gis and expert systems for impact assessment

... PART I GIS and expert systems for impact assessment The potential of expert systems and GIS for impact assessment Expert systems and decision support 27 GIS and impact assessment 52 GIS and environmental ... management 81 GIS and expert systems for impact assessment 116 PART II Building expert systems (with and without GIS) for impact assessment 159 Project screening and scoping 163 Hard-modelled impacts: ... resources; land use and planning impacts; traffic impacts; noise impacts; air pollution impacts; impacts on soil and land; impacts on geology and hydrogeology; impacts on ecology (terrestrial and aquatic)...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 20:20

... programmers, the former is the domain of experts, and it was essential for the development of expert systems to find ways of obtaining that knowledge from the experts Techniques for acquiring and encoding ... Sasson, R (1986) Expert Systems 1986, Vol 1, USA and Canada, Ovum Ltd © 2004 Agustin Rodriguez-Bachiller with John Glasson 50 GIS and expert systems for IA Hewett, J., Timms, S and D’Aumale, G ... shadows and colour differences, then reconstructing shapes © 2004 Agustin Rodriguez-Bachiller with John Glasson 30 GIS and expert systems for IA • • (concavity and convexity) from those edges, and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 20:20

... 74 GIS and expert systems for IA Conference/Workshop on Integrating GIS and Environmental Modelling, National Centre for Geographic Information and Analysis, Santa Fe (New Mexico) (in CD format) ... John Glasson 66 GIS and expert systems for IA • • • • For soil pollution-risk analysis, Pires and Santos (1996) use IDRISI with satellite and other data to construct a risk model for São Paulo ... system for monitoring and mapping emission sources and radiation effects to produce risk maps On impacts from mining, Asabere (1992) uses GIS to simulate and map such impacts, and Suri and Venkatachalam...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 20:20

... Rodriguez-Bachiller with John Glasson 84 GIS and expert systems for IA use remote sensing to map fallow land, and Allanson and Moxey (1996) map agricultural land-use changes in England and Wales; Pratt et al (1997) ... Rodriguez-Bachiller, A (2000) Geographical Information Systems and Expert Systems for Impact Assessment Part I: GIS, Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management, Vol 2, No (September), ... Glasson 100 GIS and expert systems for IA Chuvieco, E and Salas, J (1996) Mapping the Spatial Distribution of Forest Fire Danger Using GIS, International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, ...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 20:20

... GIS and expert systems for IA 117 the potential of ES appearing in the environmental literature, and prototypes starting to be developed and used 5.2.1 Expert systems without GIS for impact assessment ... Planning, Oxford Brookes University Rodriguez-Bachiller, A (2000) Geographical Information Systems and Expert Systems for Impact Assessment Part II: Expert Systems and Decision Support Systems, ... 136 GIS and expert systems for IA For impact mitigation, Kusse and Wentholt (1992) discuss the RIM system which combines an ES and a GIS to simulate emission levels into ground water before and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 20:20

... amount of expertise and/ or programming This suggests that GIS also can benefit from being linked to other systems (like expert systems) that “manage” their performance GIS can be used by such systems ... 160 Building expert systems for IA monitoring and management, which provide the backcloth for the more technical core of IA Experience also seems to indicate that for GIS to perform more technical ... odours dust and particulate matter Waste disposal treatment Soil and land loss of agricultural land soil contamination 10 Landuse and planning plans and planning policies 11 Material assets and resources...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 20:20

... noise, and any at-source mitigation that can be used to reduce noise is likely to also reduce vibration and re-radiated noise 7.4 CONCLUSIONS: EXPERT SYSTEMS FOR AIR-POLLUTION AND NOISE IMPACT ASSESSMENT ... models for air-pollution impact assessment © 2004 Agustin Rodriguez-Bachiller with John Glasson Hard-modelled impacts 231 Figure 7.21 Models and subroutines in noise -impact assessment • • standard ... provide standards for annual averages but only the WHO has one for hourly averages, and the standard most appropriate for each case should be identified, preferably following the aforementioned...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 20:20

... of Morris and Therivel, 2001): A – Woodland and scrub B – Grassland and marsh C – Tall herb and fern D – Heathland E – Mires F – Swamp, marginal and inundation G – Open water H – Coastlands I – ... of landscape impact assessment Figure 8.11 Project characteristics for landscape impact assessment • • “extension” and width on various sides, as this will determine much of their visual impact; ... preliminary desk study: landform, landcover and landscape features On the other hand, a more subjective approach is used to determine the “character” and quality of the landscape – and this is why it...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 20:20

... Guidelines for Traffic Impact Assessment, Institution of Highways and Transportation, London Petts, J and Eduljee, G (1994a) Transport, in Environmental Impact Assessment for Waste Treatment and Disposal ... Rodriguez-Bachiller with John Glasson 302 Building expert systems for IA Figure 9.11 Project information for traffic impact assessment (i) removing earth and rubble when clearing the site; (ii) supplying ... under “landscape”); ecological effects (considered under “ecology”) It is rare for impact assessment studies to cover all these impacts, but it is common practice for good-quality impact assessment...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 20:20

... Environmental Impact Assessment for Waste Treatment and Disposal Facilities, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester (Ch 10) Petts, J and Eduljee, G (1994b) “Geology and soils”, in Environmental Impact Assessment for ... part of the expertise in this field, and should be one of the first steps before the impact assessment as such In addition to expertise, a source for the identification of those standards should ... 318 Building expert systems for IA Figure 10.1 The interlinked logic of hydrogeology, water, and water-ecology impacts • • • of water as a resource; in impact assessment, these impacts are usually...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 20:20

