... the performance of grammatical errordetectionsystems against human judgments,the judgments for each instance are generally re-duced to the single most frequent category: Error or OK. This ... errordetectionsystems for non-nativespeakers of English, progress in the field hasbeen hampered by a lack of informative met-rics and an inability to directly compare theperformance of systems ... analysis, we only use the classes Error andOK since Unknown was used extremely rarely andnever by all 3 experts for the same sentence.We used two different errordetectionsystems toillustrate our...
... access or compromise systems on your network, such as Back Orifice, failed login attempts, and TCP hijacking Reference: Cisco Intrusion Detection System - Cisco Secure Intrusion Detection System ... (Ciscopress) page 89 21certify.com CISCO: Cisco Secure Intrusion DetectionSystems (CSIDS) 9E0-100 Version 6.0 Jun. 17th, 2003 ... ftp://user@10.0.0.1//IDSMk9-sp-3.0-3-S10.exe Reference: Cisco Intrusion Detection System -Upgrading the Intrusion Detection System Module Q.29 Exhibit: Given the output of the idsstatus Sensor...
... directly or indirectly, to errordetection and correction.indirectly, to errordetection and correction.Types of ErrorsRedundancy Detection Versus CorrectionForward Error Correction Versus RetransmissionCodingModular ... What is the errordetection and correction capability of this scheme?SolutionThis code guarantees the detection of up to three errors(s = 3), but it can correct up to one error. In other ... corrupted bits have made the error undetectable.Example 10.2 (continued)10.24Table 10.2 A code for error correction (Example 10.3)10.30To guarantee the detection of up to s errors in all cases,...
... Targeted error categories We selected 13 error categories for detection. Table 1. Error categories to be detected Noun Number error, Lexical error Verb Erroneous subject-verb agreement, Tense error, ... Compliment error Adjective Lexical error Adverb Lexical error Preposition Lexical error on normal and dependent preposition Article Lexical error Pronoun Lexical error Others Collocation error ... in an error tag, the sys-tem can convert erroneous parts into corrected equivalents. 3 Errordetection method In this section, we would like to describe how we proceeded with error detection...
... or phrase is discovered (error detec-tion), these systems usually attempt to generate a le-gal alternative (error correction). In this paper, wepresent a HR errordetection system that uses ... detailed error anal-ysis shows that linguistic features, such as lemmamodels, help improve HR -error detection specifi-cally where we expect them to: identifying semanti-cally inconsistent error ... 81.4% of all problem words aresubstitution errors, 10.6% are insertion errors and7.9% are deletion errors. Whereas punctuation sym-bols are 9.3% of all errors, they represent over 38%876Base...
... (4) Other Error means that the system’s correction does not resultin a grammatical sentence because of another gram-matical error that is outside the scope of article orpreposition errors, e.g., ... preposition errors. For a morecomprehensive survey, see (Leacock et al., 2010).The seminal work on grammaticalerror correc-tion was done by Knight and Chander (1994) on arti-cle errors. Subsequent ... downsof preposition errordetection in ESL writing. In Pro-ceedings of COLING.J. Tetreault, J. Foster, and M. Chodorow. 2010. Usingparse features for preposition selection and error de-tection....
... including 15 duplicates.Measuring recall is tricky, even using the errorsidentified in Green and Manning (2010) as “gold”errors. One factor is that a system might report avariation nucleus, ... 2011.c2011 Association for Computational LinguisticsUsing Derivation Trees for Treebank Error Detection Seth Kulick and Ann Bies and Justin MottLinguistic Data ConsortiumUniversity of Pennsylvania3600 ... complex and thus more prone to error thanother annotation tasks, such as part-of-speech tag-ging. Recent work has therefore focused on the im-portance of detecting errors in the treebank (Greenand...
... could be the constituent subsystems, which can be recognized by readingthe system user manual. Two inputs are weakly coupled computationally if they causedifferent subsystems to be executed in ... SFK/XXX QC: SFK/XXX T1: SFKFM JWBS015-Huang March 12, 2009 7:15 Printer: Yet to comeSOFTWARE ERROR DETECTION THROUGHTESTING AND ANALYSISJ. C. HuangUniversity of HoustonA JOHN WILEY & SONS, ... the program isparticularly error- prone [i.e., the probability p(¬OK(t1) ∨¬OK(t2) ···∨¬OK(tn))is high]. The common term for making use of such information is error guessing.The essence...
... outside SMT systems is desired for error detection. Linguistic knowledge is exactly such a goodchoice as an external information source. It has al-ready been proven effective in errordetection ... interested in error detection, we focus on work that uses confidenceestimation approaches to detect translation errors.Of course, confidence estimation is not limited tothe application of error detection, ... the effectiveness ofword posterior probabilities for error detection. We conducted three groups of experiments us-ing the MaxEnt based errordetection model withvarious feature combinations.•...
... comprehensive error and event data capture■Out-of-band (OOB) network access and infrastructure■Two-factor authentication systems such as SecurID servers■Device configuration management systems ... Introduction to Intrusion Detection Systems IntroductionThe Internet can be a dangerous and costly place. Since its inception, there hasbeen a consistent and steady rise in network and systems security ... electronic terrorismis widely recognized as a real motivation for attack. Governments and terroristorganizations alike practice overt and covert techniques aimed at disrupting thevery network and systems...
... focuses on a grammaticalerror correction task for article errors. A series of experiments is presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach on two different grammatical error tagged ... community, grammaticalerror correction (GEC), consequently, has attracted a fair amount of attention. Several organizations have built diverse resources including grammaticalerror (GE) ... 2011, Grammaticalerror correction with alternating structure optimization, In Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the ACL-HLT 2011, pp. 915-923. R. De Felice. 2008. Automatic Error Detection...
... preposition usage — automatically detectingpreposition errors made by ESL speakers is a chal-lenging task for NLP systems. Recent state-of-the-art systems have precision ranging from 50% to80% and ... Felice and Pulman (2008) and Ga-mon et al. (2008) describe very similar preposi-tion errordetectionsystems in which a model ofcorrect prepositional usage is trained from well-formed text ... robust to grammatical noise.Preposition errors in isolation do not tend tomislead the parser: in the second group which con-tains sentences which are largely fluent apart frompreposition errors,...
... destinationequalizer for dual-hop non-regenerative AF MIMO-OFDM systems underchannel estimation errors is investigated. Second-order moments of chan-nel estimation errors in the two hops are first deduced. Then ... for conventional MIMO systems has been extensively studied invarious scenarios in the past decade [23–26].1.1.3 AF MIMO Relay Systems The benefits of multiple-antenna systems can be directly ... of the more complicated AF MIMO relay systems. Capacity bounds under different channel state information (CSI) assumptionsfor single-user AF MIMO relay systems have been derived in [27], [28]....
... interference and noise at the receiver. Signal detection is therefore an important component in these systems. Most of the works done on signal detection for MIMO systems consider synchronous case. It ... Signal Detection for MIMO-OFDM Systems without Cyclic Prefix …………………………… 60 4.1 Introduction ……………………………………………………… 60 4.2 System Model ………………………………………………………62 4.3 Two-Step Semi-blind Signal Detection ... Block diagram of time domain signal detection algorithm for MIMO-OFDM system with short CP ………………………… 42 Semi-Blind Signal Detection for MIMO and MIMO-OFDM Systems by Ma Shaodan...