immunotoxicology and inflammatory mechanisms of arsenic

... 38 v A REVIEW OF THE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL MECHANISMS OF THE STORAGE STABILITY OF FAST PYROLYSIS BIO-OILS ABSTRACT Understanding the fundamental chemical and physical aging mechanisms is necessary ... this reaction include carbonates and chlorides of sodium and potassium; calcium and sodium sulfates; and calcium and sodium acetates (Adams and Adkins 1925; Adkins and Nissen 1922) Catalysts for ... Refractive Indices and Densities of Mixtures of Certain Alcohols and Aldehydes,” J Am Chem Soc., 50, pp 499-503 Adkins, H and Broderick, A.E (1928b) “The Rate of Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Certain Acetals,”...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:02

... mechanism The effects of ionic strength on the adsorption of arsenic( III) and arsenic( V) onto the surfaces of ceria NPs were presented in Figure The amount of arsenic( III) and arsenic( V) adsorbed ... pre-reducing solution (thiourea 10% and ascorbic acid 10%) was used to pre-reduce arsenic( V) to arsenic( III) when the task was to speciate arsenic( III) and arsenic( V) Arsenic( V) was determined by the ... work reveals that the combination of ceria NPs and arsenic may be efficacious on the environment The adsorption of arsenic (qmax and Kf in the Langmuir model and the Freundlich model, respectively)...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 17:20

... using primary and SW982 synovial cells, treatment with 60 nM trypsin resulted in marked hosphorylation of p65, an activated form of NF-B, and Page of degradation of IBa, an inhibitor of NF-B (Figure ... the effects of PAR-2 activation and inhibition of COX-2 and MMP-1 expressions in primary OA synovial cells as well as in model cells, which suggested anti -inflammatory mechanisms of the PAR2-IP ... effect of PAR2-IP on trypsin-induced activation of NF-B, and down-regulation of inflammatory COX-2 expression in human synoviosarcoma and primary OA synovial cells It was shown that activation of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... is associated with downregulation of Bcl-2 gene expression, up-regulation of the expression of the proenzymes of caspase and and activation of both caspase and [5,8,9] ATO induced apoptosis is ... confirm the apoptotic mechanism of arsenic trioxide (ATO) Briefly, 2mL of cells (1 × 106 cells/mL) were added to each well of 24 wells and treated with 2, 4, and μg/ mL of arsenic trioxide (ATO) for ... CY and PT conceived, designed and implemented the study, and drafted the manuscript JJ and RM participated in the implementation of the study, and the acquisition, analysis and interpretation of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 22:21

... and Bcl-2 of the lung extracts of guinea pigs exposed to air or CS supplemented with A, Immunoblots of caspase 3, PARP, A, Immunoblots of caspase 3, PARP, Bax and Bcl-2 of the lung extracts of ... mean perimeter (contour length) of air space and A is the area of air space [6] The number of air spaces and the S/V values calculated after 7, 14 and 21 days of smoke exposure are significantly ... known whether p-BSQ of CS causes apoptosis and emphysematous lung damage We have addressed this question for better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of emphysema, so that...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:22

... secretion Page of 10 of the pro -inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and IL-6, particularly in combination with inflammatory mediators and CSE The mechanism behind the synergism between CSE- and MCh-induced ... Program and Canadian Institutes of Health Research Author details Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands 2Department of Basic Sciences, University of Tabriz, ... the activation of IBa/NF-B and MEK/ERK1/2 pathways in hASMc and that these pathways are involved in the secretion of IL-8 induced by the co-stimulation of muscarinic receptors and CSE Interestingly,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:22

... activation of µ-opioid and inhibition of neurokinin receptors can help in the suppression of some varieties of chronic cough In a preliminary study, we found that coadministration of codeine and a ... doses Further studies are needed to clarify the pharmacology and mechanisms of antitussive effects of opiates, and to elucidate mechanisms of opiate-resistant coughs Furthermore, it is very important ... doses of capsaicin [58] This capsaicin treatment caused degeneration and dysfunction of the C- and Aδ-nociceptors [60-63] and consequently reduced cough generation caused by citric acid and capsaicin,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... (China) and was supported by the proposal of the Second Development of Pien Tze Huang of the National Ministry of Science and Technology Author details School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, ... hypertension) and in WKY (i.e ischemia without Zhang et al Chinese Medicine 2010, 5:35 http://www.cmjournal.org/content/5/1/35 Page of 14 Table (B) Score, time of onset of stroke, and time of death of the ... CCA located beside the thyroid gland Distal and proximal ends of CCA were bound with 5.0 threads leaving a Page of 14 gap of about 0.5 cm between the two ends and the CCA was excised between the...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 14:20

... Publications LIST OF PUBLICATIONS The research described herein was conducted under the supervision of Prof Lu Li and Associate Prof Zeng Kaiyang from the Material Science Division, Department of Mechanical ... Extension and Verification of Experimental and Analysis Method for Interfacial Toughness of Hard Film/Soft Substrate 51 4.1 Thin Film Characterization 52 4.2 Comparative Analysis of ... Schematic of basic operation principle of lithium ion battery; (b) Comparison of energy densities of different rechargeable batteries Fig 2.1 Rutile and anatase crystal structures of TiO2 Fig...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:14

... friends and colleagues who have assisted me during the course of this research i TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements i Table of Contents ii Summary vii List of Symbols x List of Figures ... Comparison of the experimental and model pressure and volumetric strain relationships 67 Figure 4.1 Geometry and dimension of the various nose shaped projectiles 71 Figure 4.2 Mesh of the target and ... Application of the SFM for high velocity impact simulation of steel and aluminum alloy targets where the SPH method is used at the region of large deformation and damage, and the FEM elsewhere Study of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 08:36

