headache emergencies subarachnoid hemorrhage and bacterial meningitis

... aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and bacterial meningitis Individual courses of (a) cerebral extracellular glucose and (b) lactate/glucose (L/G) ratio in patients with SAH and bacterial meningitis ... glucose in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage rhage (SAH) and bacterial meningitis Individual courses of blood glucose in patients with SAH and bacterial meningitis Concentrations on ... Cerebral extracellular glucose and lactate/glucose ratio meningitis aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and bacterialin patients Cerebral extracellular glucose and lactate/glucose ratio in...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:23

... marker for discriminating between acute bacterial meningitis and acute aseptic meningitis The levels of CSF cortisol in bacterial meningitis and aseptic meningitis differed significantly (P < ... Comparison of cortisol and cytokine levels in CSF between bacterial and aseptic meningitis and controls Parameter in CSF Bacterial meningitis patients (n = 47) Aseptic meningitis patients (n ... between bacterial meningitis and aseptic meningitis [4] Our finding of the significant difference in CSF cortisol level between patients with bacterial meningitis and those with aseptic meningitis...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 03:20

... angiographic and clinical vasospasm and improved good clinical outcome at month by 15% Adverse events were frequent; nine patients developed headache and two had meningitis [68] Phase I and II safety ... surgery for subarachnoid hemorrhage J Clin Anesth 1994, 6:99-105 64 Haley EC Jr, Kassell NF, Torner JC: A randomized trial of nicardipine in subarachnoid hemorrhage: angiographic and transcranial ... vasospasm [30] Risk factors for vasospasm and DID are amount and duration of exposure to subarachnoid blood, thick blood collections in basal cisterns and fissures, and intraventricular blood [31-34]...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 03:21

... patients (30 and 36, or 29% and 37%, respectively, in AOX and placebo groups; P = 0.11); it was most frequent in the cardiac patients (P < 0.0001) and least frequent in SAH (2 in AOX and in placebo) ... [NS], and interaction (time*group) P = 0.0075) and in trauma patients (time effect P < 0.0001, group NS, and time*group NS) No significant change over time was observed in subarachnoid hemorrhage ... Extracerebral organ dysfunction and neurologic outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage Crit Care Med 1999, 27:505-514 37 Brealey D, Brand M, Hargreaves I, Heales S, Land J, Smolenski R, Davies...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22

... dysfunction after subarachnoid hemorrhage Stroke 2005, 36:1567-1569 Zaroff JG, Rordorf GA, Newell JB, Ogilvy CS, Levinson JR: Cardiac outcome in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and electrocardiographic ... (E/Ea and E/FPV) were not elevated in our subjects on days 1, 2, and (Table 4) and were not correlated with BNP levels In fact, it has been clearly demonstrated that mitral E/Ea less than and E/FPV ... using tissue Doppler and flow propagation velocity Am J Cardiol 2003, 91:780-784 Schillinger M: Brain natriuretic peptide and early cardiac dysfunction after subarachnoid hemorrhage Stroke 2005,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:20

... syndrome in subarachnoid hemorrhage Stroke 2001, 32:1989-1993 20 Hoff RG, van Dijk GW, Algra A, Kalkman CJ, Rinkel GJE: Fluid balance and blood volume measurement after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage ... subarachnoid hemorrhage; UMC: University Medical Center; WFNS: World Federation of Neurological Surgeons Acknowledgements The authors thank research nurses Joanna Schinkel and Etienne Sluis and ... therapy on cerebral blood flow after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a randomized controlled trial Stroke 2000, 31:383-391 17 Vespa PM, Bleck TP: Neurogenic pulmonary edema and other mechanisms of impaired...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:21

... edema and blood volume after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a prospective observational study Crit Care 2010, 14:R43 Macmillan CS, Grant IS, Andrews PJ: Pulmonary and cardiac sequelae of subarachnoid ... worsen systemic and cerebral oxygenation, and as such needs to be quickly recognized and treated [7] The enthusiasm for triple-H therapy, which carries the risk of fluid overload and an indiscriminate ... Vajkoczy P: Effects of hypervolemia and hypertension on regional cerebral blood flow, intracranial pressure, and brain tissue oxygenation after subarachnoid hemorrhage Crit Care Med 2007, 35:1844-1851...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:21

... for Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage trial; MASH: Magnesium and Acetylsalicylic Acid in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage trial; MASH: Magnesium and Acetylsalicylic Acid in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; mRS: ... literature search (using the keywords magnesium AND subarachnoid hemorrhage) of studies employing randomized controlled trials and published between January, 1980 and 15 June, 2010 yielded 20 publications ... Trials (Clinical Trials), EMBASE, and Ovid MEDLINE (using the keywords magnesium AND subarachnoid hemorrhage and considering only human studies) yielded 51, 72, and 91 publications, respectively...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:21

... 1-1 Risk Factors for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage b Nonmodifiable Risk Factors Age Female sex Prior history of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage Family history of subarachnoid hemorrhage History of ... and the amount of subarachnoid bleeding on admission are the strongest predictors of neurologic complications and outcome a TABLE 1-4 Clinical and Radiologic Grading Scales for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ... Subarachnoid Hemorrhage KEY POINTS h Subarachnoid hemorrhage is more frequent in women than men and more frequent in minority populations compared...

