hardening and tempering steels and nonferrous alloys

... steels and alloys in pulp and paper industries: Industrial references and filed test results,” NACE Corrosion 94 Conf., 1994, Paper No 420 Stainless Steels and Specialty Alloys for Pulp and Paper ... better Stainless Steels and Specialty Alloys for Pulp and Paper 14 CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMON ALLOYS by Arthur H Tuthill, Nickel Development Institute understanding of these terms and general properties ... Corrosion Resistance 17 Stainless Steels and Specialty Alloys for Pulp and Paper CHARACTERISTICS NOTES OF COMMON ALLOYS 3.3 FERRITIC STAINLESS STEELS Ferritic stainless steels are distinguished by...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 00:20

... multilined spectrum of incandescent scandium vapor Turning of scandium can be ignited and will burn white hot Finely divided scandium should not be handled in air Ingots of pure scandium can be stored ... Beitcher and W.D Ludemann, Plutonium and Other Actinides, H Blank and R Lindner, Ed., NorthHolland, 1976, p 719-724 583 W.D Wilkinson, Ed., Extractive and Physical Metallurgy of Plutonium and Its Alloys, ... al., Plutonium and Plutonium Alloys as Nuclear Fuel Materials, in Nuclear Design and Engineering, C.F Bonilla and T.A Jaegger, Ed., North-Holland, 1971 580 T.G Zocco, R.I Sheldon, and M.F Stevens,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 07:23

... Specifications AMS Sheet and plate: 4031 Extruded wire, rod, bar, shapes, and tube: 4162, 4163 Forgings: 4143, 4144 Alclad 2219, sheet and plate: 4094, 4095, 4096 ASTM Sheet and plate: B 209 Rolled ... rod, and bar: B 211 Extruded wire, rod, bar, shapes, and tube: B 221 Extruded, seamless tube: B 241 Forgings: B 247 Alclad 2219, sheet and plate: B 209 SAE J454 UNS A92219 Government Sheet and ... method and resistance welding have given satisfactory results Gas welding, brazing, and soldering are not successful This alloy is so sensitive to cracking during welding that other aluminum alloys, ...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 07:23

... • • • • • • • Rotor alloys Commercial Duralumin alloys Premium casting alloys Piston and elevated-temperature alloys Standard, general-purpose alloys Die castings Magnesium alloys (see the earlier ... melting, molten metal handling, dross handling and disposition, and welding of alloys Standard define the maximum beryllium in welding rod and weld base metal as 0.008 and 0.010%, respectively ... States, alloys 195 and B195 of the Al-Cu-Si composition were popularized Between World Wars I and II, and in both communities, these alloys served well in the special situations in which strength and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 07:23

... brazed, and many coppers and copper alloys can be welded by various gas, arc, and resistance methods For decorative parts, standard alloys having specific colors are readily available Copper alloys ... bodies and components C65100 (low-silicon bronze, B) Excellent hot and cold workability Fabricated by forming and bending, heading and upsetting, hot forging and pressing, roll threading and knurling, ... Company Introduction to Copper and Copper Alloys Derek E Tyler, Olin Corporation, and William T Black, Copper Development Association Inc Introduction COPPER and copper alloys constitute one of the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 07:23

... coppersmithing, drawing, bending, heading and upsetting, hot forging and pressing, piercing and punching, roll threading and knurling, shearing, spinning, squeezing, and stamping Thermal conductivity ... connectors, clips, and other current-carrying parts requiring strength and exceptional softening resistance Applications requiring excellent hot and cold workability, high strength, and high conductivity ... no adverse effect Tensile properties See Tables 55 and 56 and Fig 29, 30, on hot or cold working However, annealing and grain size are affected and 31 Table 55 Typical mechanical properties of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 07:23

... alloys C82400 and C82500 refiner, and as a result, this alloy is used instead of beryllium-copper alloys C82500 and C82400 when thin sections must be cast at high temperatures or when thick and ... sulfuric, hydrochloric, and phosphoric, and in alkalies such as sodium and potassium hydroxide Cast components are used successfully in systems for seawater, brackish water, and potable water The ... as sulfuric and phosphoric, as well as to neutral salts such as sodium chloride The alloy also resists acetic; lactic, and oxalic acids; organic solvents such as esters and ethers; and seawater,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 07:23