... composition of 2H and 18O The compositions of the isotopes 2H (D) and 18O were analyzed to obtain δD (‰) and δ18O (‰), respectively, which are defined as the relative deviation of the parts per thousand ... 22-23 of 2003 The amount of precipitation was 30 mm in total Figure shows the precipitation record of the studied event (Fig 2a) and the record of the river flow rate (solid line, Fig 2b) of the ... the discharge of new water and the migration of hazardous elements, which has not been sufficiently analyzed or reported previously As a result of the calculation, and by setting C1 and C2 as mentioned...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:08

... LA/AC-Fe ratio of 0.3m/0.2m, flow rate of to 6mL/min (or space velocity of 0.98-1.47m3/m3h), pH of 7-8, and initial arsenic concentration of 0.1-0.5mg/L, to obtain a breakthrough time of more than ... arsenic concentration and inlet flow rate The samples taken were acidified and analyzed for residual arsenic concentration A mixture of 70% As[III] and 30% As[V] was used in all experiments and ... is arsenic adsorption capacity of adsorbent, (mg/g); and CA is concentration of arsenic molecule in the solution, mg/L At equilibrium, from equation (3) dq/dt = 0; q = q e and CA = CA,e,, and...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:38

... (mg/L) (mg/L) of Ca and Mg added Amount of Ca and Mg added (mg/L) (a) (b) Adsorbed Ca, Mg (mg/g) Fig - Concentration profiles of (a) As and (b) Fe in leachate with the addition of Ca and Mg in different ... (mg/g) a average ± standard deviation of samples However, upon addition of 100 mg/L each of Ca and Mg leaching of As decreased to 24.6 and 23.3 µg/L, respectively Leaching of As was decreased ... surface Fig shows the profiles of leached As in different P concentrations in GW with and without the addition of Ca and Mg In the absence of P without the addition of Ca and Mg, leached As was...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... pathophysiological mechanisms of obesity-induced androgen deficiency and hypogonadism-induced obesity remain the subject of intense investigation Several hypotheses have discussed the relationship of androgen ... endothelium dysfunction and ED [130,131], the concept of androgen deficiency reinforces the important role of androgens in vascular health and erectile function Summary and conclusions Visceral ... visceral and peripheral fat further diminishes the levels of testosterone and increases the levels of estradiol (E2), which further contributes to preferential deposition of more visceral fat and...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 06:20

... lifetimes of carbon-centred radicals derived from a diverse set of substrates are on the order of about 10)10 s [98] Moreover, the randomness of the apparent intramolecular KIEs for unrearranged and ... result in a drastic diminution of polymerization products derived from aniline and some of its p- and N-substituted congeners, while formation of p-hydroxylated and dealkylated metabolites was ... discounted in view of the high selectivity of DNA strand breakage [239] Also, density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the electronic structure of an optimized geometric model of activated BLM...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... consisting of 16 exons The isoforms are generated by alternative splicing of exon to the four common exons 2–5 resulting in isoforms with an identical C-terminal half of the protein [15] and a unique ... that sorting of Golgi and plasma membrane proteins depends on the length of the hydrophobic segment of their TMD [12] This is also true for ER membrane proteins such as cytochrome b5 and UBC6 in ... absence of positive transport signals, the localization of a protein in the ER may result from the properties of the TMD and its interaction with the membranes It has been demonstrated that TMD of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20

... species composition of PtdIns Fatty acid composition of phospholipids from tissues of yellowtail and rat Brain, heart, liver, spleen, kidney and ovary of yellowtails were isolated, and total lipids ... Protein kinase C activity in the spleen of trout (Salmo gairdneri) and the rectal gland of dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula), and the effects of phosphatidylserine and diacylglycerol containing (n-3) ... phosphatidylserine (PtdSer), PtdIns and sphingomyelin The fatty acid compositions of PtdCho, PtdEtn, PtdSer and PtdIns of brain, heart, spleen, kidney and ovary of yellowtail were investigated (Tables...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... best understanding of the broad and constantly changing scope of the ICT sector and the use of ICT in the developing world from a financing and development perspective In the report of the Task ... lowered the cost of ICT goods and services and expanded the range of technology choices and solutions It has also stimulated the entry of new players – principally the private sector - and increased ... development projects, and can also be scaled up through innovative financing instruments All of these types of mechanisms offer the promise of shifting the emphasis of ICT finance and implementation...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 19:20

... chromatogram of ␮g As l−1 arsenic standard and trace monitor of m/z 53 3.5 Pre-concentration of water samples by nitrogen-purge Pre-concentration using a nitrogen-purge showed recoveries of >80% of all arsenic ... transformation of arsenic compounds during storage in the field With the addition of 1.25 mM EDTA to rainwater and to soil-pore water, transformation of arsenic compounds and degradation of organic arsenic ... and river water The concentrations of total arsenic in these water samples were all below ␮g As l−1 with the dominance of inorganic arsenic, As(III), and As(V) Remarkable amounts of organic arsenic...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:22

... populations in both urban and non-urban soils aids our understanding of the impacts of human activity on natural concentrations of arsenic in soils (O’Neill, 1990) Significant land-use changes have ... compare arsenic background concentrations in urban and nonurban soils in Florida, and (ii) investigate the relationship between arsenic background concentrations and the extent of human activity and ... historical land-uses increase their probability of being contaminated In spite of these efforts, arsenic concentration ranges of -1–8 mg kgy1 were observed The relative contributions of both natural and...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:22