immune neuroendocrine and cardiovascular pathways to preterm birth

... to Th2 (humoral immunity) shift in the immune response, from a proinflammatory cytokine pattern with increased interleukin (IL)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α to an anti-inflammatory cytokine ... cells and cytokines might also protect neuronal survival after trauma and contribute to neural repair [122] Cytokines Cytokines are important factors connecting and modulating the immune and neuroendrocrine ... the neuroendocrine and immune systems provide a finely tuned regulatory system required for health Disturbances at any level can lead to changes in susceptibility to, and severity of, autoimmune/inflammatory...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... II and Nco I The amplified fragment was cloned into pd19 by digesting the fragment with HindIII and Bgl II and the plasmid with HindIII and Bam HI The fragment was ligated into the plasmid and ... ‘inhibitory receptors’ that function to moderate immune responses has grown in prominence [27,28] Targeting these types of receptors on inflammatory cells in diseases such as asthma may offer new and ... pSPORT vector, Gibco/BRL, Grand Island, NY, USA) for several splice variants were obtained from Incyte and sequenced Sequencing and alignment Individual clone colonies were cultured and DNA was...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 04:21

... contributor to preterm birth among both multiple and singleton pregnancies." (Institute of Preterm Birth - Mother and Child Medicine (US) Committee on Understanding Premature Birth and Assuring ... Dedele and Gediminas Balcius Chapter Clinical Risk Factors for Preterm Birth 73 Ifeoma Offiah, Keelin O’Donoghue and Louise Kenny Chapter Psychobiological Stress and Preterm Birth 95 Curt A Sandman, ... birth is associated with short and long term maternal and fetal sequel The 10 Preterm Birth - Mother and Child mothers are at risk of recurrent preterm birth and cardiovascular disease later in...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 13:20

... Furthermore, to stimulate the readers to read more and especially to explore more into the fascinating field of DNA repair Putting together the chapters of this book has been a great pleasure and exciting ... checkpoint and blockage of cell cycle 32 DNA Repair − On the Pathways to Fixing DNA Damage and Errors progression In contrast, their wild-type cells continued to synthesize DNA and were able to promptly ... and Repair Mechanisms 33 dsDNA strands due to head -to- tail collision of replication forks (Davidson et al., 2006) As a result, cell cycle arrest prevents cells from entry into M phase and mitotic...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 05:20

... Authors’ contributions BCR and LAJ were the principal contributors to the manuscript, and primarily involved in the care of the baby DKMP and AGH performed the postmortem and kindly provided the ... examination was performed and it demonstrated intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) (Figure 1) expanding all four ventricles and extending around the brain stem and cerebellum (grade 3) Histology showed recent ... growth restriction, and genitourinary and renal anomalies [4] While evidence has increased, meta-analyses [4] and larger scale studies [4] have not confirmed any of the anatomical sequelae, although...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 14:21

... amplitude-integrated EEG (Cerebral Function Monitoring - 'CFM') The infant was loaded with phenobarbitone and received a Table 1: Temporal evolution of laboratory parameters Laboratory parameter Age Parameter Reference ... examination was performed and it demonstrated intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) (Figure 1) expanding all four ventricles and extending around the brain stem and cerebellum (grade 3) Histology showed recent ... growth restriction, and genitourinary and renal anomalies [4] While evidence has increased, meta-analyses [5] and larger scale studies [4] have not confirmed any of the anatomical sequelae, although...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 14:21

... fear of dying and helplessness may seem to tap into specific qualities of negative affect, thereby having the potential to emerge as risk factors of poor cardiovascular prognosis and as specific ... on the to 10 numeric rating scales for fear of dying and helplessness to be clinically meaningful To avoid overfitted and thus unstable models, the 45 outcome events (Figure 1) allowed us to force ... increase in distress scores from to corresponding to a 1.2- to 1.4-fold increased risk of CVD-related hospital readmissions Our study is on the one hand to be understood as a first attempt of tracking...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 15:22

... factor XI and, to a lesser degree, factor VIII and factor V, to promote factor X conversion and thrombin generation via the contact factor system The contact factor pathway also functions to ... regulatory pathways and their sites of action TF, tissue factor; t-PA, tissue-type plasminogen activator inhibitors of fibrinolysis [54], including plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 and PAI-2 ... initiator of clotting in systemic inflammatory states Factor IX of the intrinsic system can be activated by the TF–factor VII complex, and thrombin can activate factor XI and to some degree factors...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... disturbed answer to catecholamine response is due to a signaling problem at the receptor or postreceptor levels or due to the tissue’s inability to produce the physiological answer, or both To conclude, ... Liaudet L: Nitric oxide and peroxynitrite in health and disease Physiol Rev 2007, 87:315-424 Levy B, Dusang B, Annane D, Gibot S, Bollaert PE: Cardiovascular response to dopamine and early prediction ... Heterogeneity and prediction of hemodynamic responses to dobutamine in patients with septic shock Crit Care Med 2006, 34:2392-2398 Landry DW, Oliver JA: The pathogenesis of vasodilatory shock N...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 10:20

