hydrogen and fuel cell technologies and related challenges
Performance optimization of a PEM hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell
... 2003;113(1):131-144 [17] M R von Spakovsky, and B Olsommer, Fuel cell systems and system modeling and analysis perspectives for fuel cell development Energy Conversion and Management 2002;43(9-12):12491257 ... the cell They only correlate output with input Semi-empirical models are very useful for estimating the performance of PEM fuel cell stacks and optimization of fuel cell system integration and ... of fuel cells without extensive calculations The present model can be used to investigate the influence of process variables for design optimization of fuel cells, stacks, and complete fuel cell...
Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58
hydrogen oxidation at solid oxide fuel cell anodes mechanistic, kinetic and structural studies
Ngày tải lên: 14/11/2014, 08:37
Prediction of deformation and hygro-thermal stresses distribution in PEM fuel cell vehicle using threedimensional CFD model
... durability in a PEM fuel cell studied using PVDF based radiation grafted membranes fuel cells Fuel Cells 2003; 3(1-2): 21-27 Maher A.R Sadiq Al-Baghdadi Mechanical behaviour of PEM fuel cell catalyst ... exchange membranes used in fuel cells is a major factor in the operating lifetime of fuel cell systems The Membrane-Electrode-Assembly (MEA) is the core component of PEM fuel cell and consists of membrane ... to the development and optimization of fuel cells, improve long-term performance and lifetime, the introduction of cheaper materials and fabrication techniques, and the design and development of...
Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58
A CFD analysis of transport phenomena and electrochemical reactions in a tubular-shaped PEM fuel cell
... in PEM fuel cell design is a tubular-shaped fuel cell Fuel cell companies and research institutes may have carried out various systematic experimental studies for this type of the fuel cell, for ... for the planar and tubular-shaped PEM fuel cell consist of cathode and anode gas flow fields, and the MEA are shown in Figure 2.2 Model equations 2.2.1 Gas flow channels In the fuel cell channels, ... Cathode pressure Inlet fuel and air temperature Relative humidity of inlet fuel and air Air stoichiometric flow ratio Fuel stoichiometric flow ratio Pc Tcell ψ ξc ξa Table Electrode and membrane parameters...
Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58
Design and development of major balance of plant components in solid oxide fuel cell system
... Foulker F R., Fuel Cell Handbook, Van Norstand Reinhold, New York, 1989 [2] Stanley W A., Direct Energy Conversion, Allyn and Bacon, Inc., Boston, 1982 [3] Larminie J., A Dicks, Fuel Cell Systems ... afterburner, a fuel heat exchanger and an air heat exchanger As with any SOFC system, the performance of the INER SOFC system is dependent not only on the design and operating conditions of the fuel cell ... oxide fuel cell power plant systems, Applied Thermal Engineering, 2008 28, 933-941 [6] Lisbona P., Corradetti A., Bove R., Lunghi P., Analysis of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System for Combined Heat and...
Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:10
Hydrogen and Syngas Production and Purifi cation Technologies pdf
... Introduction to Hydrogen and Syngas Production and Purification Technologies 1.4 HYDROGEN ENERGY AND FUEL CELLS The main drivers for hydrogen energy and fuel cells development are listed in Table 1.2 Hydrogen ... production and purification as well as fuel processing for fuel cells Research and technology development on hydrogen and syngas production and purification and on fuel processing for fuel cells have ... hydrogen sources, hydrogen production, hydrogen separation, hydrogen storage, H2 utilization and fuel cells, H2 sensor, and safety aspects, as well Table 1.2 Drivers for Hydrogen Energy and Fuel...
Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 17:20
Small particle chemistry reasons for differences and related conceptual challenges d r baer and j e amonette
... Digitization Trend to cell- level biological control Trend to Pervasive Computing What is Nanotechnology? • Nanotechnology is a branch of science and engineering devoted to the design and production ... Privacy risks – Social and political risks • Other Issues – When and how to regulate or not regulate the technological development? – How to address inevitable ethical challenges? Effects of ... channels and strategies for using the Nanotechnology over Wireless Devices Series in Wireless Technology Developments • Mobile wireless devices support: – Wide range of applications spanning voice and...
Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:53
modern electric hybrid electric and fuel cell vehicles
... 14.4 Fuel Cell System Characteristics 14.5 Fuel Cell Technologies 14.5.1 Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 14.5.2 Alkaline Fuel Cells ... Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells 14.5.4 Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells 14.5.5 Solid Oxide Fuel Cells 14.5.6 Direct Methanol Fuel Cells 14.6 Fuel Supply ... different fuel cell systems are described, with a focus on their operating principles and characteristics, various technologies, and their fuels Specifically, vehicle applications of fuel cells are...
Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 11:35
Modern electric, Hybird Electric and Fuel cell Vehicles pot
... 14.4 Fuel Cell System Characteristics 14.5 Fuel Cell Technologies 14.5.1 Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 14.5.2 Alkaline Fuel Cells ... Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells 14.5.4 Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells 14.5.5 Solid Oxide Fuel Cells 14.5.6 Direct Methanol Fuel Cells 14.6 Fuel Supply ... different fuel cell systems are described, with a focus on their operating principles and characteristics, various technologies, and their fuels Specifically, vehicle applications of fuel cells are...
Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 01:21
Báo cáo y học: "Complex cell behaviors in development: recent progress and emerging challenges" pptx
... visualizing complex cell movements and cellular behaviors in vivo, it is still not a trivial task to link specific genes with these behaviors in developing embryos and this is one of the big challenges ... exciting challenges and we all look forward to the next Joint Meeting of the British Societies for Cell Biology and Developmental Biology in 2006 reviews One of the emerging problems facing both cell ... those lateral primordial cells having the functional receptor migrate to the front and assume the leader position These cells are then able to guide the Cxr4-negative cells along the correct migratory...
Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21
Analysis of transport phenomena and electrochemical reactions in a micro PEM fuel cell with nature inspired flow field design
... governing fuel cell behavior Models that include all parts of a fuel cell are typically two- or three-dimensional and reflect many of the physical processes occurring within the fuel cell [6–16] ... the development and optimization of micro fuel cells, improve long-term performance and lifetime, the introduction of cheaper materials and fabrication techniques, and the design and development ... (36) 2.2.6 Cell power and efficiency Once the cell potential is determined for a given current density, the output power density is found as; Wcell = I E cell (37) where I is the cell operating...
Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:17
Interfacial effects between the structured nanofillers and nafion matrices on the performance of h2 PEM fuel cell
... stationary and transportation uses Fuel cell includes proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), alkaline fuel cell (AFC) and molten ... devices and stationary applications (Gottesfeld et al., 1997) In principle, PEMFC is classified into two subcategories according to fuel- supply: Hydrogen Fuel cell (H2-PEMFC) and fuel cell driven ... efficiency and a quiet operation Fuel cells have been used for stationary power generation as well as for mobile power generation to power cars, trucks, and buses Research and development on fuel cells...
Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 18:51
Experimental and theoretical study of low cost PEM fuel cell catalysts
... structure of a PEM fuel cell 39 2.2 Design and synthesis of fuel cell catalysts 40 2.2.1 Design of fuel cell catalyst at microscale level 40 2.2.2 Design of fuel cell catalyst ... cell setup 16 Figure 1.3 Nyquist plots and equivalent models for (a) purely capacitive cell, (b) simplified Randles cell and (c) Randles cell 18 Figure 2.1 Construction of a single cell ... purely capacitive cell, (b) simplified Randles cell and (c) Randles cell When we have a working electrode immersed in an electrolyte and the surface of the electrode is very inert and there is no...
Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:10
Modeling of transport phenomena in polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks thermal, water, and gas management
... τψπιχαλ ΠΕΦΧ σψστεµ [42] 14 1.4 Πολψµερ ελεχτρολψτε φυελ χελλ 15 = 1.229 V 1.2 ∼ 0.95 - 1.05 V E cell /V ∆G/(2F) OCV η act 0.8 η 0.6 η ohm conc 0.4 0.2 0 2000 4000 i ave 6000 8000 -2 /Am 10000...
Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:02
Pem fuel cell stack modeling and design of DC DC converter for fuel cell energy system
... used, fuel cells can be divided into five types: PAFC (Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell) , AFC (Alkaline Fuel Cell) , PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell) , MCFC (Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell) and SOFC ... describe the fuel cell characteristics, fuel cell model seems to be an effective way to simulate the fuel cell behavior Based on different fuel cell operating modes, different fuel cell behavior ... survey of fuel cell modelling Advantages and disadvantages of different fuel cell modelling techniques are briefly summarized Analytical fuel cell models [7] [8] [9] and empirical fuel cell models...
Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:09
food neophobia among the finns and related responses to familiar and unfamiliar foods
... Approximately similar mean and dispersion statistics have been observed by Pliner and Hobden (1992) in Canadian students; by Frank et al (1997) in US students; and by Frank and Hursti (1999) in a ... ®nding that was similar to US and Swedish populations (Frank & Hursti, 1999) Education is likely to enhance the access and exposures to various stimuli, events and issues, and thereby it can perhaps ... neophobia scores of subjects (Swedish mothers and fathers) were signi®cantly correlated with the number of foods that a subject had never eaten, and Raudenbush and Frank (1999) observed lower familiarity...
Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2013, 21:06
Numerical investigation into premixed hydrogen combustion within two-stage porous media burner of 1 kW solid oxide fuel cell system
... Conference on Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cell November 14-15, 2008, Tainan, Taiwan (2008) [5] Trimis D., Durst F., Combustion in a Porous Medium - Advances and Applications, Combustion Science and Technology, ... (H2-8 LPM) and highest (H2-20 LPM) hydrogen concentrations and establishing the flow rate which satisfies the three design constraints given above at each hydrogen concentration Figs 6(a) and 6(g) ... heat and mass transfer and chemical reactions within both the porous media and the free space regions of the burner Furthermore, the fluid and solid properties depend on the temperature and concentration...
Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28
Basics of PLCs and related s7200
... PLCs and related products Upon completion of Basics of PLCs you should be able to: • • Convert numbers from decimal to binary, BCD, and hexadecimal • Identify typical discrete and analog inputs and ... positioning, and weighing (SIWAREX MS) CPU 221 comes with discrete inputs and discrete outputs and does not accept expansion modules CPU 222 comes with discrete inputs and discrete outputs and accepts ... Inputs and Outputs Discrete inputs and outputs, also referred to as digital inputs and outputs, are either on or off Pushbuttons, toggle switches, limit switches, proximity switches, and relay...
Ngày tải lên: 15/09/2013, 21:26
Tài liệu Explaining Ethnic Minority Poverty in Vietnam: a summary of recent trends and current challenges ppt
... demand and often required capital investment that farmers cannot afford Often models are based on lowland agriculture and are promoted in upland and mountainous areas without prior testing and ... Annual cropland Irrigated annual Perennial cropland Forest land % having land Size1 (m2) % having land2 Size1 (m2) % having land Size1 (m2) % having land Size1 (m2) North East Kinh Ethnic Min 87 ... cropland and forestry land has often been based on the ability to invest in the land with labour and capital Given that poor people, including the ethnic minorities, have a shortage of funds and...
Ngày tải lên: 12/12/2013, 21:15