iii— physiological mechanisms of gallbladder smooth muscle contraction and relaxation

... affect smooth Ó FEBS 2002 Fig Ablomin specifically inhibits high K+-stimulated contraction of rat-tail arterial smooth muscle (A) Blockage of high K+-induced contraction by ablomin Smooth muscle ... obtained mg of triflin and mg of latisemin from 500 mg of crude venom, respectively The predicted amino-acid sequences of triflin and latisemin are homologous to that of ablomin (83.7 and 61.5%, ... The effects of tigrin and ablomin on rat tail arterial contraction Fig Isolation of tigrin from the Duvernoy’s glands of R tigrinus tigrinus (A) The extract from Duvernoy’s glands of R tigrinus...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 01:20

... Effects of IL-8 on contraction of ASM from CF individuals The length of the cells was measured before (Figure 1, panels A and C) and at 10 minutes after the addition of IL8 (Figure 1, panels B and ... IL-8 CF Figure Contraction of CF and control ASM cells treated with IL-8 Contraction of CF and control ASM cells treated with IL-8 Panels A and B show the images recorded before and 10 minutes ... cytometric analysis of the surface expression of CXCR-1 and CXCR-2 on ASM cells from CF and control patients Representative examples of the expression of CXCR1 and CXCR2 from CF and control patients...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... EGF (A) -and PDGF (B)-induced contraction of guinea pig open-ring tracheal smooth muscle preparations EGF (A) -and PDGF (B)-induced contraction of guinea pig open-ring tracheal smooth muscle preparations ... of Rho-kinase inhibition on prostaglandin-induced contraction Effects of Rho-kinase inhibition on prostaglandin-induced contraction PGE2 (A) -and PGF2α (B)-induced contraction in the absence and ... EGF and PDGF induce airway smooth muscle contraction through contractile prostaglandins These prostaglandins are presumably produced by the consecutive actions of MEK, cytosolic PLA2 and COX and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:22

... cells and the Page of 12 control cells Apparently both MAPK and PAK contribute to the motility of A7r5 cells and these effects are comparable and additive Effect of phosphomimetic mutation of CaD ... to that of untransfected cells The relative migration activity for the A1234-transfected cells was about 13% of the control cells (EGFP), and the ratios of A1A2 and A3A4 were 49% and 47% of the ... discussion at the early phase of this project, and Dr Chan Young Park and Professor Jeffrey Fredberg (of Harvard School of Public Health) for their help in performing and analyzing the traction...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... microscopy for appearance of "hill and valley formation" and by immunocytochemistry staining for α -smooth muscle actin and smooth muscle- specific myosin heavy chain (SM1 and SM2) For the experiments, ... proliferation of epithelial and hematopoietic cells [19]; however, TGF-β1 induces proliferation of the mesenchymal phenotype of cells such as fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and myofibroblasts ... airways or within the smooth muscle cells of the airways The release and persistent presence of TGF-β1 in asthmatic airways may gradually induce airway smooth muscle hypertrophy and hyperplasia Moreover,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... induce proliferation of fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells in vitro, possibly leading to the observed increase in smooth muscle mass in the asthmatic airway CC chemokines Secretion of other cytokines ... fibroblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro and is described as mitogenic for cells of mesenchymal origin Page of 13 (page number not for citation purposes) Respiratory Research Vol No McKay and ... Tagoe S, Costello J, Page C: Stimulation of airway smooth muscle cell mitogenesis by transforming growth factor beta and inhibition by heparin and smooth muscle explant-conditioned media [abstract]...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

... Examples of smooth muscle- specific proteins include smooth muscle α and γ actin, SM-MHC, caldesmon, SM22α, telokin and calponin Although all of these proteins are expressed in smooth muscle some of ... proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts [14] Smooth muscle contractile and regulatory proteins All differentiated smooth muscle is characterized by the presence of unique isoforms of contractile ... Structure and functions of the colon Regulation of colonic contractility .2 Differentiation and development of the colon smooth muscle Smooth muscle contractile and regulatory...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:32

... concern of the 21st century because of a gradual increase in life expectancy The genuine understanding of the mechanisms leading to the formation of amyloid fibrils and its inhibition is therefore of ... presence of aromatic residues in specific structural contexts can accelerate this process by several orders of magnitude Therefore, from the practical point of view, understanding of the mechanism of ... one of the key parameters for predicting the rate of the fibrillization process [36] Molecular dynamics simulations of the stability of preformed amyloid fibrils clearly demonstrated the role of...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 11:20

... soleus muscle (1.7-fold and 2.1-fold, respectively) Therefore the relative amounts of UCP3 protein and mRNA in the three muscles are comparable Effect of fasting on UCP3 protein expression We and ... in SS and IMF mitochondria of gastrocnemius muscle in 24 h-fasted mice Figure illustrates the effects of 24-h fasting on the expression of muscle UCP3 and COX per mg of protein in both mitochondria ... density of UCP3 protein (i.e the intensity of the signal expressed per mg of proteins) was similar in the SS mitochondria of the two glycolytic muscles, tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius, and higher...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 04:21

... as Fas L and RCAS1 may directly induce anticarcinoma immune cell death Secretion of TGF-beta1 and Gal-1, expression of immune inhibitor ligands (B7-H1 -H3 and -H4), upregulation of IDO and/ or ARG ... Loss of classical and/ or up-regulation of non-classical HLA class I expressions may be able to avoid the stimulation of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and NK cells; Up-regulation of pro-apoptotic ligands, ... Induction of TIC apoptosis by expression of pro-apoptotic ligands Fas ligand (FasL) FasL binding to death receptor Fas triggers apoptosis of Fas-expressing cells including TICs Two patterns of FasL...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:21

