health economics in asthma and copd

... matrix proteins may play a role in the remodelling of airways and blood vessels in COPD In COPD patients, as compared to non -COPD patients an increased staining for fibronectin in the neointima, ... changes in the bronchial wall in both asthma and COPD, there are distinct differences in detail between these situations Angiogenesis seems to be a typical finding in asthma, while, in COPD, little ... remodelling and respective functional effects in asthma and COPD Structural changes Functional effects Asthma COPD Vascular remodelling with inner airway wall thickening Decreased baseline airway...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:22

... * HRQoL, COPD, and asthma In the current analyses, we chose to join self-reported asthma and spirometrically defined COPD in one group Firstly, aging is an established risk factor for COPD [17,30,31] ... breath in the last 12 months Woken by attack of coughing in the last 12 months Usually cough first thing in the morning in winter? Usually cough in day or night during winter? Voll-Aanerud et al Health ... Questionnaire information Information on respiratory symptoms was obtained in ECRHS II by questions 1-11 listed in appendix Asthma was defined as ever having had asthma, question 12 in appendix...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 16:20

... sources included in the model were: road traffic, shipping, aviation, railroad, industries and larger energy and heat producers, small scale heating, working machines, working vehicles, and working ... especially in relation to the prevalence of COPD/ chronic bronchitis Results discussion Although asthma and COPD have many risk factors in common and often coexist in clinical settings, and there ... and COPD in adults The outcomes investigated were prevalence of; 1) asthma diagnosis 2) COPD diagnosis 3) http://www.ij-healthgeographics.com/content/8/1/2 asthma symptoms last 12 months, and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 19:20

... from the remaining samples after routine blood examination was performed according to DEM procedures Routine tests undertaken include full blood examination, electrolyte examination and ECG measurement ... between QTc interval and albuterol levels Recorded QTc interval and (R)-, (S)- and total albuterol levels and are shown in (a), (b) and (c) respectively (R)-, (S)- and total albuterol levels in subjects ... function and QTc interval in patients with acute severe asthma and COPD in the emergency department International Journal of Emergency Medicine 2011 4:30 Submit your manuscript to a journal and benefit...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 03:20

... (HC), asthma, COPD and cold Comparison of pH in EBC obtained by either RTube or ECoComparison of pH in EBC obtained by either RTube or ECoScreen in healthy controls (HC), asthma, COPD and cold ... reproducible in healthy controls, and reproducible in COPD and asthma patients, and subjects with a common cold Several studies have demonstrated the simplicity of obtaining EBC in healthy subjects and various ... useful in monitoring asthma and COPD patients during infectious episodes, but this clearly requires further investigation Decreased pH values in EBC in patients with inflammatory diseases like asthma...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... We combined polythymidine and F508del genotypes [1], and examined associations between 11 different genotype combinations, and annual FEV1 decline and risk of asthma or COPD We also examined whether ... decline of 14 ml in 9T/9T, 3.8 ml in 7T/9T, 61 ml in 6T/ 7T, 23 ml in 5T/9T, ml in 5T/7T, 31 ml in 9T/9T F508del, ml in 7T/9T F508del, 72 ml in 7T/7T F508del, and 72 ml in 5T/9T F508del individuals ... Intron-8 polythymidine tract and ∆F508 genotype Figure thymidine tract spirometry genotype Odds ratios for and F508deldefined COPD by intron-8 polyOdds ratios for spirometry defined COPD by intron8...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:22

... village/suburb level) The intervention (specific training and ongoing monitoring and support –including duration, methods, who delivered the training etc – and the health care tasks performed ... on TB, primary health care and community development principles This training was conducted by a nurse and two LHW trainers In Zwarenstein (2000), five mornings of interactive health promotion ... process/intervention fidelity in this way In the following sections, we discuss considerations of equity in relation to the review findings; the applicability of the findings in other settings; and...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 10:20

... International Health University Program Public Health Institute College Center / Centre Medicine Department Nursing Initiative Dentistry Example: “global health AND “university” AND “department” AND “public ... governmental and institutional funding… and 2) the lack of coordination and awareness of efforts by different faculty and groups within and between universities.” Timothy Brewer Director, Global Health ... of international partners Top priorities Question Existing activities Impediments Collective actions Training international partners Training US students Sandwich programs Partnerships with international...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 21:20

... Turning 11 drain into brain gain – the Philippines Turning brain drain into brain gain – the Philippines Excerpt: The World Health Report 2006: Working Together for Health World Health Organization, ... with five main facets: improving incentives for recruiting and retaining staff through salary top-ups, expanding domestic training capacity, using international volunteer doctors and nurse tutors ... remaining in the public health sector and investigated the size of the financial incentive required to retain and motivate health workers The findings indicate that public salaries are a minor...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... aspects of health workers’ job satisfaction and motivation in different settings in two states in India: Andhra Pradesh (AP) and Uttar Pradesh (UP) The study identifies and assesses differences in the ... by Indian institutions to examine options for India’s future health systems, with AP and UP representing distinct regions of the country [12] Identifying the distinct conditions that affect health ... of public and private facilities in each district, using a random starting point and fixed selection interval Doctors and nurses were selected at random from a list of all doctors and nurses...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... Koutsouris, A S Andreou, C Pattichis, and C Schizas, “Multipurpose health care telemedicine system,” in Proceedings of the 23rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology ... priority) TESTING AND RESULTS The described system was implemented to be used in two main test applications: telemedicine in emergency handling and remote health care for patients In this paper, ... stages of the health care value chain, from health information and prevention all the way through to rehabilitation and long-term care A potential advantage of including telemedicine in this environment...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... national/regional journals in developing their own websites and/ or seeking inclusion in specialized websites on mental health Enhancing Dissemination • Participate in electronic dissemination initiatives or ... from LAMI countries in author/input paying publishing models Supporting journals from low- and middle-income countries • Support "twinning" or "pairing" arrangements, such as invited editorials, ... countries in relevant decision-making forums; and • Facilitate capacity building for researchers and journals from LAMI countries Enhancing Dissemination • Assess information needs in LAMI countries and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 20:23

... CD25 in COPD and smokers, suggesting the presence of regulatory T-cells [6] It is of importance to verify and evaluate regulatory T cells in COPD in more detail, as these cells may play a role in ... and Lee et al reported similar findings in patients with emphysema [9] Recently, we found a decreased proportion of CD4+CD25bright cells in ex-smoking subjects with COPD compared to smoking COPD ... would restrain cigarette smoke-induced inflammatory activation and, thus, the development of COPD [10] In contrast, in smokers who develop COPD, the T regulatory response is supposed to be inappropriate,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22

... polymorphisms in candidate genes for asthma/ atopy have been identified Linkage and candidate gene studies in asthma and atopy Linkage studies Results from linkage studies (genome-wide searches and candidate ... of inconsistent findings, it is intriguing that chromosomal regions linked to asthma have also shown evidence for linkage to other inflammatory and autoimmune diseases (such as psoriasis, inflammatory ... other genes involved in the allergic inflammation (e.g IL-4Rα [21], β2AR [24]) We can therefore speculate that inconsistent findings in the genetic studies of asthma and atopy summarized in this...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

... Conflict and Health 2007, 1:7 prove, if not practically useful, than at least interesting and stimulating for discussion Health care system in Bosnia and Herzegovina before 1992–1995 ... remained more or less the same The only thing that changed were the people occupying the key positions within the Ministry of Health and health care system and the criteria for their selection and ... stages: from fascination and uncritical cooperation to mutual loathing and blaming Perhaps describing them in more detail may prove enlightening to the reader Stage of fascination The internationals...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:21

... designed and launched a course in health economics, health care financing and health policy The first of its kind in India, this course is premised on the belief that enhanced understanding and knowledge ... provide a fundamental understanding of key issues in health economics, health financing, monitoring and evaluation, health policy and health systems for informed decision-making Course duration T his ... Diploma course in Health Economics, Health Care Financing and Health Policy, being conducted in the academic year September 2010 – May 2011, at the Indian Institute of Public Health, Delhi While...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 03:20

... requirements included withholding short- and long-acting b-agonists (for ≥8 and ≥12 hours, respectively), shortand long-acting theophylline preparations (for ≥24 and ≥48 hours, respectively) and antileukotrienes ... for defining responsiveness These findings indicate that acute bronchodilator responsiveness testing as measured in this study should not be used in Page 10 of 11 predicting long term health ... response in this study using both agents in higher than standard dosing Pre- and postbronchodilator spirometry was performed prior to and after inhalation of ipratropium 80 mcg followed 60 minutes...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22

... Powers L, Gerke A, Hunninghake GW: Vitamin D decreases respiratory syncytial virus induction of NF-kappaBlinked chemokines and cytokines in airway epithelium while maintaining the antiviral state ... authors contributed in writing and reviewing the paper All authors read and approved the final manuscript Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests Received: ... http://respiratory-research.com/content/12/1/31 96 Leandro AC, Rocha MA, Cardoso CS, Bonecini-Almeida MG: Genetic polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor, vitamin D-binding protein, Tolllike receptor 2, nitric oxide synthase 2, and interferon-gamma...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22

... speaking fees from GlaxoSmithKline and Nycomed; and grant support from BoehringerIngelheim and GlaxoSmithKline B.R.C has received consulting fees from Altana, AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim and ... GlaxoSmithKline; speaking fees from Altana, AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim and GlaxoSmithKline; and grant support from Boehringer-Ingelheim and GlaxoSmithKline G.T.F has received consulting fees ... Zeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis and Pearl Therapeutics; speaking fees from Boehringer-Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline and Pfizer; and grant support from Boehringer-Ingelheim,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22