host parasite arms races and their consequences
Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: " Natural hybridization between cultivated poplars and their wild relatives: evidence and consequences for native poplar populations" pdf
... molecular markers and knowledge on their genomic distribution are needed to allow a more accurate and rapid assessment method to quantify introgression To help understand the consequences of introgression, ... nigra, P maximowiczii, and their interspecific hybrids, Can J Bot 68 (1990) 990–998 [84] Spies T.A., Barnes B.V., A Morphological analysis of Populus alba, P grandidentata and their natural hybrids ... indistinguishable and thus not limiting to the hybrids This is probably the case with P balsamifera L., P deltoides, and P × jackii Sarg (natural hybrid of P balsamifera and P deltoides), in part of their...
Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 00:22
Báo cáo y học: " Draft genome sequence of the Daphnia pathogen Octosporea bayeri: insights into the gene content of a large microsporidian genome and a model for host-parasite interactions" pps
... feeding host The parasite reduces host survival and fecundity Its geographic distribution is limited to rock pool D magna populations along the baltic Sea in Finland and Sweden [39] and a single ... on their host for obtaining most of their metabolites and energy For example, it has been indeed recently demonstrated that this parasite and its mitosomes both import ATP from its host via specific ... in lipid and fatty acid metabolism and glycosylation were better represented in O bayeri (37 and 12 proteins, respectively) than either Enc cuniculi (29 and proteins) or Ent bieneusi (8 and proteins),...
Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:20
Individual and ethnic differences in habitual usage of reappraisal and suppression in relationship with their associated psychological and physiological consequences 2
... Regulation and Consequences Individual and Group Differences in Usage of Reappraisal and Suppression Culture Shapes the Relationship between Emotion Regulation Strategies and Consequences Chinese and ... suppression often and become good at it, and therefore suppression usage is associated with ameliorated consequences In addition, Chinese and Indians showed differences in their reappraisal and expression ... Ethnicity, and Condition on CVR Means and (SD) of Self-rated Positive Composite Scores by Ethnicity and Condition and Time Means for Demographic Variables by Gender and Ethnicity Means and SD of...
Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 15:51
Individual and ethnic differences in habitual usage of reappraisal and suppression in relationship with their associated psychological and physiological consequences 3
... strategy and its consequences Chinese and Indians Traditional Chinese and Indian societies are hierarchically organized and patriarchal in nature, and both cultures are predominantly interdependent and ... gender, or their interaction for SWB index Means and standard deviations of each scale and the SWB index were summarized in Table 26 EMOTION REGULATION, CULTURE, AND HEALTH Table Means and (SD) ... between objects and the field By contrast, analytic thought involves the inclination to detach the objects from their context and focus on attributes and category of the objects, and then use rules...
Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 15:51
The role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and their inhibitor in influenza a virus induced host lung injury
... Fiona, Fabian, Hui Ann, Cynthia, Ivan - My past and present labmates, for their unfailing help and support We are like a big family and all the laughter and fun we shared will stay with me throughout ... synthesis The HA and NA molecules then cluster and aggregate at the projection in the host cell membrane as the virus particles are budding off from the host cell, taking along the host cell membrane, ... al, 2010) 2.5 Influenza virus and host defences During an acute influenza virus infection, both arms of immunity: Innate and adaptive, are important in protecting the host against the pathogen The...
Ngày tải lên: 13/10/2015, 16:41
Attackers and Their Attacks
... disinformation and propaganda – Deny service to legitimate computer users – Commit unauthorized intrusions into systems and networks that result in critical infrastructure outages and corruption ... malicious intent • Use their skills to expose security flaws Crackers • Person who violates system security with malicious intent • Have advanced knowledge of computers and networks and the skills to ... employees, and cyberterrorists • Password guessing is a basic attack that attempts to learn a user’s password by a variety of means • Cryptography uses an algorithm and keys to encrypt and decrypt...
Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2012, 10:43
Báo cáo y học: " Predictors of hepatic steatosis in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B patients and their diagnostic values in hepatic fibrosis"
... evaluate the predictors of clinical and pathological characteristics in these patients with steatosis and their diagnostic values in hepatic fibrosis Patients and methods Patients A total of 204 ... steatosis (83 men and 23 women, mean age: 41.08±10.23 years) and the remaining 98 patients were excluded from hepatic steatosis (79 men and 19 women, mean age 39.4±9.81 years) Their diagnoses were ... activity), and G3 (severe activity) All the sections were blindly and independently assessed by pathologists and the results were processed by the Kappa concordance test The inter- and intra-observer...
Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:48
Báo cáo y học: "Natural History and Clinical Consequences of Hepatitis B Virus Infection"
... Europe, India, and Africa Genotype B and C are common in Asia; genotype D, in southern Europe, the Middle East, and India; genotype E, in West Africa and South Africa; genotype F, in South and Central ... infection Hence, further research and understanding in this sector may bring exciting new information and better understanding of the natural history of HBV and supplement our existing armamentarium ... Transmission and Vaccination Perinatal or horizontal infection early in childhood are the main routes of HBV transmission in high endemic region, such as Asia, Africa, Pacific Islands and the Arctic and...
Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2012, 11:17
GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND SPERM QUALITY OF STRESS NEGATIVE PIÉTRAIN BOARS AND THEIR HYBRIDS WITH DUROC
... Growth Performance and Sperm Quality of Stress Negative Piétrain Boars and Their Hybrids with Duroc Kawecka et al (2008), Wysokinska et al (2009), Pokrywka and Tereszkiewicz (2011) and Luc et al (2011; ... Carcass composition and meat quality of crossbreds between F1(LandracexYorkshire) sows mated with LandracexDuroc (omega) and PietrainxDuroc (Pidu) Crossbred Boars Journal of Science and Developement ... 219 Growth Performance and Sperm Quality of Stress Negative Piétrain Boars and Their Hybrids with Duroc Table Production performance, Least square means (LSMSE) of PiDu and Piétrain boars Variable...
Ngày tải lên: 28/08/2013, 11:59
Frequency of Routine and Flooding-stage Observations for Precise Annual Total Pollutant Loads and their Estimating Method in the Yodo River
... River and their runoff characteristics (Ebise et al (2001, 2003, 2004 and 2006)) Here, pollutants contain organic matter, nutrients, SS and other measured substances Fig - Map of the Yodo River and ... loads, Proc of Environmental and Sanitary Research, (JSCE), 20, 27-38 Ebise, S., Inoue, T and Numabe, A (1993) Runoff characteristics and observation methods of pesticides and nutrients in rural rivers, ... composite sample and analyzed inorganic ions and organic matter The water samples taken at the three points spanning the river during the five flooding-stages were analyzed individually, and the representative...
Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:38
Undaria pinnatifida Habitat Loss in Relation to Sea Urchin Grazing and Water Flow Conditions, and Their Restoration Effort in Ogatsu Bay, Japan
... seaweed and aquaculture Midori Press, Tokyo, pp 133 - 144 Turner, M G., Gardner, R H and ÓNeill R V (2004) Landscape ecology in theory and practice: Pattern and process, Nakagoshi, N and Hara, ... from the bottom and thus, allowing the recovery of U pinnatifida and other non-encrusting macroalgae Both buoyed reefs were made of wood and their length was 1.0 m with 1.0 m width and 16 cm height ... macrophyte flora and infauna in the outer and inner areas of the bay A total of 16 macrophyte species in 2003 and 15 species in 2004 were observed in Line (Table 1) U pinnatifida and crustose coralline...
Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:38
Nitrogen Dynamics and Biomass Production in a Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland Cultivated with Forage Rice and their Mathematical Modeling
... (3) where NHi and NOi represent NH4-N and NO2+3-N in the ith layer [g-N/m2], respectively, and Nrice is the rice nitrogen [g-N/m2] The terms radv,NH,i and radv,NO,i are the NH4-N and NO2+3-N inflow ... production and water treatment and a detailed understanding of the nitrogen dynamics in VF constructed wetlands CONCLUSIONS In the experimental pots replicating VF constructed wetlands, a variety ... with growth Assuming Monod-type nitrogen uptake kinetics (Selim and Iskandar, 1981) and ignoring the temperature effects, the NH4-N and NO2+3-N uptake by rice is described as rup , NH ,i = k N ,up...
Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:38
Characteristics of Leachate from Citrus Groves and their Changes in the Collecting Reservoirs in Matsuyama, Japan
... and Environment Technology, Vol 9, No.2, 2011 In this study, runoff characteristics of materials such as organics, nutrients and inorganic matters from a citrus grove were investigated, and their ... in detail and material balances around reservoirs were considered RESEARCH PROCEDURE Location: Matsuyama region and periphery of the Seto Inland Sea The location of the research area and the distribution ... growth chamber under dark condition, and the temperature was maintained constant between 10°C and 30°C RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Materials runoff characteristics and variation in the reservoir Fig...
Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:17
Changes of temperature data for energy studies over time and their impact on energy consumption and CO2 emissions. The case of Athens and Thessaloniki – Greece
... indicator and the basis for calculations of heating and cooling energy demand [1] or for estimating bin data and heating and cooling degree-days at any base [2, 10, 11] Table shows the monthly and ... cooling demands is 28.5% and for Thessaloniki 13.2% Obviously, directly proportional to the energy demand for heating and cooling is the fuel (diesel oil) and electricity consumption and hence ... measures applied to dwellings Energy and Buildings 200, 37, 982-95 Frank Th Climate change impacts on building heating and cooling energy demand in Switzerland Energy and Buildings 2005, 37, 1175-85...
Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:10
Biochemical characterization of thermophilic lignocellulose degrading enzymes and their potential for biomass bioprocessing
... (filer paper), BWX and PWSD The enzyme kinetic studies for cellulase and xylanase (Km and Vmax) were performed with 1-10 mg/ml of CMC and BWX, respectively [35] The crude cellulase and xylanase were ... albumin as standard [38] All experiments were run in duplicate and standard deviations (SD) were calculated using Microsoft Excel and results were presented as average ± SD Results and discussion ... other hand, the residual xylanase activity after and h of incubation was 99%, at 500C, and 89%, at 600C, respectively (Figure 4b) At 60oC, the half-life of cellulase and xylanase was 15 h and 18...
Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:11
A study of the linguistic features of suggestion verbs in english and their vietnamese equivalents
... - To describe the syntactic and semantic features of SVs in English and their Vietnamese equivalents - To find out the differences and similarities between ESVs and their Vietnamese equivalents ... 100% THEIR VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS 4.2.1 DEMAND, ORDER & REQUIRE and Their Vietnamese Equivalents Table 4.38 A Summary of the Meaning Nuances of DEMAND and Their Vietnamese Equivalents Verb English ... Literature Review and Theoretical Background; Chapter is Methods and Procedure; Chapter is Findings and Discussions; Chapter is Conclusions and Implications Chapter LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL...
Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2013, 13:17
A study of verbs of matching in english and their vietnamese translational equivalents
... on the syntactic and semantic features of Rand, “Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets” by J.K.Jowing, CORRESPOND, FIT, MATCH, and SUIT including the analysis of “Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s ... From these novels and short stories, 300 examples are quoted, analyzed, and used as the chief source for the qualitative evidence - Analyzing the samples and describing EMVs and their discussion ... tense, aspect, voice, mood, person and number RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY In “The Functional Analysis of English” by Thomas Bloor and 3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY Meriel Bloor [14,...
Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2013, 13:18
A study of some linguistic features of expressions describing the villains in kiều story and their english translational equivalents
... Sino-Vietnamese words; Chinese and Vietnamese idioms and general and in translating from Vietnamese into English and vice versa as well 1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES proverbs and lots of classical references, ... These words and expressions the villains (EDVs) in Ki u’s Story in terms of lexical and semantic are so lively and keen that the Vietnamese frequently use to express aspects and their English ... proverbial and duplicative The descriptive method helps the study describe and demonstrate EDVs in the Story of Ki u and their equivalents in the English versions in relation to the lexical and semantic...
Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2013, 13:21