glycolysis the pentose phosphate pathway and the tricarboxylic tca cycle

... Respiratory System 2.1 The Respiratory Quotient 2.2 Glycolysis, the Pentose Phosphate Pathway, and the Tricarboxylic (TCA) Cycle 2.3 Mitochondrial Metabolism 2.3.1 The Complexes of the Electron-Transport ... extrusion in the lumen and subsequent ATP synthesis NADPH and ATP are used in the carbon-reduction cycle that is located in the stroma Linear electron transport is the principal pathway, whereas the engagement ... of CO2 in the Photosynthetic Process 2.2.1 Demand for CO2 the CO2-Response Curve The rate of photosynthetic carbon assimilation is determined by both the supply and demand for CO2 The supply...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2015, 15:00

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:15

... (Fig.2) The nearest village to the gold mine, 250 meters from the mine and at the altitude of 277 meters from the mean sea level, is Ban Na Nong Bong village In those villages, the farthest one ... concentrations and their values are more than 3.9 mg/kg, which is the specification of soil for dwelling and agriculture specified by the Office of the National Environment Board of Thailand The remarkable ... is kilometer from the mine and at the altitude of 276 meters from the mean sea level Most of lands were engaged in farming and cropping plants such as corns, tapiocas, soybean, and rubber trees...

Ngày tải lên: 25/04/2013, 08:21

... liquid from the physico-chemical processes, which was the mixture of the effluent from the phosphorus adsorption column and the backwash water, was circulated back to the anaerobic tank and the oxic ... Co., Japan), and then the mixture of microbubble ozone and sludge was circulated back into the reactor After ozonation, the supernatant with unsettled microsolids was flowed into the phosphorus ... reactor, the operational conditions were optimized by changing the amount of sludge to be ozonated and the recirculation ratio of the residual liquid from the physico-chemical processes to the anaerobic...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:38

... machinery before and after oxygen recovery, respectively Cellular replicons on the other hand, are highly heterogeneous in their sizes and replication states within an asynchronous cell cycle Therefore ... With the aid of the T24 system presented here, we hope to characterize the special state of the protein equipment of the replication of human cells under the hypoxic block and to elucidate the ... of the hypoxic block T24 cells further proceed through the cell cycle normally and at high synchrony, we determined the percentage of mitotic cells Figure shows that after medium exchange and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 00:20

... participants may either follow all the modules taught in the Autumn term in their first year and all the modules taught in the Spring term in their second year or alternatively may follow half the modules ... inorganic and organic pollutants and chemical properties and processes which govern their environmental fate The major groups of micro-organisms in soils and their role in the cycling of C, N, P and ... on the learning outcomes, content and teaching, learning and assessment methods of each module can be found in the module description and in the programme handbook The University reserves the...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 23:20

... uptake [1, 4] The main purpose of this research is to investigate the relation between contents of Cu in soil and Cu accumulation in plant, and also the role of phosphate in reducing the uptake ... Sampling and chemical analysis Plant and soil samples were taken and analysed at the harvest time (45 days after sowing) Plant samples (leaves and shoots) are collected and washed with pure water and ... P2O5/ha At the application rate of 80kg P2O5/ha, the height and biomass of plant are increased by 30% and 31% respectively, and the content of Cu in plant is reduced by 14% compared to the control...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 15:20

... isotherm along SADF If Φt (c) is the overall isotherm and Ψ (K, c) the local isotherm, the overall isotherm can be built according to Φt (c) = Ψ (K, c)f (k) dk, (8) where f (k) is the SADF and ... solution and the charged surface Models available may vary in the description of the nature of surface charge, the number and position of potential planes, and the position of the adsorbed species The ... structure) These techniques provide a deeper inside into the nature and the environment of the adsorbed species and lead to a sharper description of the surfaces involved Thus, the fit of theoretical...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:09

... organic matter content and pH and the influence of these soil properties on the behaviour of the metals in the soil The fraction of metal available to plants may not be the same as the fraction at risk ... to the environment Further studies are therefore required to determine plant uptake of the metals in the two biosolids-amended soils and to study leaching of the metals from the soils in the ... tubes and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 The supernatants were filtered through Whatman no 40 paper and then the weights of the tubes (with their contents) were recorded This extracted primarily the...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:22

... both the isotherms and kinetic equations was estimated by the coefficient of determination (R2), the confidence intervals (95%) of the estimated parameters (CI) and the standard error of the estimate ... in acquiring their position in the electronic clouds of O atoms than the weakly adsorbing cations (Abd-Elfattah and Wada, 1981) On the other hand, the value of the slopes for S1 and S3 were always ... the 52% and 69% of the ECEC, respectively Soils S1 and S3 had the lowest ECEC, pHw and clay content while S2 and S4 were less acidic and showed higher ECEC and clay content Soil S4, with the highest...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:22