... seconds to minutes to hours To simplify this task and to make it more practicable, we undertook stoichiometric modeling of brain energy metabolism with the major aim of including all the known pathways ... (r13, r49), is mitochondrial Both NADH-(mitochondrial) and NADPH-dependent (mitochondrial and cytosolic) isocitrate dehydrogenation reactions (r24–r26/r60–r62) were taken into account [25] Malic ... astrocytes and neurons Astrocytes take up leucine from the blood brain barrier [65] and oxidize it so as to form a branched chain keto acid, α-ketoisocaproate (KIC) (r99), to supply amino nitrogen to...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... level, beliefs, and attitudes, as well as other cultural and environmental factors” [15] Together these factors will affect which children will be referred to psychiatric care and by whom The ... Socioeconomic deprivation and social capital have been hypothesised to affect mental health in children (and adults) through factors such as access to family advice and support, informal social ... into how best to design and develop health promotion strategies to reach children with mental health problems The key issue for this paper was to study the referral sources by which children and...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:21

... B-lymphocytes and their rates of apoptosis (Figures 6, and 8) Discussion The great rate of mortality associated with severe sepsis and septic shock has stimulated research to try to understand the ... inflammatory reaction No study similar in design to the current study has been published, at least to our knowledge, to try to compare the early innate and adaptive immune responses of septic patients with ... studied PRRs are toll-like receptors (TLRs) that are transmembrane receptors of blood monocytes and tissue macrophages; once stimulated by their agonists they produce proinflammatory cytokines [15]...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:22

... drm1/2 and observed extensive overlap for both the random-PCR array (Table 1) and the gene-oligo array (313 hypomethylated and 33 hypermethylated in cmt3 drm1/2; Figures 1e and 2) reviews To detect ... field, and we have shown that this connection is widespread and not confined to a few selected and unusual loci We also have demonstrated that the targets of both DNA methylation and histone H3K9 ... of M sodium acetate and ethanol, then pelleted by centrifugation and air-dried Bisulfite treatment of DNA, cloning into a Topo TA vector (Invitrogen, San Diego, CA, USA) and DNA sequencing were...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 15:20

... for his mentor Johnathan Tune, Ph.D., and comentor Kieren Mather, MD This thesis work was incepted and supported from the mutual collaboration and dedication of these two investigators with a ... enabling his integration into an outstanding community of educators, clinicians and scientists This work was supported by NIH grants HL092245 (JDT), HL092799 (KJM), and the Indiana University ... presents as angina pectoris Thus, the relationship between coronary blood flow and metabolism (oxygen supply/demand) is being intensely investigated and therapies that act to rebalance this relationship...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:16

... hostility and migratory status as psychosocial risk factors modified by ethnicity and sex, their relationship to cardiovascular reactivity, and therefore, to CHD Ethnic differences in cardiovascular ... hostility and social support unrelated to α-adrenergic receptor Catecholamines interact with adrenergic receptors (α and β) Each of these receptors has type and When stimulated, α1 receptors lead to ... followed up for 32 to 48 years to examine the risk of premature and total cardiovascular disease associated Ethnic differences in cardiovascular response to stress 21 with anger responses to stress during...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 10:57

... children and adolescents [8] The overall goals are for the students to • know risk factors and be able to ask relevant questions • be able to make the necessary decisions • know and be able to apply ... whole, to show the interviewer’s reaction to the interview, to identify elements of nonverbal behavior, and to call attention to behavior that is relevant to differential diagnosis They proposed ... Austria, Germany, and the Germanspeaking part of Switzerland A short questionnaire provided the opportunity to reach the respondents quickly and without their having to sacrifice too much time But...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 10:06

... IFNγ and TNFα induce keratinocytes to produce IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-12, IL-15, IL 18 and TNFα in addition to several other cytokines, chemokines and growth factors IFNγ is an important mediator ... studies Taken together, it is important not only to be aware of the associations between psoriasis and other cardiovascular risk factors besides hyperlipidemia, but also to be able to 288 identify ... between autoimmune diseases and atherosclerosis Autoimmun Rev 2006; 5: 331-7 Biedermann T, Röcken M, Carballido JM TH1 and TH2 lymphocyte development and regulation of TH cell mediated immune responses...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:40

... hanging interest and arising bad debts Frozen hanging interests and actual debts are usually examined to solve the problem and to infer lessons 1.2 Expressions and criteria to determine credit ... maintain economic security, and maintain prestige and brand In doing credit business, prestige and brand is extremely important, directly affect customers’ behavior • For the customers: A bank that is ... economy With the purpose to improve, expand the operation network, increase prestige, the image of Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam to customers and domestic and foreign credit organizations,...

Ngày tải lên: 27/10/2012, 16:49

... most favorite sectors of Japanese investors were hotel and tourism, which made up 9.4% of total Japan’s FDI, followed by 9.3% of petroleum and gases sector Thanks to the increase of total amount ... into two categories: factor conditions and demand conditions 3.1.1Factor Conditions In accordance with Porter’s distinction (1990), factor conditions include basic factors and advanced factors ... development and assistance to the poverty alleviation According to Ministry of Planning and Investment, Japan is the largest donor of ODA to Vietnam and Japanese ODA to Vietnam accounts for 40% of total...

Ngày tải lên: 27/10/2012, 16:51

... intitled to help director and along with director to run Business operations and to take the regulations and priciples of mother company given into practice Duty director is also responsiblity to director ... to use necessary factors for business activities 1.5.Working capital demand and the driving factors behind Working capital demand always changes and depend on many factors In there, we need to ... company - Director : Director is a person who is resposible for Business operations to chairman and directly running Business activities and has to report them to chairman - Duty director : Duty...

Ngày tải lên: 01/12/2012, 10:21