... Pressure-tight sand and permanent mold Government Sand castings: QQ-M-56 and MIL-M- castings with high tensile strength and good yield strength 46062 Permanent mold castings: QQ-M-55 and MILM-46062 ... Specifications Applications AMS Annealed sheet and plate: 4384E Typical ASTM Sheet and plate: B 90 uses Sheet and plate with excellent weldability and formability, and with high strength up to 315 °C (600 ... AZ91A, AZ91B, and AZ91D, B Consequence of exceeding impurity limits 94 Sand castings: AZ91C and AZ91E, B 80 Permanent mold castings: AZ91C and AZ91E, B 199 Investment castings: AZ91C and AZ91E,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 07:23

... past and predicted average annual demands for titanium ingot, castings, and mill products Table Past and predicted average annual U.S demand for titanium and titanium alloys Product form Demand, ... the properties, processing, and application of specific titanium alloys and product forms is available in the articles "Wrought Titanium and Titanium Alloys, " "Titanium and Titanium Alloy Castings," ... Based on the phases present, titanium alloys can be classified as either α alloys, alloys, or α+ β alloys Alpha alloys contain elements such as aluminum and tin These α-stabilizing elements work...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 07:23

... Wrought wire alloys Implant alloys Soldering alloys Of these categories, precious metals are used in direct filling alloys, crown and bridge alloys, PFM alloys, and soldering alloys Figures and show ... Dental Alloys A variety of alloys are available for dental applications: • • • • • • • Direct filling alloys Crown and bridge alloys Partial denture alloys Porcelain fused to metal (PFM) alloys ... compositions, properties, and applications of dental alloys can be found in Ref and 10, and in the article "Tarnish and Corrosion of Dental Alloys" in Corrosion, Volume 13 of ASM Handbook, formerly 9th...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 07:23

... Cu-Al-Ni alloys, on the other hand, are quite brittle at low temperatures and can only be hot finished Manganese depresses transformation temperatures of both Cu-Zn-Al and Cu-Al-Ni alloys and shifts ... of these alloys has yet to be determined, but the effort has opened up new classes of alloys for exploration as shape memory alloys These new classes included β-Ti alloys and ironbase alloys References ... the seal-in wire in incandescent lamps and vacuum tubes The 43 to 47% Ni-iron alloys are commonly used for glass seal leads, grommets, and filament supports This group of alloys includes Platinate...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 07:23

... metallurgy products Hardened steel Tool steels Die steels Case-hardened steels A, D, and M series steels Bearing steels Superalloys Inconel 600, 718, and 901 René 77 and 95 Hastelloy Waspaloy Stellite ... magnetic field (A and B) and (E and F), both conductors exhibit exclusion of an applied magnetic field (C and D) and (G and H) (b) When cooled in the presence of a magnetic field (I) and (L), the ... Yes No Yes No Stainless steels Cast iron Superalloys Nickel-base superalloys Cobalt-base superalloys >35 HRC Stellite, AiResist, Haynes Cr, W Yes No Yes No Iron-base superalloys >35 HRC A-286,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 07:23

... types of cutting tool materials include water -hardening steels, high-speed steels, hardcast alloys, sintered carbides and diamonds: Water -hardening steels (plain carbon or with additions of chromium, ... Metals Handbook Series, ASM, Metals Park, OH Standards for Aluminum Sand and Permanent Mold Castings, Aluminum Association, Washington, DC The Surface Treatment and Finishing of Aluminum and Its Alloys, ... stretching and compressing strengthened by a combination of solution heat treatment and natural or controlled aging for precipitation hardening, and include the 2xxx, some 4xxx, 6xxx, and 7xxx series alloys...

Ngày tải lên: 26/12/2013, 01:18

... feeding, and venting of casting molds The CDA Standards Handbook, Part 7, contains a very complete list of physical properties on not only the alloys shown in Table 4.2, but also other alloys less ... Fabrication All sand-cast copper-base alloys can be machined, although some are far more machinable than others The alloys containing lead, such as the leaded red brasses, leaded tin bronzes, and high-leaded ... other hand, aluminum and manganese bronzes not machine easily However, use of carbide tooling, proper tool angles, and coolants permit successful machining In regard to weldability, no leaded alloys...

