... payment or donation, but an enforced contribution, exacted pursuant to legislative authority and is any contribution imposed by government Environmental challenges are increasing the pressure on governments ... Competitiveness concerns need to be carefully assessed; coordination and transitional relief can be effective responses Clear communication is critical to public acceptance of environmental taxation Environmental ... costs Environmental taxes can be divided into two categories: indirect taxes: based on the value of goods cause environmental pollutionIn Vietnam, the Law on Environmental Protection was passed...
Ngày tải lên: 09/05/2014, 00:01
... Convention on Wetland of International Significance (RAMSAR) Convention on International Trade in Endangered species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITIES) United Nations Framework Convention on ... claimed Exclusive Economic Zone of almost one million km2 The country is endowed with latitudes and altitudes, land forms, and a monsoon climate varying form humid tropical conditions in the southern ... management in Vietnam Environmental legislation in Vietnam includes the National Law on Environmental Protection (NLEP), which came into force on 10 January 1994 The NLEP itself strongly advocates a preventative...
Ngày tải lên: 22/04/2013, 14:21
Tài liệu CHAPTER 65 AIR POLLUTION-CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES C. A. Miller United States Environmental Protection ppt
... formation reactions depend upon the presence of hydrocarbon radicals and O2, and since the hydrocarbon-oxygen reactions are much faster than the nitrogen-oxygen reactions, a controlled introduction ... the combustion environment, NOx is ideally suited to control by means of modifying the combustion conditions There are several methods of applying these combustion modification NOx controls, ranging ... of combustion modifications alone In these instances, postcombustion controls must be used There are two primary postcombustion NOx control technologies, selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR)...
Ngày tải lên: 17/12/2013, 14:15
Tài liệu toolkit community mural A fAcilitAtor’s guide to mobilising community environmentAl pptx
... (dependant on project) Promote & celebrate completion of the mural (no guided activity) Celebration & promotion (dependant on event) Activity ‘Reflection & evaluation’ Fifth session (45 minutes) ... Possible sources of information and contacts are listed on the next page What to do: Consider the available options for obtaining more information relating to the environmental issue that you have ... Contacts and sources of information regarding environmental issues • Live and Learn Environmental Education • Consult technical papers or reports written about the issue • Ministry of Environment...
Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2014, 12:20
Tài liệu NIEHS/EPA Children’s Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Centers: Protecting Children’s Health for a Lifetime pptx
... translation of basic research findings into applied intervention and prevention methods and strategies n Enhance communication, innovation and research n Promote multidisciplinary interactions among ... contributions to the scientific understanding of complex interactions between the environment, genetics, and other factors and how those interactions affect children’s health from preconception ... to include research on neurobehavioral disorders with the addition of four Centers – two dedicated to research on environmental factors potentially related to autism, one on the impact of exposure...
Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2014, 19:20
Tài liệu A New Angle on Sovereign Credit Risk - E-RISC: Environmental Risk Integration in Sovereign Credit Analysis ppt
... 500,000 Brazil France National CO2 emissions (2009), in kT India Japan Turkey Tons of carbon dioxide emissions, per capita Thousand tons of carbon dioxide emissions Carbon emissions: total and per capita, ... both production and consumption E-RISC: Environmental Risk Integration in Sovereign Credit Analysis FIGURE 4: Ecological Footprint of consumption, Ecological Footprint of production, and biocapacity ... of consumption indicates the consumption of biocapacity by a country’s inhabitants The Ecological Footprint of production indicates the consumption of biocapacity resulting from production processes...
Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 03:20
Tài liệu Environmental Assessment of Estuarine Ecosystems A Case Study pdf
... Trace Metal Concentrations 41 3.4.2 PCB Concentrations 44 3.4.3 PAH Concentrations 45 3.4.4 PBDE Concentrations 46 3.5 Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) ... because of very low concentrations, extreme precautions are necessary to avoid secondary contamination and the time Introduction scales of change may be as short as diurnal On the other hand, sediments, ... as mentioned above, through changes in oxido-reduction conditions, can influence metal speciation in relation to the sulfur cycle Small species would have little impact on bioturbation and could...
Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 19:20
Tài liệu A REVIEW OF INDOOR AIR POLLUTION AND HEALTH PROBLEMS FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE: FOCUSING ON THE STUDIES OF INDOOR AIR ENVIRONMENT IN JAPAN COMPARED TO THOSE OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES pptx
... indoor and outdoor air purification and to purify water contaminated with low concentrations of toxic pollutants.150) JAPANESE REGULATIONS ON FORMALDEHYDE EMISSION FROM ARCHITECTURAL MATERIALS ... Case Definition Arch Environ Health, 48, 19–26 1999 Consensus on Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (1999) Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: A 1999 Consensus Arch Environ Health, 54, 147–149 Anonymous (1997) ... because of wrong utility work, and about the trial afterwards Indoor Environ., 12, 13–24 (in Japanese) Abe, K (1998) Fungal Index and Contamination in Air Conditioners when cooled Indoor Environ., 1,...
Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20
Tài liệu Indoor air pollution in developing countries: a major environmental and public health challenge doc
... indirectly by combining information on pollutant concentrations in each microenvironment where people spend time with information on activity patterns (21) Information on such patterns is very important ... effects Wheezing, exacerbation of asthma Respiratory infections Chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Low birth weight ... stoves (43) Chronic pulmonary disease Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease In developed countries, smoking is responsible for over 80% of cases of chronic bronchitis, i.e inflammation of the lining...
Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20
Tài liệu Tax compliance costs: A business administration perspective ppt
... pe Thus, under the assumption of rational choice, a taxpayer chooses the cost-optimal mix of administration strategies according to this condition ( Using (7) condition (8) can be written as pe ... described by a fraction of the overall compliance costs CC Except from the cost burden each record contains information on the dispersion on different cost categories (personnel costs PC including ... into account (see also Hudson and Godwin 2000) By contrast the analytical model implies that a rational decision maker selects a tax simplification option if a reduction of compliance costs is...
Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 08:20
Tài liệu 480(2012) Expenses and benefits A tax guide doc
... Section 554A Types of taxable benefits Section 201(2) Sections 97, 201(2) and 315 Section 205 4.3 Section 149 Section 62, Sections 206(2) and (3) Sections 62 and 90 Section 223 Section 211 Section ... provision of a motor vehicle, boat or aircraft, nor involves the extension, conversion or alteration of living accommodation or a building on land adjacent to it, or the construction of a building on ... valuation of non-cash benefits received by any taxpayer: • on or after April 1998 in connection with termination of employment, or • from a non-approved retirement benefits scheme For information on...
Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 04:20
Tài liệu THE BUFFETT RULE: A BASIC PRINCIPLE OF TAX FAIRNESS docx
... But as a recent analysis by the Congressional Research Service concluded, “the current U.S tax system violates the Buffett rule in that a large proportion of millionaires pay a smaller percentage ... on the actual income distribution in 2005, with their incomes adjusted for the national average wage growth each year before and after This effectively controls for changes in the distribution ... federal income taxes on their million-plus-dollar incomes, according to the IRS • The distribution of taxes paid among the 400 richest Americans is particularly striking One out of every three...
Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 19:20
Tài liệu THE ''''FAT TAX'''': ECONOMIC INCENTIVES TO REDUCE OBESITY pdf
... Oldfield, Z (2004), Consumption Trends in the UK, 1975–99, London: Institute for Fiscal Studies British Heart Foundation (2003), Coronary Heart Disease Statistics 2003, London: BHF Education Department ... calorie consumption across the income distribution Source: Authors’ calculations from the National Food Survey 16 Figure 11 Distributional effects of a ‘calorie tax’ Source: Authors’ calculations ... rigorously, and consultation with the food industry, organisations concerned with obesity, food retailers and the medical profession would be paramount Monitoring and reevaluation of tax rates...
Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 19:20
Báo cáo " A new Environmental Poverty Index (EPI) for monitoring system in the SEA (Strategic Environmental Assessement) procedure " docx
... education, and a purpose in life The narrower conception is contained within the broader conception, as welfare is contained in well-being Although the ADB’s commitment to poverty reduction is ... poverty reduction in a geographical context, rather than in an eco-system context alone The environmental poverty perspective divides the poor according to the environmental conditions that affect ... year prepared a study on the “environments of poverty” seen from the (poor) people’s perspective [1] The book reviews the latest consensus on poverty-environment connections and summarizes emerging...
Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 16:20
ELEGANT ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY APPLIED TO ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS - A PRACTICAL SYMPOSIUM ppt
... (similar) to environmental conditions, and selective sampling to determine bioavailable concentrations in the field Bioconcentration factor (BCF), the ratio of a chemical’s concentration in an aquatic ... tissue concentration (body burden), rather than aqueous concentration This enables a relatively direct comparison between controlled laboratory test data and a complex dynamic environment In simple ... either discipline alone Aquatic Toxicity In conventional laboratory testing of toxicity to aquatic organisms care is taken to deliver a constant freely soluble aqueous concentration of test chemical...
Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 21:20
Environmental and Occupational Causes of Cancer: A Review of Recent Scientifi c Literature ppt
... were due to pollution and 4% to occupation, with ranges of acceptable estimates of less than 1% to 5% for the pollution contribution and to 8% for the occupation contribution In this same table, ... Combustion Products Petroleum products, motor vehicle exhaust (including diesel), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), soot, and dioxins Radiation Ionizing radiation Non-ionizing radiation An ... Occupational Disease and Injury 2nd ed Washington DC: American Public Health Association; 2005, 365-367 122 Hardell L, Axelson O Environmental and occupational aspects on the etiology of non-Hodgkin's...
Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 01:20
The working families’ tax credit and some European tax reforms in a collective setting pdf
... Notes: Education variables: school2 dummy for leaving full time education aged 17 or 18; school3 dummy for leaving full time education aged 19 and over; London a regional dummy for London Only variables ... Notes: Based on Family Resources Survey 1998/99 data Actual wages conditional on wages being reported; usual hours worked per week (including overtime) conditional on employment; education groups ... work Finally, because receipt of the WFTC is conditional on at least one person working 16 h, we should not see any couple with at least one person in work prior to the reform become a ‘workless’...
Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 08:20
Ground Water Pollution and Emerging Environmental Challenges of Industrial Effluent Irrigation: A Case Study of Mettupalayam Taluk, Tamilnadu pptx
... Regular Observation Well Data (January 1992 to May 2005) Descriptions Thekkampatti Irumporai Karamadai Block PrePostPrePostPrePostMonsoon Monsoon Monsoon Monsoon Monsoon Monsoon 14 12 14 11 26 ... also show that post-monsoon samples have high concentration of EC (>2.25 dS/m)16 as compared to premonsoon samples Table 5: Interpretation of Irrigation Water Quality based on EC measurement EC ... pollution load of Mettupalayam municipality constitutes 61 tonnes of TDS, 50 tonnes of TSS, tonnes of BOD, 18 tonnes of COD, 19 tonnes of Chloride and tonne of Sulphate (MSE, 2005) 12 494 tonnes/year...
Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 15:21
An Assessment of the Environmental Implications of Oil and Gas Production: A Regional Case Study pot
... bed methane Continuous emissions monitor Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule Methane Chemical injection Colorado Carbon monoxide Carbon dioxide Colorado Storage Tank Information System Clean ... other regions, providing an additional reason for focusing this analysis on Region Section 2.2 and Appendix A provide further details on the unique characteristics of Region and Section 2.3.2 ... techniques are employed) Additionally, unconventional oil and gas production tends to involve considerably more energy and water use than conventional extraction operations 10 Growing U.S demand for...
Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 16:20
A review of non-financial incentives for health worker retention in east and southern Africa pot
... consultations (de Loor and Hutton, 2003; Calson, 2004), the Ugandan health sector has undergone many reforms, including decentralisation and the adoption of the SWAP for donor funding (Hutton, ... Also under consideration are better and longer leave benefits, improvements in the hospital environment, the provision of recreational facilities, and greater recognition and appreciation for rural ... poor retention of staff, out-migration to the United Kingdom, low output of health professionals from the country's training institutions, poor working conditions and poor conditions of service,...
Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 19:20
Bạn có muốn tìm thêm với từ khóa: