guidelines for enteral and parenteral nutrition

... Medicine > Part 4. Nutrition > Chapter 73. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Therapy Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Therapy: Introduction The ability to provide specialized nutritional support ... teams. For the duration and quality of life. The decision-making process used to decide when to use SNS is depicted in Fig. 73-1. Figure 73-1 Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition ... and chronic care facilities receive enteral feeding, usually as a consequence of inadequate nutritional intake. Enteral refers to feeding via a tube placed into the gut to deliver liquid formulas...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... Moderate malnutrition <16 kg/m 2 Severe malnutrition <13 kg/m 2 Lethal in males <11 kg/m 2 Lethal in females From D Driscoll, B Bistrian: Parenteral and enteral nutrition ... Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2003. Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 2) Decision-making for the implementation of specialized nutrition support (SNS). CVC, central venous ... function and somewhat on the available technical resources. The timing of nutritional support is based on evaluation of the preexisting nutritional status, the presence and extent of SRI, and the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... full enteral feeding, which can generally be used when >50% of requirements can be met enterally. Substantial nutritional benefit can be achieved by providing Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral ... luminal nutrition should be provided, even when PN is required to provide most of the nutritional support. The combination of some enteral feeding either by mouth or by enteral tube with parenteral ... or oral formula selection is best performed by a nutritionist. Enteral tube feeding is often required in patients with anorexia, impaired swallowing, or bowel disease. The bowel and its associated...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... prognosis is longer than several months and that the therapy benefits quality of life. Table 73-2 Summary of Outcomes for Patients on Home Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (HPEN) Therapy Status, ... Patient-Year Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 4) Although PN was initially relatively expensive, its components are often less expensive than specialty enteral formulas. Percutaneous ... ied H PEN N onHPE N Home Parenteral Nutrition Cr ohn's disease 5 62 6 6 0 2 5 0 8 0 .9 1. 1 Isc hemic 3 31 9 7 7 4 8 9 3 1 1 .4 1. 1 Home Enteral Nutrition Ne urologic disorders...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... level. Cardiac patients, and many severely stressed patients, often benefit from fluid and sodium restriction to levels of 1000 mL of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) formula and 5–20 meq of sodium ... PN solution for central venous administration is a concentrated 1-L solution of 7% crystalline amino acids (70 g) and 21% dextrose (210 g), which provides an amount of nitrogen and glucose ... weight loss and tissue wasting, TPN must be instituted gradually because of the profound antinatriuresis, antidiuresis, and intracellular accumulation of potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus....

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... role for gabapentin in treating anxiety disorders, such as so- cial phobia (Pande et al., 1999) and panic disorder (Pande et al., 2000). Therefore, gabapentin may prove to be a useful agent for ... groups and then to the other work group members. Each group pre- sented an overview of its guidelines to the whole group and then submitted its section’s guidelines for further comment and refinement ... using psychotherapy and/ or pharmacological interventions. Among the psychosocial treatments, CBT has been found efficacious for the treatment of separation, social, and general anxiety and for obsessive-compulsive...

Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2014, 19:20

... staining and frozen sections demonstrati ng the characteristic branch- ing hyphae arrangement. Biopsies for Gram stain and culture (aerobic and anaerobic bacterial culture plus fungal culture) and for ... environments for triggering factors • Use proper hand-washing hygiene • Avoid smoking • Perform saline nasal irrigation. Summary Despite national and international efforts to develop comprehensive guidelines, ... used as the sole criteria for determining the need for surgical interven- tion, but rather should be used as an objective tool for confirming the diagnosis of CRS and for surgi cal plan- ning....

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 08:20

... prevent this problem, and if the tendons do become affected, parenteral high dose vitamin C (plus parenteral magnesium) may afford rapid relief. Unfortunately, levofloxacin and drugs in this ... when poor immune responsiveness and persistent neuropathic signs and symptoms are present. INDICATORS FOR PARENTERAL THERAPY (The following are guidelines only and are not meant to be absolute. ... testing both for differential diagnosis and for uncovering other subtle abnormalities that may coexist. Test B12 levels , and be prepared to aggressively treat with parenteral formulations....

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 10:20

... discussed. References and resources for providers and patients are listed at the end. 17 STEP 3: Evaluate for TB Disease Any person with a newly positive result for a test for TB infection ... Health and Human Services. Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected Adults and Adolescents. October 29, 2004 (www.AIDSinfo.nih.gov ). 4. Centers for Disease Control and ... positive reaction. Refer to the package instructions for each test, as well as other published guidelines. 1 Guidelines for Testing and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Sonal...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 18:20

... edhull@home.nl (for more information, see Bless and Hull 2008) ______________________________ 1 IMRaD stands for Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion. EASE Guidelines for Authors and Translators ... http://www.ease.org.uk /guidelines/ index.shtml . For more details about our association, member’s benefits and major conferences, see the next page and our website.   5 EASE Guidelines for Authors and Translators ... including in their instructions to authors a standard formula: Before submission, authors are encouraged to follow the "EASE Guidelines for Authors and Translators", which are freely available...

Ngày tải lên: 26/03/2014, 14:09

... education and health education curricula and instruction, extracurricular and community sports and recreation programs, and pre-service and in-service training programs for personnel. The Child and ... Association for Sport and Physical Education. Parent/guardian’s checklist for quality sport and physical activity programs for children and youth. Reston, VA: National Association for Sport and Physical ... for Sport and Physical Education. National standards for beginning physi- cal education teachers. Reston, VA: National Association for Sport and Physical Education, 1995. 266. National Task Force...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 09:20

... Education Guidelines for Curriculum and Assessment 49 Elementary School ATOD Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drugs FSSH Family, Social, and Sexual Health MEH Mental and Emotional Health NPA Nutrition and ... Education Guidelines for Curriculum and Assessment 35 Elementary School ATOD Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drugs FSSH Family, Social, and Sexual Health MEH Mental and Emotional Health NPA Nutrition and ... for Curriculum and Assessment Section 2: Curriculum and Assessment Guidelines This section includes the health education guidelines for grades pre-K through 12. The guidelines identify standards,...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 20:20