... APPRAISAL OF THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION: Economic appraisal of the healtheffectsof air pollution. The Stationery Office, London, United Kingdom, 1999. 7. Evaluation and use of epidemiological ... journal of epidemiology, 151: 440–448 (2000). 18. COMEAP. Quantification of the effectsof air pollution on health in the United Kingdom. Department ofHealth Committee on the Medical Effectsof ... adverse effects of air pollution in specific locales; quantifying the effectsof short-term variation of air pollution (including air pollution episodes); and serving as the basis for air pollution...
... that exposure to air pollution may carry a risk of adverse health effects. The request to review healtheffectsof O3, PM and NO2 suggests that each has adverse effects on health per se, although ... the adverse effectsof exposure to different air pollutants on human health. The prime aim of these guidelines was to provide a basis for protecting human health from effectsof air pollution. ... responsible for effects on health? 7. For PM: which of the physical and chemical characteristics of particulate air pollution are responsible for health effects? 8. What is the evidence of synergy...
... evaluation of the effectsof and changes in exposure. More research is needed on the patterns and adverse healtheffectsof population exposure and on the role of the different components of the pollution ... fraction of the total evidence on the effects on healthof urban air pollution. A review of this evidence indicates that transport-related air pollution contributes to an increased risk of death, ... 2 Healtheffectsof transport-related air pollution The mixture of air pollution varies in time and space, depending on several characteristics, such as proximity to roads, the composition of...
... D.V. Health Indices of the Adverse Effectsof Air Pollution: TheQuestion of Coherence; Environ. Res. 1992, 59, 336-349.44. Bates, D.V. The Effectsof Air Pollution on Children; Environ. Health Perspect. ... Analyses of Regional Dif-ferences in Short-Term Effectsof Air Pollution on Daily Mortality inAPHEA Cities. In Revised Analyses of Time-Series of Air Pollution and Health. Special Report; HealthEffects ... InRevised Analyses of Time-Series of Air Pollution and Health. Special Re-port; HealthEffects Institute: Boston, MA, 2003; pp 211–218.149. Schwartz, J. The Effectsof Particulate Air Pollution on...
... and animal HealthEffectsof Particulate Matter Air Pollution C. Arden Pope III Mary Lou Fulton Professor of Economics Presented at EPA Wood Smoke HealthEffects Webinar ... various indices of particulate air pollution. Age-, sex-, and race- adjusted population-based mortality rates in U.S. cities for 1980 plotted over various indices of particulate air pollution (From ... Health studies take advantage of highly variable air pollution levels that result from inversions. 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05...
... Health Promotion, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Of ce on Smoking and Health, 2006. 9 Bernstein J A, Alexis N, Bacchus H, et al. The healtheffectsof ... sources of air pollution can be categorized by type of source and by pollutant group, as shown in Table 1, which also depicts the main healtheffects Table 1 Sources and characteristics of varied ... pollutants and associated health effects 7Pollutant* Sources and characteristics Associated health effects Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)8A complex mixture of >4000 identifi ed chemicals...
... Interactions ofozone with the terminal airway lining fluid and cells Health risks of ozone from long-range transboundary air pollution HEALTH RISKS OFOZONE FROM LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION2 8Fig. ... as-sess the healtheffectsof ozone, and especially the part that is contributed by re-mote sources. The analysis indicates that ozonepollution affects the healthof most of the populations of Europe, ... concentrations of air pollutants, including ozone, independently from the direct effect of high temperatures.Chronic effects in humansIdeally, an assessment of long-term effectsofozone in humans...
... Analysis of Various Models of Short-Term Effectsof Ambient Particles on Total Mortality in 29 Citiesin APHEA2; In Revised Analyses of Time-Series Studies of Air Pollution and Health; HealthEffects ... Analyses of Time-Series of Air Pollution and Health. Special Report; HealthEffects Institute: Boston, MA, 2003;pp 91-96.35. Chow, J.C. Introduction to the A&WMA 2006 Critical Review— Health Effects ... to mindthe oft-used analogy of “under the lamp post” in that PM effects are somehow determined by the mass-dose of PM.There is some discussion of size-based determinants of health effects, but...
... COMPLEXITIES IN RESOLVING GULF WAR AND HEALTH ISSUES Investigations of the healtheffectsof past wars have often focused on narrowly defined hazards or health outcomes, such as infectious diseases ... War and Health: A Review of the Medical Literature Relative to the Gulf War Veterans’ Health Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice 16 GULF WAR AND HEALTH ... president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding...
... human health. The European Centre for Environment and Healthof WHO’s Regional Office for Europe has in particular investigated the healtheffectsof ambient air pollution. The Regional Office ... policy and follow-up of the systematic review 18References 21Acknowledgements 23 74. RESULTS HEALTHEFFECTSOF PM, OZONE AND NITROGEN DIOXIDE Main healtheffects of air pollution – from ... information on the health effectsof air pollution. It is based on the results of a comprehensive review of scientific evidence organized by the World Health Organization in support of air pollution...
... concentration of Cu and Ni in the humus layer was used as an indirect pollution explanatory variable owing to the lack of any direct measurements of the pollution impact.Statistical analysis of ground ... the effectsofpollution on e.g. terrestrial ecosystems. In this paper we address the hypoth-esis that there is a differentiation in the impact and geographical distribution of the effectsof ... north-east of the Nikel smelter, while there was no indication of any pollution effect on the Norwegian plot N5 11.9 km west of the smelter (Fig. 6). This can be explained on the basis of the...
... The Cost of Kyoto Protocol Targets: The Case of Japan Paltsev et al. July 2004113. Air PollutionHealth Effects: Toward an Integrated Assessment Yang et al. July 2004114. The Role of Non-CO2 ... does not account for the effectsof air pollution policies onoverall demand for fossil fuels and on the choice of fuels (coal, oil, gas), nor have we considered the effects of caps on black carbon ... consideration of controlpolicies applied to local air pollution and global climate. It also provides the capability to assessthe effectsof air pollution on ecosystems, and to predict levels of irritants...
... assessment of the respiratory healtheffects associated with passive smoking has been preparedby the Human Health Assessment Group, Office ofHealth and Environmental Assessment, Office of Researchand ... the Office ofHealth and Environmental Assessment (OHEA) withinthe Office of Research and Development, with major contract funding provided by the Indoor Air Divisionwithin the Office of Air ... Council's reports of 1986 7-317-6 Recent epidemiologic studies ofeffectsof passive smoking oncough, phlegm, and wheezing 7-327-7 Recent epidemiologic studies ofeffectsof passive smoking...
... num-ber of other areas of toxicology in which knowledge is needed to support a complete evaluation of the possible healtheffectsof RF exposure; these gaps are identified in the body of the ... Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the healthof the public. The Insti-tute acts under ... president of the National Academy of Sciences.The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding...
... the healtheffectsof particulates can occur independently of the presence of other pollutants, such as ozone, NO2 and SO2. There is also increasing evidence that the adverse healtheffects ... rounding. Health Costs of Air Pollution in the Greater Sydney Metropolitan Region 11 Table 3.1: Summary of adverse healtheffects from PM exposure and susceptible populations Health effects ... assessment of the healtheffectsof air pollution in the GMR.12 This approach is conservative. It produces an ‘at least’ estimate for the health cost of ‘general ambient air pollution ....