how innate and adaptive immune responses maintain health

... Control of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses during Infectious Diseases Julio Aliberti Editor Control of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses during Infectious Diseases ... Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil e-mail: andre.bafica@ufsc.br J Aliberti (ed.), Control of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses during ... and maintain control of parasite proliferation and dissemination during both acute and chronic infection (Yap and Sher 1999) Several factors are driven by IFN- activation that have been to shown...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 23:20

... deficiency differently affects acquired versus innate immune responses: adaptive immune- mediated responses are attenuated, whereas in models involving the innate immune response, leptin deficiency causes ... exerts various direct effects on cells involved in the immune and inflammatory responses However, the connection between leptin, immune responses and inflammation in vivo is complex Indeed, leptin/leptin ... on adaptive immune responses and to favor Th1 polarization Taken together, the experimental data collected suggest that chronic leptin deficiency differently affects adaptive versus innate immune...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 08:22

... the innate and adaptive immune systems Changes such as apoptosis of CD4-lymphocytes and of B-lymphocytes and immunoparalysis of monocytes are well recognized among septic patients [3-6] However, ... to our knowledge, to try to compare the early innate and adaptive immune responses of septic patients with different types of infection Early innate immune response of the septic host comprises ... severity SE: standard error Conclusions The presented results reveal that major differences of the early statuses of the innate and adaptive immune systems exist between sepsis and severe sepsis/shock...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:22

... the system, and this includes the immune win, immune loss and immune hyper-response patterns All three of these patterns represent behavior of the real system Since the immune win and immune loss ... The innate immune response is essential for immunity to bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections The cells of the innate immune system recognize well conserved "danger" signals [16], and innate ... second encounter Adaptive immunity is also responsible for processes such as hypersensitivity reactions, autoimmune diseases, cancer and transplant rejection Both the innate and adaptive components...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... Summary of immune and performance traits for pigs from SPF and non-SPF farms1 Table 3: Estimates of direct heritability and pen1 variance ratios for immune traits and average daily gain2, Health ... companies/lines as G1 or G2; however their data (immune measures and performance) were collected three or more years later, and genetic relationships between GX and G1 or G2 were sparse and not included ... cells (monocyte subset) and CD16+ cells (NK cells and monocytes) and APP included AGP, haptoglobin, CRP and transthyretin Immune measurements Leucocyte subset measurements and the storage of plasma...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... Engineering and Biotechnology, India and Dr Q Duong Hong, Institute of Biotechnology, Hanoi, Vietnam, and Falko G Falkner, Baxter Bioscience, Austria for providing H5N1 virus-derived DNA constructs and ... Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, my deepest thanks for all your help and encouragement Last but not least, sincere appreciation and thanks to my family for their patience and support all these ... K Chow, NUS, Singapore for providing H3N2 virus-derived DNA constructs I also thank Dr Alexander N Zakhartchouk, University of Saskatchewan, Canada for providing the human adenovirus vector and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:58

... 1.4.3.1 Humoral immune response 39 1.4.3.2 Cellular immune response 41 CHAPTER 2: MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 Antibodies and synthetic peptides 44 2.2 Viruses 45 2.3 Mice and immunization 46 ... severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the H5N1 influenza A virus Together with innate immunity, the host adaptive immune responses are crucial for the clearance of the virus ... virus (clade 1) was generated and characterized Firstly, the baculovirus-expressed and purified recombinant HA (rHA) was shown to elicit neutralizing humoral and T cell responses in the mouse model...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:58

... body, the next line of defense will be the host immune system which can be divided into two arms, the innate and the adaptive immunity The innate immune response is non-specific but it allows a ... humoral and cellular immune responses against these two viral infections in sections 1.4.2 and 1.4.3 1.4.1 Clinical Features of SARS and H5N1 influenza Clinical presentations of both SARS and H5N1 ... cytopathic effect (cell death) and dysregulated immune response (cytokine storm) (Korteweg & Gu, 2008) 38 1.4.3 Adaptive immune response against viral infection The adaptive immune response unfolds...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:58

... neutrophils, and eccrine glands [13] Cathelicidins kill Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and Trypanosoma cruzi Similar to defensins, cathelicidins participate actively in linking innate and adaptive ... antigen-presenting cells and termination of the immune response [90] Healing Infection and injury provoke tissue damage Immediately after injury, innate immune cells, mostly neutrophils and macrophages, ... Through elaborate feedback mechanisms, they control immune cells as well as nonimmune cells, link innate 6504 immunity to adaptive immunity, and maintain homeostasis Alterations in their physiological...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 06:20

... further confirming a link among zinc, MT, and the innate immune response during aging NKT Cells NKT cells are a bridge between the innate and the adaptive immune systems [65], displaying both cytotoxic ... dysfunction, and zinc supplementation can either restore function in the setting of dysfunction or improve normal immune cell function [49] Zinc and Adaptive Immunity The adaptive immune response ... the buffering capacity and the dissociation constant of the zinc chelating agent [45,46] Zinc and the Immune Response Zinc deficiency affects multiple aspects of innate and adaptive immunity, the...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... GM-CSF and cardiotoxin substantially enhanced the immune responses after intramuscular DNA immunization The advantage of tattoo treatment is the low price of the tattoo device and a standardized ... shown to be higher than that after intradermal injection [7,8] and gene gun delivery [8] DNA vaccines delivered by tattoo were able to induce both cellular [6,7] and humoral antigen-specific responses ... immune responses than intramuscular delivery that was in concordance with previous findings of Bins and coworkers [6] However, in our study we used higher doses of DNA for tattoo delivery and also...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22

