handbook of polymer synthesis second edition episode 4

... Ref 4. 6 4. 18 6 .4 20.5 80 0.5 0.16 0.31 0.3 0. 049 48 4 48 5 48 6 48 7 48 8 With the system ethylenebis(indenyl)zirconium dichloride/methylaluminoxane, 6% of 1,5-hexadiene could be incorporated [49 9,500] ... Isotacticity [% mmmm] 188 190 48 99 245 97 10 40 3 755 750 875 24 36 24 195 213 31 19 330 729 1135 920 132 137 141 145 150 149 155 146 157 158 161 78.5 81.7 84. 5 88.5 88.6 89.2 94. 3 88.7 95.2 – 99.1 can ... consists of organometallic compounds of the main groups and of the periodic table For the propene polymerization, alkyls of lithium [ 64] , beryllium [ 240 ], magnesium [ 240 ], zinc [ 241 ], aluminum [ 64] ,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... amount of lowmolecular-weight polymer in the polymerization of NVK formed by a cationic process initiated by benzoyl peroxide [41 9 ,42 0] or AIBN in the presence of CCl4 [42 1] and CBr4 [42 2 ,42 3] ... agents [49 6 49 9] Furthermore, AIBN is found to be an efficient initiator for the polymerization of NVP [49 7 ,49 8] without the need of a buffering agent [48 7 ,49 9–501] The kinetics of NVP polymerization ... and of low molecular weight Initiation with benzoyl peroxide did not give satisfactory results either [48 2 ,48 3 ,48 5 ,48 6] The initiator of choice is AIBN [48 7] Breitenbach et al [48 8 ,48 9] have polymerized...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... [ 342 ] [ 342 , 343 ] [ 342 , 343 ] [ 342 – 344 ] [ 342 ] [ 342 , 343 ] [ 342 ] [ 343 ] [ 342 ] [ 343 , 344 ] [ 342 ] [ 343 , 344 ] [ 342 – 344 ] [ 344 ] [ 344 ] [ 343 , 344 ] [ 342 – 344 ] [ 344 ] [ 342 ] [ 342 ] [ 342 ] [ 342 – 344 ] [ 342 , 343 ] [311] [ 342 , 343 ] ... azoisobutyronitrile 40 –55 40 –55 45 –60 45 –60 45 –60 45 –60 45 –60 45 –60 45 –60 50–60 45 –60 45 –65 50–80 50–65 50–65 50–65 40 –80 40 –80 40 –80 50–70 50–70 70–90 45 –60 45 –60 50–70 55–80 80–100 80–100 [ 342 – 344 ] [ 342 ] [ 342 ] ... 198 199 200 74 atactic 201 (4- t-C4H9C6H4)(C6H5)2Sþ AsPFÀ 2-Cl-C2H4 CH2Cl2 25 92 atactic 202 i-C4H9 C4H9 CH2Cl2/(Bu)4Nþ BFÀ CH3CN/NaClO4 þ CH3CN/(Bu)4N ClO4À 1,2-dichloroethane/ (Bu)4Nþ IÀ CH3CN/di-isopropyl...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... butanone [49 5] or ethyl methyl ketone [47 0 ,47 6] with AIBN [49 6 49 9] and dioxane with benzoyl peroxide [47 4 ,48 4,500,503] In benzene as solvent the resulting polymer forms a slurry [5 04] AIBN can ... use of bipyridine instead of 4, 40 -di-(5-nonyl)2,20 -bipyridine causes a lower control of the polymerization because of the reduced solubility of the deactivator [309] In the case of bulk polymerization, ... 80% [2 34, 244 , 245 ] A comparison of the triad distribution for anionic and GT polymerizations of MMA with the same counterions under the same conditions shows that the tacticities of both polymerization...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... Reserved 44 2 44 3 44 4 44 5 44 6 44 7 44 8 44 9 45 0 45 1 45 2 45 3 45 4 45 5 45 6 45 7 45 8 45 9 46 0 46 1 46 2 46 3 46 4 46 5 46 6 46 7 46 8 46 9 47 0 47 1 47 2 47 3 47 4 47 5 47 6 47 7 47 8 47 9 48 0 48 1 48 2 48 3 48 4 48 5 48 6 Field, ... 2,6-linkage [44 5] Ziegler–Natta 2,6-linkage [44 4] Ziegler–Natta 1 ,4- Bis-(methylen)-cyclooctadiene [44 2 ,44 3] BF3 2,(! À 1)Diphenyl-1,(! À 1)-alkadiene Refs [44 6] Radical Cationic [44 7 ,44 8] AlBr3 [44 9] ... Technol., 46 : 106 Copyright 2005 by Marcel Dekker All Rights Reserved 48 7 48 8 48 9 49 0 49 1 49 2 49 3 49 4 49 5 49 6 49 7 49 8 49 9 500 501 502 503 5 04 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 5 14 515 516...