health effects of urban air pollution in india

... in indoor air Therefore, indoor exposure, including that in occupational settings, dominates total exposure for many pollutants Indoor sources of air pollution can be categorized by type of source ... through an increase in lung infections Indoor air pollution from indoor burning of solid fuels has been associated with an increased risk of several diseases and health conditions (Table 3) In general, ... developing countries Recent reviews have dealt with domestic indoor pollution as a health problem in industrialized countries.9,10 INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Household use of solid...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... for the large number of low income households that use it as a cooking, lighting fuel even in urban areas and potentially produce trade-offs in terms of indoor air pollution, as they are forced ... situation in the capital of sindh province These measures, pursuant to Supreme Court rulings in May 2006, include supply of metered lubricating oil premixed with gasoline and a ban on the sale of loose ... technology has run into problems of clogged injectors, because of inadequate deposit control in in-use gasoline Similarly, the effectiveness and durability of fourstroke engines on M2W vehicles...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 21:20

... countries [1,2] Urban studies from India in last decade have shown increasing overall prevalence of hypertension from 6.64% in 1988 to 36.4% in 2003 considering cut off mark 140/90 mm of Hg [6-16] ... control of hypertension among the elderly in Bangladesh and India: a multicentre study Bull World Health Organ 2001; 79: 490-500 Gupta R Meta analysis of prevalence of hypertension in India Indian ... Washington DC: US Government printing office 1977 Dash SC, Swain PK, Sunderam KR, Malhotra KK Hypertension epidemiology in an Indian Tribal population Journal of Associated Physician Of India...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2012, 11:12

... Developing Asian and Pacific Countries, Policy Uses of Particulate Exposure Estimates, Total Exposure as the Basis of Economic Valuation of Air Pollution in India, Indoor Air Pollution (in Health ... Environmental Science and Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India He has been a member of review committees of the World Health Organization; Committee on Indoor Environment Quality, ... culture in influencing perceptions as well as the inconsistencies in how people act and think During the same time new evidence had emerged about the effects of air pollution, especially fine particulate...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 16:20

... that there is a link between exposure to air pollution and the effects on health These effects can vary in severity including mortality (death) and morbidity (the occurrence of illnesses throughout ... of life-year or numbers of deaths over time attributable to air pollution in Greater London The main purposes of the Study were: • • To provide data to inform the development of the Mayor’s Air ... effects of varying severity, including deaths (mortality) It is now widely acknowledged that long-term exposure to air pollution (exposure to pollution over the entire life span of an individual) increases...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... ShZ 2000 Investigation on the indoor air pollution of using fuel for cooking in Guangzhou city Chin J Health Lab Technol 10(2):165–66 Qin YH 1991 Indoor air pollution in four cities in China J Environ ... Generally speaking, urban air quality in China is improving with the percentage of cities meeting Class II of the CNAAQS increasing for over 300 cities as shown in Figure (10) During the ninth five-year ... concentrations of CO and NOx in the urban area of Beijing J Environ Sci Health 36(2): 215–28 Qin Y, Chan LY 1993 Traffic source emission and street level air pollution in urban areas of Guangzhou, south China...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 01:21

... Project 18 Slum Slum Training center, slum Training center, slum Training center, slum Training center, slum Training center Training center Training center Training center Training center week weeks ... existing groups Topics Covered During AGG Training in the five experimental slums were trained to Objectives of the workshop provide counseling about vocational training Vocational training in ... This preliminary step revealed many of the difficulties of working in urban slums, including fixing boundaries of the slum versus non-slum area and arriving at a functional definition of a household...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 14:20

... MODEM Air Quality Trends SO2 Within standard in most of metro cities and showing decreasing trend NO2 Exceeding standard in few metros and showing increasing trend in some metros RSPM Exceeding ... IMPACT OF INTERVENTIONS ON AIR QUALITY OF DELHI (1996 Vs 2003) CONTINUOUS AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATION IN INDIA PM 10 & 2.5 CONTINUOUS MONITOR AT BHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG (ITO), NEW DELHI Inside ... Power Plant Closure of hazardous air polluting industries Shifting of highly polluting industries from nonconforming areas (residential area) to conforming area (approved industrial area) Emission...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 14:20

... status of air pollution in the city Banning old vehicles (more than 20 years) will decrease air pollution Air pollution has greatly increased due to the increase in the number of vehicles Air pollution ... the air quality Brick kilns operating during the winter contribute to an increase in air pollution levels during this season Since the complex topography of Kathmandu results in limited air pollution ... (1997) ‘The Health Benefits of Air Pollution Control in Delhi’ American Journal of Economics, 1625-1629 Dasgupta, P (2001) Valuing Health Damages from Water Pollution in Urban Delhi: A Health Production...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 14:20

... Pollution In Asia Introduction Section Focus on Urban Air Pollution 1.1 Causes of Urban Air Pollution in Asia Section Types of Air Pollution Rural Air Pollution Indoor Air Pollution Regional ... Transboundary Air Pollution Urban Air Pollution in Asia Climate Change and Urban Air Pollution 9 10 15 17 Section Principles of Air Quality Management 21 Air Quality Management in Practice Air Quality ... pollution index APINA Air Pollution Information Network APMA Air pollution in the megacities of Asia project APNEE Air Pollution Network for Early warning and on-line information Exchange in Europe...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 14:20