Ngày tải lên: 12/07/2016, 19:43

... pP{UAST} vector [18] Fly strains and bacterial infections Oregon-R and ywDD1; cnbw wild-type flies were used throughout this study [19] Flies were maintained on a standard cornmeal medium at 25 °C ... tube containing two layers of caesium chloride (5% and 40%), and ultracentrifuged for 16 h at 36 000 g at 15 °C The virus band was collected and DCV was recovered by centrifugation (25 000 g, ... kept on standard medium at 22 °C, and counted daily Microscopic observations For observation of GFP expression patterns, live flies and larvae were anaesthetized with ether or on ice, and viewed...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... assembly both in human and yeast cells and leads to the loss of subunit in R sphaeroides due to instability and protein degradation In conclusion, on the basis of the yeast and bacterial models, the ... respiratory growth and on the cytochrome oxidase content Three mutations, G78S, A200T and DF94– F98 in subunit were chosen for more detailed analysis and introduced in R sphaeroides (Materials and methods) ... Based on densitometry measurements (see Materials and methods) G78S and A200T contain as much subunit as the wild-type oxidase and DF94–F98 in lanes D and E contains  25% of the normal amount of...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 21:20

... HLA-II GFAP CP M M M F F 52 86 23 68 55 48 48 12 48 48 normal normal bacterial meningitis bacterial meningitis bacterial meningitis Ep CP Ep CP Ep CP Ep CP Ep Ep + + ++ + +++ + + + ++ na + + ... plexus and ependymal cells lining the ventricles in meningitis was largely preserved despite the presence of large number of neutrophils in the ventricles (Figure 1B and Figure 3) Control and meningitis ... http://www.jneuroinflammation.com/content/3/1/22 Figure and ultrastructural (electron microscopy) analyses of human brain tissue sections obtained from the ependymoma (case 9945) and meningitis cases Structural Structural and ultrastructural...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... viruses, bacteria, and parasitic pathogens (Table 122-1) This chapter discusses factors that enable gastrointestinal pathogens to cause disease, reviews host defense mechanisms, and delineates an ... directly attributable to acute diarrheal illnesses In addition, by contributing to malnutrition and thereby reducing resistance to other infectious agents, gastrointestinal illnesses may be indirect ... to cause disease, reviews host defense mechanisms, and delineates an approach to the evaluation and treatment of patients presenting with acute diarrhea Individual organisms causing acute gastrointestinal...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... guanylate cyclase and elevation of intracellular cyclic GMP Some enterotoxigenic strains of E coli produce both LT and ST Bacterial cytotoxins, in contrast, destroy intestinal mucosal cells and produce ... parahaemolyticus, and Clostridium difficile S dysenteriae type and Shiga toxin–producing strains of E coli produce potent cytotoxins and have been associated with outbreaks of hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic-uremic ... young children, and enterohemorrhagic E coli, which causes hemorrhagic colitis and the hemolyticuremic syndrome, produce virulence determinants that allow these organisms to attach to and efface the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... Both cellular immune responses and antibody production play important roles in protection from enteric infections The wide spectrum of viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal gastrointestinal infections ... important and consists of systemic IgG and IgM as well as secretory IgA The mucosal immune system may be the first line of defense against many gastrointestinal pathogens The binding of bacterial ... antimotility drugs, anatomic abnormalities, or hypomotility states), the frequency of bacterial overgrowth and infection of the small bowel with enteric pathogens is increased Some patients whose...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... leukocytes, is more sensitive and is available in latex agglutination and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay formats Causes of acute infectious diarrhea, categorized as inflammatory and noninflammatory, ... countries to tropical regions of Asia, Africa, and Central and South America each year, 20–50% experience a sudden onset of abdominal cramps, anorexia, and watery diarrhea; thus traveler's diarrhea ... diarrhea Lactase deficiency Small-bowel Protozoa account for ~⅓ of cases bacterial overgrowth Malabsorption syndromes (tropical and celiac sprue) Initial presentation or May be precipitated by traveler's...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... Thailand Plesiomonas Related to tropical travel and seafood consumption Vibrio cholerae 0–10 Most common in India and Asia; also common in Central and South America Rotavirus and 10–40 Latin and ... Shigella and 10–25 enteroinvasive E coli Major causes of fever and dysentery Salmonella 5–10 Causes fever and dysentery Campylobacter 3–15 jejuni More common ... histolytica Giardia lamblia Particularly important in Mexico and Thailand

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... history and the stool examination indicate a noninflammatory etiology of diarrhea and there is evidence of a common-source outbreak, questions concerning the ingestion of specific foods and the ... diarrhea after a meal can provide clues to the bacterial cause of the illness Potential causes of bacterial food poisoning are shown in Table 122-4 Table 122-4 Bacterial Food Poisoning Incubation Period, ... crustaceans Bacterial disease caused by an enterotoxin elaborated outside the host, such as that due to Staphylococcus aureus or B cereus, has the shortest incubation period (1–6 h) and generally...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... poisoning has a bacterial cause Nonbacterial agents of shortincubation food poisoning include capsaicin, which is found in hot peppers, and a variety of toxins found in fish and shellfish (Chap ... All patients with fever and evidence of inflammatory disease acquired outside the hospital should have stool cultured for Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter Salmonella and Shigella can be selected ... setting has an extremely low yield and is not cost-effective Toxins A and B produced by pathogenic strains of C difficile can be detected by rapid enzyme immunoassays and latex agglutination tests...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... Guerrant RL, Steiner TS: Principles and syndromes of enteric infection, in Mandell, Douglas and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 5th ed, GL Mandell et al (eds) Philadelphia, ... [PMID: 16728323] Tauxe RV et al: Foodborne disease, in Mandell, Douglas and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 5th ed, GL Mandell et al (eds) Philadelphia, Churchill Livingstone, ... only hot, freshly cooked food; by avoiding raw vegetables, salads, and unpeeled fruit; and by drinking only boiled or treated water and avoiding ice Historically, few travelers to tourist destinations...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20