... heavy metals and the sum of the individual fractions There is a good correlation between the sums of the heavy metal fractions and the total concentrations The coefficients for Cu, Zn, Pb and Cr are ... carbonate>exchangeable The mobility and bioavailability of the four metals declined in the following order: Pb, Zn, Cu and Cr Cu, Zn and Pb were more mobile and bioavailable in the urban than in the non-urban ... more than the mean value of soils in China and the natural background value of soils in the Nanjing area The mean total Cr concentration is higher than the mean value of soils in China and the natural...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:22

... communication) Other problems of these reactors are the release of DOM into the solution and the adsorption of DOM onto the biofilms Furthermore, it seems impossible to determine the pool sizes and the residence ... between size classes The reason for this is probably the depletion of degradable compounds by the activated microorganisms during late spring and summer On the other hand, the preferential degradation ... winter and these compounds would largely appear in the small size class For aquatic DOM, Amon and Benner (1994, 1996) found opposite results In their samples obtained from the Gulf of Mexico and the...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:22

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:22

... the other hand, in the CCA, soil As was mainly present in the stable Fe–As and Ca– As fractions ($ 80% of the total As) (Fig 1) Phosphate rock and the two composts had neutral pH levels ($ 7) The ... (WE–As) and Al–As in the CCA soil For the ASC soil, however, treatments decreased Fig Soil pH (a and b) and DOC (c and d) in the CCA (a, c) soil and ASC (b, d) soil samples after compost and phosphate ... of the CCA soil was probably due to the similar pH of the soil and each of the amendments The application of the neutral pH amendments increased pH of the acidic ASC soil at first However, there...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 00:07

... organic and residual phases Hewitt and Candy (1990), examined levels of Pb, Cd and Zn in soil and dust samples collected in and around the city of Cuenca, Ecuador The metal concentrations for the ... is the most likely of the three explanations proposed by Ward and others (1975) Another possibility is surface run-off carrying the metals into surface drainages, bypassing the soil Either of these ... Pb, Zn and Cu are acting together and they are more closely associated with the amount of organic C in the soil than with depth Ni and Cr, however, did not show any association with other metals,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 00:25

... increase in the other fractions This is similar to the observations made by others for both Cd and other metals in the presence of lime (Table 1) and other inorganic amendments, such as apatite and flyash ... fraction (F3) and residual fraction (F4) For Cd measurements the soil samples from the pot experiment were used at the end of the glasshouse trial and the details of the extractable Cd and fractionation ... between the negatively charged DOC and soil particles and also helps in the coagulation of DOC The greater loss of organic matter in the form of DOC in the KOH-treated soil may be one of the reasons...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 00:25

... vector and the pCMVb normalization vector After incubation, luciferase and b-galactosidase activities were assayed The results are expressed as the ratio between the luciferase activity and the ... activities were assayed The results are expressed as the ratio between the luciferase activity and the b-galactosidase activity, as means ± 1SD (n ¼ 3) *, ** and ***, P < 0.05, 0.01 and 0.001 versus ... normoxia (*), (**) and (***), P < 0.05, 0.01 and 0.001 versus hypoxia [*] and [**], P < 0.05 and 0.01 versus PMA alone (E) The table summarizes the inhibition percentage of HIF-1, c-myc and AP-1 DNA...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 15:20

... cannot be the same in both phases unless the Standard State for both is the same On the other hand, the chemical potential and fugacity are always the same in the two phases at equilibrium The combination ... formally as the algebraic sum of two other Standard-State thermodynamic functions: 12,15 (1.41) where ~rHo is the standard enthalpy change and ~rSo is the standard entropy change for the reaction ... water in the two phases be equal However, the activities of water in the two phases will not be the same because the Standard State for the two phases is not the same Indeed, fO = atm for the water...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 10:28

... Hoa, Ninh Thuan): < 600 mm The landforms of the Southern Central Coast comprise: (i) mountains and midlands, (ii) river deltas, and (iii) coastal sand dunes, floodplains and swamps Major Soils used ... Acrisols, Fluvisols and Arenosols comprise the major soil types of the South Central Coast of Vietnam The areal extents of the soils are given in Table Of the total land area of the Southern Central ... smallholders in the focus provinces, and document the specific soil requirements of these crops/cropping systems link soil constraints to the soil requirements of the major upland crops and develop...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20