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... Rights Reserved 3 34 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 3 54 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 3 64 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 3 74 375 Komiya, Z., ... crystalline polymers [20,326 44 1]; polymers with bioactive oligopeptide side chains [ 344 , 345 ]; sugar-substituted poly(norbornenes) [ 346 ]; polymers of porphyrazine benzonorbornadiene derivatives [ 347 ]; ... systems [43 5 ,46 1] but also with alkylidene complexes [23,123,153 ,42 3,132 ,43 8 ,43 9] ROMP or norbornene esters bearing mesogenic side groups yields side-chain liquidcrystalline polymers [44 0 ,44 1] Norbornenes...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

...  41 Þ 42 Þ 43 Þ 44 Þ 45 Þ An entirely new synthetic approach is based on the oxidative coupling of 4, 40 -diphenoxydiphenylsulfones (46 a) or 4, 40 -diphenylsulfidodiphenylsulfone (46 a), (R1–R4 ¼ ... copolycondensation of 4- fluoro -40 -trimethylsiloxy-diphenylsulfone with small amounts of DFDPS [50] The molecular weight was controlled by the feed ratio of DFDPS When small amounts of 4, 40 -bis(2 ,4- difluorobenzoyl)diphenyl ... range of 1 04 4 Â 1 04 Da were obtained [ 248 –250] Several publications deal with syntheses of poly(arylene-ether)s based on 1,3 ,4- oxadiazole rings [251–253] or based on 1,3 ,4- triazoles [253,2 54] ð155Þ...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... 45 1 309 271 183 158 1 14 113 70 45 33 46 09 Chem Eng News, August 4, 22 (1997) during processing By selecting the type of isocyanate and polyols, or combination of isocyanates and combination of ... p-Phenylene 2 ,4- TDI 2,6-TDI 1,5-NDI 1,6-HDI 36.0 21.0 7 .4 4.0 8.3 46 33.1 41 .9 50.2 46 .0 Table Relative rate constants of isocyanate groups with a hydroxyl group Isocyanate MDI 2 ,4- TDI 2,6-TDI ... ¼ ½ðB À SÞN  4: 202Š=W ð37Þ where B is the number of ml of HCl used for titration of the blank, S is the number of ml of HCl used for titration of the sample, N is the molarity of HCl solution,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... 0.351(m) 0. 341 ( p) À2 .45 0.352(m) 0. 342 (p) À2.15 1. 04 0. 349 (m) 0.3 54( p) À1.67 0. 349 (m) 0.3 54( p) À1.59 À0.32 0. 349 (m) 0.355( p) À1.53 0. 349 (m) 0.3 54( p) À1 .46 À0.80 0.351(m) 0. 345 ( p) Dianhydrides ... acylation 0. 344 À2.86 0. 349 À2.18 0.79 0. 349 (m)c 0. 348 ( p) À2.20 0.350(m) 0. 349 ( p) À1.85 0.13 0. 349 (m) 0.351( p) À2.03 0. 349 (m) 0.353( p) À1.68 À0.006 0.350(m) 0. 346 ( p) À2.30 0.350(m) 0. 346 ( p) À2.02 ... non-curable polymers containing pendant imide rings have been synthesized and studied with the objective of improving the properties of classical addition polymers [2 34 237] The synthesis of these polymers...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 Weigert, W (19 74) Ullmanns Encyclopedie der technischen Chemie, 4th ed., Vol ´ ... erythrocytes [ 140 – 142 ] and lymphocytes [ 140 ], leukemia cells [ 140 , 142 ], antibodies [133, 143 , 144 ], and metal complexing agents [ 145 ] Anionically Polymerized Acrolein Due to the high portion of pendant ... synthesis of compounds of type (74b) the following pathway is described [41 3]: ð76Þ Radical homopolymerization of (74a) does not give molecular weights higher than 103 to 1 04 g/mol [41 4 ,41 5] Compounds...