... 0.00 Figure of Analysis chloride transports in rat airway smooth muscle cells Analysis of chloride transports in rat airway smooth muscle cells A Immunofluorescence study of α -smooth muscle actin ... (COPD) and cystic fibrosis (CF), it is important to understand the mechanisms underlying control of the bronchoconstriction and dilatation Ion channels in epithelial, glandular and smooth muscle ... Pharmacological inhibition and immunolocalisation of CFTR in rat tracheal smooth muscle cells Pharmacological inhibition and immunolocalisation of CFTR in rat tracheal smooth muscle cells A Iodide...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... genetic data JJZ and ADK assisted with analysis of T cell immunity data, and DM and PRG provided commentary on neutralising antibody and viral evolution and helped edit the manuscript AFG and JSS contributed ... responses, regardless of the strength and breadth of the CTL response A decline in this protective p24 response preceded or correlated with loss of non-progressor status and/ or signs of disease progression ... cells/μl, and no history of ART [27,28] Subsequently, loss of LTNP status was defined by any of the following events: a consistent decline in CD4 T cell counts below 500/μl, commencement of ART, and...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... eNANC nerve, and partly by a direct effect on cholinergic transmission [44] The inhibitory effect of µ-opioid ligands on EFS-induced cholinergic contraction of the airway's smooth muscle was also ... nerves in the smooth muscle layer of the trachea and bronchi were less abundant in rat and cat than in guinea-pig [97] In addition, as in the cases of animal models, the density of SP-immunoreactive ... activation of µ-opioid and inhibition of neurokinin receptors can help in the suppression of some varieties of chronic cough In a preliminary study, we found that coadministration of codeine and a...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... rise above 140 mg/dL The focus of this thesis is to understand the molecular mechanisms of insulin-mediated glucose transport into adipose tissue and skeletal muscle and how this process becomes ... regulation of GLUT4 exocytosis and is particularly abundant in skeletal muscle (58, 59) The tissue-specific isoforms of Rab proteins targeted by AS160 and TCB1D1 are currently under study Rab8A and ... brief history of Cr3+ and its impact on glucose and lipid metabolism in 31 health and disease It will also outline several proposed mechanisms for Cr3+ action in adipose and skeletal muscle tissue...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 10:54

... damage of HIV and TB as well as HIV/TB coinfection Expanding and deploying of intervention programs on HIV infection such as giving out clean needles and condoms Expanding medical gridlines and ... 14,769 and (incubatory oral fluid) techniques; 09 studies with total samples of 6,562 and lung x-ray and incubatory oral fluid techniques; 01 study with total samples of 161 and lung x-ray and Mantoux ... however, the conditions of the two health issues go hand in hand HIV was the main cause of failure in the preventive strategy of TB and vice versa, TB was the main cause of fatalities among HIV...

Ngày tải lên: 04/10/2014, 12:44

... question: Mechanosensing mechanisms of talin and αcatenin 16 Strategies and Methods 2.1 19 Theory of force induced structural transitions of protein 20 2.1.1 2.1.2 ... study the mechanical stability of the rod domains of talin and central domain of α-catenin using both wild type and mutant constructs Both talin vii rod domain and α-catenin central domain undergo ... Unfolding force responses of the R9-R12 region of talin rod Unfolding force responses of the R7-R9 region of talin rod Experimental setup of αCM stretching Force responses of wild type αCM...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 08:13

... contains three types of muscle tissue: skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle Skeleton muscle tissue is composed of sarcomeres, the functional units of muscle tissue Muscle contraction occurs ... theory of muscle contraction was developed to fit the differences observed in the named bands on the sarcomere at different degrees of muscle contraction and relaxation The mechanism of contraction ... the length of myofibrils Dark A bands and light I bands repeat along myofibrils, and the alignment of myofibrils in the cell causes the entire cell to appear striated or banded Each I band has a...

Ngày tải lên: 25/08/2016, 13:52

... Program and Canadian Institutes of Health Research Author details Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands 2Department of Basic Sciences, University of Tabriz, ... are a source of chemokines and cytokines that play a role in chronic pulmonary diseases like COPD and asthma, including IL-8 and IL-6 The levels of IL-8 are correlated with the degree of neutrophilic ... TAO, SK, HM, PSH, SZ and RG conceived of the study and designed the experiments AJH contributed the airway smooth muscle cell lines expressing muscarinic receptors TAO, SK, JEN and DR performed the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:22

... mechanical activity of many smooth muscles [1,11–13] (Fig 1) Slow waves cause entry of Ca2+ through opening of L-type Ca2+ channels and contractions of the smooth muscle Cyclical release of Ca2+ from ... Rhythmic constriction and relaxation of these chambers propels lymph fluid through the lymphatic vessels The pacemaking mechanism underlying contractions of lymphatic smooth muscle has been found ... mechanism is that it requires synchronization of large numbers of stores across many cells [4,19] Gastric smooth muscle cells and associated interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) form a syncytium interconnected...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... comparison of Tm5a with smTm allows study of the effects of replacement of muscle exons 1a and 2a by nonmuscle exon 1b, and comparison of Tm5a with Tm5b allows the effects of exchange of exon to ... of the a-Tm molecule For this purpose, we have used the smooth muscle a-Tm (smTm) and the two a-Tm fibroblast isoforms Tm5a and Tm5b, as shown in Fig All of these a-Tm isoforms have a smooth muscle- like ... Fig Exon structure of smooth muscle a-Tm and the two fibroblast isoforms Tm5a and Tm5b with constitutive exons are shown in white, smooth muscle exons in light grey, and nonmuscle exons in dark...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 07:20