... demonstrating and documenting the adverse effects of air pollution in specific locales; quantifying the effects of short-term variation of air pollution (including air pollution episodes); and serving ... variation of pollution, including air pollution episodes; - serving as the basis for air pollution alert systems; - periodic assessments of the health effects of air pollution over time; - providing indirect ... assessing and costing the health impacts of ambient particulate air pollution in the UK Edinburgh, December 2000 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AD-HOC GROUP ON THE ECONOMIC APPRAISAL OF THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 11:20

... highlights some of the main findings of the WHO project “Systematic review of health aspects of air pollution in Europe”, which provides essential input to EU policy-making on air quality, in particular ... the health effects of air pollution – are becoming increasingly expensive There is thus a growing need for accurate information on the effect of air pollution on health as a basis for designing ... scientific judgement of a wide range of experts working in various disciplines related to the assessment of the effects of air pollution on health According to WHO rules, a Declaration of Interests form...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 11:20

... fraction of the total evidence on the effects on health of urban air pollution A review of this evidence indicates that transport-related air pollution contributes to an increased risk of death, ... The effects on health of transport-related air pollution are among the leading concerns about transport Research in recent decades consistently indicates the adverse effects of outdoor air pollution ... is one of the instruments that can signicantly reduce the exposure of residents of urban areas In addition, the integration of environmental and health considerations into urban planning can...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 11:20

... Analyses of Regional Differences in Short-Term Effects of Air Pollution on Daily Mortality in APHEA Cities In Revised Analyses of Time-Series of Air Pollution and Health Special Report; Health Effects ... Use of Generalized Additive Models in Time-Series Studies of Air Pollution and Health; Am J Epidemiol 2002, 156, 193-203 120 Health Effects Institute Revised Analyses of Time-Series of Air Pollution ... Bates, D.V Health Indices of the Adverse Effects of Air Pollution: The Question of Coherence; Environ Res 1992, 59, 336-349 44 Bates, D.V The Effects of Air Pollution on Children; Environ Health...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 11:20

... yr prospective follow-up of 8,111 adults living in six U.S cities Monitoring of TSP PM10, PM2.5, SO4, H+, SO2, NO2, O3 Data analyzed using survival analysis, including Cox Proportional Hazards ... underlying coronary artery disease # of Risk Factors 4+ # of Diseased Vessels 1 0.00 -5.00 -10.00 Figure Percent increase in risk (and 95% CI) of acute coronary events associated with 10 mg/m of ... trends in exposure) (Holly Janes, Lianne Sheppard, Thomas Lumley Statistics in Medicine and Epidemiology 2005) % 5.00 4-day moving av 3-day moving av 3-day lag 4-day moving av 3-day moving av...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 11:20

... meet local needs in dealing with SHS.152) CONCLUSION Healthy indoor air is a fundamental right for people studying in schools, working in of ces and living in residences Indoor air quality plays ... phthalates were detected predominantly in indoor air samples.93) The dominant path of phthalates intake was the ingestion of foodstuffs compared to inhalation of indoor air by children.94) n-Tetradecane ... areas complained of narrowness of their houses in the 1960 s At the time, airtight houses started to be built in urban area, and air pollution due to a lack of fresh air because of the low ventilation...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... for PM-10 is interpreted as resulting in an increase in pollution levels in the long-run This results in a U-shaped curve, instead of the inverse-U defined by the EKC This may be explained by the ... decline in pollution intensity with rising income along the EKC’ 10 | P a g e     B Empirical In an empirical analyses of the EKC, two topics are of main interest: first, the calculation of the ... air pollution problems in cities and the level of development As a city experiences development, the air pollution problems in the city increase rapidly, before stabilizing and declining as air...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 16:20

... approach of using one pollutant as an indicator of the air pollution mix and only estimating the impact of PM10 above a baseline will probably underestimate the impact of air pollution In Sydney, ... exposed to air pollution Epidemiological studies of the health effects of air pollution can be classified as investigating acute effects or chronic effects: • • Studies of acute effects assess ... confounding factors, time considerations in air pollution effects (e.g lags and latencies), individual variations in air pollution exposure and exposure misclassification Health Costs of Air Pollution...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... approximate, but they indicate the importance of particulate air pollution when indicators are established to monitor health effects of air pollution A few other health effects of air pollution have ... and suffer worse air pollution Years of life lost A more refined estimate of the health effects is obtained by including an analysis of the age of people affected, and the years of life lost by ... findings suggest that relative deprivation may increase vulnerability to the effects of particulate air pollution on daily mortality, independently of the effects of age and local variation in...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... finding could be interpreted in many ways, the prominent reporting of pulmonary effects in the review without considering this finding indicates a lack of evenhandedness Finally, there has been interest ... EUROPART Airborne Particles in the Indoor Environment A European Interdisciplinary Review of Scientific Evidence on Associations between Exposure to Particles in Buildings and Health Effects; Indoor Air ... understanding the relationship between health effects and air pollution Dr Wyzga specializes in the design, conduct, and interpretation of epidemiological health studies and development of health...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 20:20