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... values of the molecular weight are in general less then 1 04 In the case of the copolymerization of trans-Pd[P(C4H9)3]2(C6H4CH ¼ CH2)Cl (M2), the copolymerization parameters r1 ¼ 1 .49 and r2 ¼ 0 .45 ... complex [ 84] The influence of ring size on the mechanism of the binding of metal ions by polymers can be illustrated in relation to the formation of complexes between TiCl4 and the copolymers of styrene ... Nþ/ CoPc(SOÀ )4 of : [ 146 ,151,152] The tendency of aggregation of phthalocyanines in water strongly depends on the hydrophilic character of the kind of latexes based on copolymers of styrene, quarternized...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 Menke, K., and Roth, S (1986) Chemie in unserer Zeit, 20: 33; Pekker S., and Janossy, A (1986) Handbook of Conducting Polymers ... (1969), 75: 3 749 8; Naarmann, H., Conducting Polymers, (1990) Adv Mater., 2: 345 Naarmann, H (19 64) DE 1179715 to BASF AG, C.A (19 64) , 62: 343 0 Little, W A (19 64) Phys Rev., 135: A 141 6 Heeger, A ... Naarmann, H (1983) US 44 10693, C.A (1983), ¨ 100: 8860 and US 44 68509 to BASF AG, C.A (19 84) , 101: 241 24 120 Naarmann, H., and Theophilou, N (1988) Electroresponsive Molecular and Polymeric Systems,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 Stolka, M (1988) Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, ... properties of polymer (4a) as well as of its copolymers have been studied by the xerographic technique, both in the presence and in the absence of the sensitizer TNF [46 ,47 ] The photoconductivity of (4a) ... [139] and Bradley ¨ [ 140 ] One of the major improvements was the use of tetrahydrothiophene instead of dimethyl sulphide in the synthesis of the precursor polymer [ 141 ] The use of the cyclic leaving...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... ratio of about 0 .4 and an average degree of polymerization of about 30 [43 ] ð12Þ Phenylic substituents at the vinylene positions — increasing both solubility of the polymer and stability of the ... efficiency of 22 lm/W [3] Polyfluorene Copolymers The described synthesis of polyfluoren homopolymers allows also the design of alternating copolymers Instead of the 2,7-dibromofluorene a variety of dibromoarenes ... strategy of their formation and are divided into completely p-conjugated polymers, non-conjugated polymers and polymers with defined segmentation (see Structure 4) 4 II n-CONJUGATED POLYMERS...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... A (1978) J Elast Plast., 10: 129 143 Goodyear, Ch (1 844 ) US Patent 3633 144 Baekeland, L H (1913) Ind Eng Chem., 5: 506 145 Bayer, O (1 941 ) Ann., 549 : 286 146 Seidl, J., Malinsky, J., Dusˇ ek, ... W Jeske, P Wendling 113 DE 198 348 02, EP 991 147 43.0 (1998) to: Bayer AG, inventors: W Obrecht, T Scholl, P Wendling, V Monroy, M Well 1 14 DE 198 348 03, EP 991 147 44. 8 (1998) to: Bayer AG, inventors: ... development of numerous polymeric reagents [ 148 ] Presently, the fast expanding technique of combinatorial organic synthesis traces back to this fruitful strategy Although the analysis of crosslinked polymer...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... 