Ngày tải lên: 26/12/2013, 01:18

... nonmagnetic alloys (up to 60% Ni); and (6) high-nickel alloys, Monel (over 50% Ni) Nickel and Iron Wrought alloy steels (0.5-9% Ni); (2) cast alloy steels (0.5-9% Ni); (3) alloy cast irons (1-6 and 14-36% ... plated coatings and claddings applied to steel, corrosion-resistant stainless steels, copper-nickel and nickel-copper alloys, highnickel alloys, and commercially pure nickel alloys Not only is ... iron-base superalloys (9-26% Ni); (4) stainless steels (2-25% Ni); (5) valve steels (2-13% Ni); (6) iron-base superalloys (0.2-9% Ni); (7) maraging steels (18% Ni) Nickel, Chromium, Molybdenum, and Iron...

Ngày tải lên: 26/12/2013, 01:18

... 6.2.3 Other Alloys Other alloying ranges include the aluminides (TiAl and Ti3Al), the superconducting alloys (Ti-Nb type), the shape-memory alloys (Ni-Ti type), and the hydrogen-storage alloys (Fe-Ti) ... transports and the desalination industry did not grow as expected Nevertheless, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, the titanium-metal demand again exceeded capacity and both the United States and Japan ... 5.6 5.3 6.1 9.7 9.4 10.1 of sheet, strip, and plate of sheet, strip and plate of sheet, strip, and plate of sheet, strip and plate 12 of sheet, strip, and plate 3.1 5.7 6.0 5.7 10.8 3.1 5.7 6.0...

Ngày tải lên: 26/12/2013, 01:18

... principal alloying element and are strong, ductile, and tough Recently, the high-purity casting alloys, AZ91E for sand and permanent mold castings and AZ91D, AM60B, AM50A, and AS41B for die castings, ... OH, 1990, Vol Roberts, C S., Magnesium and Its Alloys, Wiley, New York, 1960 "Selection and Application of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys, " in Metals Handbook, 10th ed., American Society for ... castings are produced in sand, permanent, investment, pressure die-casting molds Castings produced in sand molds range in size from a few pounds to a few thousand pounds and can be very simple to...

Ngày tải lên: 26/12/2013, 01:18

... hardness and ductility 2.2.4 Cold working or strain hardening Cold work, work hardening or strain hardening is an important process used to increase the strength and/ or hardness of metals and alloys ... ZnMg As with the wrought alloys the third and fourth digits identify the specific alloy in the group and are arbitrary 38 The welding of aluminium and its alloys Master alloys, which will not concern ... – strain hardened and partially annealed This applies to the alloys that are hardened more than is required and that are then annealed at Material standards, designations and alloys • • 39 a low...

Ngày tải lên: 12/03/2014, 17:32

... hardness and ductility 2.2.4 Cold working or strain hardening Cold work, work hardening or strain hardening is an important process used to increase the strength and/ or hardness of metals and alloys ... ZnMg As with the wrought alloys the third and fourth digits identify the specific alloy in the group and are arbitrary 38 The welding of aluminium and its alloys Master alloys, which will not concern ... – strain hardened and partially annealed This applies to the alloys that are hardened more than is required and that are then annealed at Material standards, designations and alloys • • 39 a low...

Ngày tải lên: 12/03/2014, 17:39

... treatments of magnesium alloys and the use of various types of cast and wrought magnesium alloys • The influences of alloy composition, microstructure and heat treatment on chemical and mechanical properties ... those of Al alloys Suranaree University of Technology Tapany Udomphol May-Aug 2007 Commercial magnesium alloys • Mg-Al casting alloys • Mg-Al-Zn casting alloys • Mg-Zn and Mg-Zn-Cu casting alloys ... magnesium in rural and industrial areas lies between aluminium and steels Note: Magnesium and its alloys can be used as sacrificial anode in cathodic protection for other alloys Suranaree University...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 09:20