grant and lee a study in contrasts outline

... Proposalstoinstallbikelanesonmajorstreetsareoftenmetwithoppositionfrommerchants whofearthatthereallocationofroadspacefromonstreetparkingtoonstreetbikelaneswould hurtbusiness.Thepurposeofthisstudyistounderstandandestimatetheimportanceofon streetparking tobusinessonBloorStreetintheAnnexneighbourhoodofToronto. ToencouragemoreCanadianstousebicyclesforutilitariantripsmoreoften,itisessentialthat theimplementationofbikelanesonmajorstreetsbeaccelerated.TheBloorDanforthcorridoris aparticularlyattractiveoptionforacitywide eastwestbikelaneinTorontobecauseitisoneof theonlylong,straight,relativelyflatroutesthatconnectsthecityfromendtoend;thereareno streetcartracks;andithasoneofthehighestincidencesofbicyclecollisionsinthecity. Thisreportisaboutthedevelopment andtestingofnewanalytictoolstodeterminethepublic acceptabilityandeconomicimpactofreallocatingroadspace.ThestudyconductedinJulyof 2008surveyedtheopinionsandpreferencesof61merchantsand538patronsonBloorStreet andanalyzedparkingusagedatainthearea. Among thestudysfindings: ã ...  P’lots,alsowithin a twoorthreeminutewalkofthe study area:at577 Palmerston,365 Lippincott and 19Spadina.ThedatatrackspaymentsmadeusingTPA’spay and display machinesforbothon‐streetparking and off‐streetTPAlots. Foron‐streetparking,dataisreportedasthenumberofvalidticketsduring15‐minuteintervals throughoutthedaysthatcorrespondwith thepedestriansurveydays(July8,9,10,15,16,17 and 19).However,dataforSaturday,July19 th wasnotavailable,soSaturday,July12 th was substitutedinstead.Theresearcherstookhourlysnapshotsbetween10:00 a. m. and 9:00p.m.– thehourswhenthemachinesaregenerally in use– and determinedtheaveragenumberof validticketsthroughouttheday,aswellasmorning‐midday,afternoon, and eveningaverages. Fortheoff‐streetlots, parkingdataisreportedasdaily and eveningpeaks–thehighest recordednumberofvalidticketsatanygiventime in thedayoreveningperiod.Again,theTPA supplieddataforthesamedaysastheon‐streetparkingdata,whichcorrespondtothe pedestriansurveydays. Theaverage validticketcountswerecomparedtotheoverallcapacity–eitheron‐streetor in lots–todeterminetheaverageusageofon‐street and off‐streetpaidparking. 3.4 ... Thereductioninonstreetparking supplyfromabikelaneorwidenedsidewalkcouldbe accommodatedintheareasoffstreetmunicipalparkinglots. Thespendinghabitsofcyclistsandpedestrians,theirrelativelyhightravelmodeshare,andthe minimalimpactonparkingalldemonstratethatmerchantsinthisareaareunlikely tobe negativelyaffected byreallocatingonstreetparkingspacetoabikelane.Onthecontrary,this changewilllikelyincreasecommercialactivity. Itisrecommendedthatthistypeofstudybereplicatedonothercommercialstreetswherethere isconcernaboutreducingparkingtoaccommodatewidersidewalksorbicyclelanes. Specifically,the researchersalsorecommendthattheCityofTorontousethisstudytolook morecloselyatthefutureofBloorStreetasacandidateforacrosstownbikeway. ...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 00:20

... national emergency, generally war.  e principal direct tax was the land tax, ori- ginally a tax on real and personal property and incomes 20 but it became a tax purely on land in the nature ...   inadequate, a law of commercial association rudimentary and a property law inhibiting the full exploitation of land and minerals. Finally the legal process was one of in nite slowness, ... that everyone was paying their due taxes and promoted public co-operation. To use a traditional means of tax administration which was famil- iar and understood by all taxpayers and sympathetic...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 11:20

... bear some of the archaic markings common on the rock faces both in Scotland and in Central Australia: on large rocks they are painted, in Australia, in Scotland they are incised. I maintain that ... (dismissing the Kintyre and Tappock stones,) the "manufacturers" did know, apparently, that perforated and inscribed, or uninscribed tablets and plaques of shale and schist and slate and gas ... pattern. In Australia, in Portugal, in Russia, in France, in North America, in Scotland, as we shall see, such stones may be unmarked, may bear no inscription or pattern. {81} These are plain magic...

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... for nearly a thousand years of philosophical growth, beginning with the early Church Fathers and culminating in the great Scholastics. But, at last, its generative ideas—sin and salvation, nature and ... says, "certainly have quite elaborate 'ape-ways' into which a newcomer is gradually acculturated, including among other patterns ways of using available instruments for reaching ... Physicists may think of certain facts in place of constants and variables, but the same constants and variables will serve somewhere else to calculate other facts, and the mathematicians themselves...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 17:25

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Ngày tải lên: 31/05/2014, 00:53

... contrast, in an animal model of sepsis VEGF -A levels increased in liver, kidney and heart, and no difference could be detected between VEGF -A levels in serum and plasma, arguing against a majorroleofplateletsasasourceofVEGF -A[ 8] .In our ... considered a medical emergency, and a standar- dized management approach including wide-spectrum antibiotics and admission is usually implemented for all patients. So far, there are no reliable laboratory ... Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil Full list of author information is available at the end of the article Alves et al. Journal of Translational Medicine 2011, 9:23 http://www.translational-medicine.com/content/9/1/23 â...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... ventricular access, the ani- mals were anesthetized with ketamine/xylazine (75 and 10 mg/Kg, respectively, i.p.) and placed in a stereotaxic appa- ratus. A midline saggital incision was made in the ... S100B secretion: a study in cerebrospinal fluid and astrocyte cultures from rats Maria Cristina Guerra † , Lucas S Tortorelli † , Fabiana Galland, Carollina Da Ré, Elisa Negri, Douglas S Engelke, Letícia Rodrigues, ... factor a (TNFa) measurement This assay was carried out in 100 μLofCSF,serumor extracellular medium, using a rat TNFa ELISA from eBioscience (San Diego, USA). Statistical analysis Parametric data are...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... anatomy laboratories Macroscopic examination 5.02 Pathologist Pathology and anatomy laboratories Disposal of specimen and used solutions 0.95 Technicians and Assistants Pathology and anatomy laboratories ... RESEARC H Open Access Genotoxic effects in occupational exposure to formaldehyde: A study in anatomy and pathology laboratories and formaldehyde-resins production Susana Viegas 1,3* , Carina Ladeira 2,3 , ... Portugal and REQUIMTE/CQFB, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa and SINTOR-UNINOVA, Monte de Caparica, Portugal. 6 Environmental and Occupational Health Department and...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 00:20

... contrast, in an animal model of sepsis VEGF -A levels increased in liver, kidney and heart, and no difference could be detected between VEGF -A levels in serum and plasma, arguing against a majorroleofplateletsasasourceofVEGF -A[ 8] .In our ... neutropenia and before 3 0 days. Differences in continuous and categori- cal variables were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney or Fisher’s exact test respectively. Data are expressed as median and range ... E, Kawaguchi T, Ariyoshi M, Saiki T, Sakamoto M, Nagata K, et al: Vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol 1998, 27:377-380. 20. Taha Y, Raab...

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