/p75, we evaluated the consequence of increasing concentrations of NaCl onthe chromatin binding of HIV- 1 integrase (salt extraction assay) HIV- 1 ... integrase The HIV- 1 co-factor activity of LEDGF/p75 involves its simultaneous interaction with the host chromatin and with HIV- 1 integrase [1, 2] To determine the effect ofthe ionic strength on the...
... synthesis, purification, Page 10 of 11 (page number not for citation purposes) Retrovirology 2008, 5:83 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 and characterization of ... molar ratios of Tat Eli to Zn2+ from 1: 1 through 1: 16 and the only effect observed was precipitation of Tat at 1: 16 at pH 4.5 and 1: 8 at pH (Figure 3) When there is no precipitation, the CD spectra ... ≥ 5] More than 15 % ofthe long-range constraints involved the second exon of Tat, and half of those were in relation to the cysteine-rich region showing that the second exon is essential in Tat...