... CONCLUSION: THE LIMITS OF EXPERT SYSTEMS AND GIS The potential “on paper” of new technologies such as expert systems and GIS for a fast-expanding field of professional work like impact assessment seemed ... It can therefore be concluded that expert systems have a definite potential for problem solving in IA, but we must once and for all “divorce” the idea of expert systems from specific forms of computer ... of real-time control systems © 2004 Agustin Rodriguez-Bachiller with John Glasson 390 Building expert systems for IA Figure 12.5 Chains of expert systems, models, GIS and expertise inputs “think...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 20:20

... test weights for each sport 12 Expert Systems for Human, Materials and Automation Knowledge engineering, forming of the knowledge base and coding of the stand-alone application lasted for about ... kinesiology experts A questionnaire presented by Table was prepared and handed out to two groups of experts: general knowledge experts (kinesiology teachers in high and elementary schools) and experts ... specific expert system for the basketball performance prediction and assessment (Dežman et al, 2001a, 2001b) Neither of these systems have used web technologies nor implementation of fuzzy logic An expert...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... IGC 28 Expert Systems for Human, Materials and Automation Table Radius parameters, mean incidence and parametric index for excipients DC 29 SeDeM Diagram: A New Expert System for the Formulation ... attendance and the marks obtained It is left to the student, parent and the employer to derive the performance on the division or the grades 42 Expert Systems for Human, Materials and Automation ... 1992) 179-l 88 Graham and P.L Jones, Expert Systems Knowledge, Uncertainty and Decision (Chapman and Computing, Boston 1988) I 17-l 58 K Hattori and Y Tor, Effective algorithms for the nearest neighbor...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... statement and searching and formulating the answers on them QA-modeling helps to combine questions and answers in QA-model of the task and its parts and for checking them on the correctness and conformity ... elaborated: DocWIQA for the creation and manage of living documents, EduWIQA for the automated teaching, TechWIQA for technological preparation for production and EmWIQA for the expert monitorng ... create and use the icon for the necessary types or subtypes for Z-, Q- and A-objects QA-variables can be qualified as a definite type of Q- and A-objects For this type the icons for letters D and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... energy, and finance 110 Expert Systems for Human, Materials and Automation As a result of advances in natural and biological sciences, current engineering systems, subsystems, components and platforms ... language text, maps, tables, menus, and forms It can also handle input through several modes - menus, forms, and pointing 98 Expert Systems for Human, Materials and Automation Both the use of multi-modal ... cells combine to form tissues (e.g skin tissues, muscle tissues, bone tissues), tissues combine and form organs, organs combine to form organ systems, and organ systems combine to form the human...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... 116 Expert Systems for Human, Materials and Automation 2.2.3 Health prognostics (HP) The word prognostic is taken from the Greek Prognostikos (of knowledge beforehand) It combines pro (before) and ... (a) (b) Fig Example of human cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems 114 Expert Systems for Human, Materials and Automation (a) (b) Fig Systems – (a) Engineering system (gas turbine engine) ... terminology employed human systems and medical references as illustration platforms It is well known that biological systems are the most complex, intelligent, expert and adaptive systems that science...

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... only one? 162 Expert Systems for Human, Materials and Automation An expert system must have compulsory three main modules that form the so-called essential system: • Knowledge base formed by the ... knowledge and addition of new ones into knowledge base 166 Expert Systems for Human, Materials and Automation The first two components form the so-called knowledge base Representation and organization ... inputs and outputs and it even learns to simulate the relations between input and output parameters 169 Expert System Used on Materials Processing The analysis of expert systems The analysis of expert...

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... personalization, Expert Systems with Applications 32(2006) 77-85 Kwang Hyuk Im, Sang Chan Park, Case-based reasoning and neural network expert system for personalization, Expert Systems with Applications ... from 1995 to 2004 ,Expert Systems with Applications 28(2005),93-103 180 Expert Systems for Human, Materials and Automation Singh A., et al Predicting microstructural evolution and yield strength ... temperature, Expert Systems with Applications 29(2005)835-838 Saha Podder, A.S Pandit, A Murugaiyan, D Bhattacharjee and R.K Ray, Phase transformation behaviour in two C-Mn-Si based steels Ander different...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... methods of NDT and expert system for condition monitoring and assessment of concrete structures ITOM provided a wide range of special and advanced techniques for most aspects of subsea and underwater ... designed, implemented and tested for realtime and accurate detection of the emulsion layer in a 4.35 m height tank In addition, it was 208 Expert Systems for Human, Materials and Automation demonstrated ... science and computer science with the overal goal to improve reasoning capabilities of computers Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), fuzzy and adaptive fuzzy systems, and expert systems are good candidates...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... itself and the specifications 254 16 Expert Systems for Human, Materials and Automation Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH Fig 17 Systems of Benchmark ordered from lower to higher L/T value Fig 18 Systems ... the force-time function of an impact and its resulting frequencies of an impact differ between areas of good and poor quality concrete (Cawley & Adams 1988) Fig Spectra of time histories for ... creates the necessity to employ intelligent systems, due to the demand of a better performance and resolution of complex problems both for men as well as for the machines Gradually the time restrictions...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20