10,657 18 ,44 0 26,511 Mn (GPC) Mw MWD Tg,  C Tm,  C ÁHm, J/g Tc,  C 12,293 15,636 23,318 20,590 27,296 40 , 344 1.67 1.75 1.73 34. 5 42 .9 50.6 156 161 167 47 .1 44 .5 48 .4 76.2 91 107 Data from [41 ] Copyright ... approaches 40 00 [41 ] C Hydroxylated Polyesters Condensation polymerization of glycols with tartaric acid results in poly(alkylene tartrate)s [42 44 ] The hydroxylated polyesters from C2 and C4 are ... Polym Sym., 35: 41 5 43 DiBenedetto, L J., and Huang, S J (1989) Polym Prepr., 30(1): 45 3 44 Huang, S J., Kitchen, O., and DiBenedetto, L J (1990) Polym Mater Sci Eng., 62: 8 04 45 Borzacchiello,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... [381,3 94, 395] Emulsifiers [265] Polymer blend compatibilizers [396,397] Coatings [398 40 9] Toners [41 0 41 5] Dispersants [41 6 42 2] Lubricants [ 144 ,42 3 42 7] Curable sealing compositions [42 8 43 1] ... radical polymerization: synthesis of ABA block copolymers Macromolecules, 30( 14) : 42 41 42 43 161 Kajiwara, A., and Matyjaszewski, K (1998) Formation of block copolymers by transformation of cationic ... radical polymerizations: the use of alkyl iodides in degenerative transfer Macromolecules, 28(6): 2093–2095 Copyright 2005 by Marcel Dekker All Rights Reserved  34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 ...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... -69 .49 -71.78 — — — — -28.87 - 34. 43 -37. 74 -42 .51 -42 . 84 — -72.59 -73.00 -73.26 -73.85 - 74. 20 - 74. 52 - 74. 68 - 74. 82 - 74. 93 - 74. 99 -75.08 -75.10 -42 .72 -42 .59 -42 .51 -42 . 34 -42 .26 -42 .38 -42 .47 -42 .55 ... Precipitation 6.5.1 Ostwald Ripening 6.5.2 Aggregation 6.5.3 Mixing 141 141 141 141 142 142 143 143 143 144 146 146 146 147 147 148 148 148 149 150 6.6 Experimental Techniques 6.6.1 Supersaturation Measurements ... 353 .4 406.0 3 14. 1 48 9.7 369.5 342 .2 45 46 46 29 49 65 44 94 347 2 2695 6898 44 56 42 35 79 62 25 31 21 79 23 39 (Based on data from Walas 1985.) Aif^ R (1 .48 ) Eq (1 .48 ) allows the simple calculation of...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 11:19

... 2 04 206 209 211 213 Assimilative Psychodynamic Therapy 221 223 225 226 229 231 2 34 236 237 CBT Assimilative Integration 242 245 244 246 247 248 2 54 256 257 Anxiety Disorders 263 271 272 272 2 74 ... Holmes, and C Eugene Walker Handbook of Psychotherapy Integration, Second Edition edited by John C Norcross and Marvin R Goldfried Handbook of Psychotherapy Integration Second Edition Edited by John ... a new edition OUR AIM What has not materially changed is the purpose of our book The aim of this second edition vi Preface continues to be a state -of- the-art, comprehensive description of psychotherapy...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20

... Journal of Psychiatry, 169, 563–570 Alexander, F (1963) The dynamics of psychotherapy in light of learning theory American Journal of Psychiatry, 120, 44 0 44 8 Alford, B (1991) Integration of scientific ... Journal of Psychotherapy, 34, 5 34 544 Norcross, J C (Ed.) (1986) Handbook of eclectic psychotherapy New York: Brunner/Mazel Norcross, J C (1988) Supervision of integrative psychotherapy Journal of ... assessment of client needs, and a use of outcome research The first edition of the Handbook of Psychotherapy Integration, edited by Norcross and Goldfried (1992), offered a comprehensive examination of...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20