... immunogens and adjuvants Innate immune sensors The nucleic acid binding TLRs appear to play pivotal roles in SLE TLR7 and TLR8 bind to single-stranded RNA, TLR3 to double-stranded RNA, and TLR to ... These and other observations discussed below indicate that innate immune recognition plays a key role in the initial development and amplification of the immune response to both nucleic acid and ... if not all cases, these adjuvants are innate immune stimuli Furthermore, although adaptive immune responses can explain such phenomena as epitope spreading and the observed presence of autoantibodies...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:21

... Accountability and Reform, Inc., the Surfrider Foundation’s Palm Beach County and South Florida (Miami-Dade) Chapters, and Wetlands Alert, Inc.256 The groups maintain that sewage effluent and other ... Council and the Environmental Integrity Project ii Swimming in Sewage TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary v Chapter 1: Context Chapter 2: Health and Environmental Impact What’s in Raw Sewage and How ... between 50 and 100 years old,14 can develop cracks or joint openings from the weight and vibration of roads, soil, and structures above them, and from the corrosive actions of water, bacteria and chemicals...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 10:20

... structured and organized and how and which individuals are able to access them” (Barker et al., in press) They also affect how health providers view and therefore treat women and their illnesses and health ... politics of health systems by improving their awareness and handling of women’s problems as both producers and consumers of health care, improving women’s access to health care, and making health ... equity in health and to address women’s rights to health is one of the most direct and potent ways to reduce health inequities overall and ensure effective use of health resources Deepening and consistently...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 12:20

... and FT conceived the study, and participated in its design and coordination and helped draft the manuscript All authors read and approved the final manuscript Competing interests CB, CG, MM and ... guidelines, and all applicable local laws and regulations The study protocol and amendments were approved by an institutional review board and an independent ethics committee Study design and treatments ... anti-tumor effects through innate immune activation and possibly through TLR4/MD-2 activation In the mouse, paclitaxel can mimic bacterial LPS by activating macrophages and DC [26] However this action...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... innate immune cells to better understand the nature of microglial activation Classical roles of peripheral innate immune cells It is now widely accepted that both innate and adaptive arms of the immune ... numerous innate cytokines and cell-surface activation antigen genes (for review see [43,44]) It is still unclear how different TLR responses in innate immune cells (i.e., promotion of innate versus adaptive ... expression, and ability to promote innate versus adaptive immune responses (for a review see [15]) For example, freshly isolated human pDCs express TLR7 and 9, whereas mDCs express TLR1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... proinflammatory immune responses As possible markers of these changes in the immune system we investigated the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-a and measured the lymphocyte cell count Materials and ... Medicine and Toxicology 2010, 5:18 http://www.occup-med.com/content/5/1/18 deprivation and thereby an induction of proinflammatory immune responses [7-9] Cytokine levels correlate with fatique and ... and sleepiness - differences between shift schedules and systems Scand J Work Environ Health 2010, 36:121-133 Sherman BW, Strohl KP: Management of shift work sleep disorder: Alice in Wonderland...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 00:20

... 63-68 Corthier, G Cellular and humoral immune response in pigs given vaccine and chronic hog cholera viruses Am J Vet Res 1978, 39, 1841-1844 Davis, W C., M J Hamilton, and Y.H Park Ruminant leukocyte ... Jeong, and B K Park Enhancement of host immune responses of sows using a non-specific immunomodulator p.22 Proceed 15th International Pig Veterinary Society Congress, Birmingham, England, 5-9 ... J H Gillespie, F W Scott, and J E Barlough Hagan and Brunners microbiology and infectious diseases of domestic animals pp.729-740 8th ed Comstock Pub Assoc., Ithaca and London, 1988 Yoon, I J.,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:23

... therapeutically with CIN and then challenged with OVA and euthanized 18 hours later Lungs were removed, and single-cell suspensions were prepared and plated as described above In this case, however, mononuclear ... abrogated airway eosinophilia and immunoglobulin E (IgE) synthesis,40 and benefits from IFN-c, IL-12, and IL-18 gene therapy have been documented in other animal models.41–43 However, the methods used ... prepared as above, and an amount containing 10 mg of pEGFP was administered intranasally to mice After 1, 3, and days, the mice were euthanized and the lungs were removed and fixed in buffered...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 21:20

... role and expression patterns of FOXP3 in human cells Some of the early indications, both published and unpublished, have shown FOXP3 expression in human CD25+CD4+ T cells ([36], H Yagi and S ... cells might limit anti-tumour or microbial immune responses A strategic manipulation of TR cells might thus be used either to enhance or to dampen immune responses as required The identification ... S, Holland G, Thompson-Snipes L, Leach MW, Rennick D: Enterocolitis and colon cancer in interleukin-10-deficient mice are associated with aberrant cytokine production and CD4+ TH1-like responses...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23