getting the address of a variable

... of function arguments like the parameters to an equation If you want to know the area of a square, you might have a formula that squares the length of the side; here, the side length is the argument ... structure The language, while comprehensible to humans, is more strictly structured than a normal language, and the vocabulary is much smaller C++ is one of these languages, and a popular one at that ... many more modern programming language features that make it easier to program than C C++ maintains all the power of the C language, while providing new features to programmers that make it easier...

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2014, 11:10

... Arrays During Declaration Some Restrictions on Array Processing 480 481 Arrays as Parameters to Functions Constant Arrays as Formal Parameters 482 483 Base Address of an Array and Array in Computer ... until the late middle ages The abacus uses a system of sliding beads in a rack for addition and subtraction In 1642, the French philosopher and mathematician Blaise Pascal invented the calculating ... Reversing Diagonal 509 Passing Two-Dimensional Arrays as Parameters to Functions 511 Arrays of Strings Arrays of Strings and the string Type 514 514 Arrays of Strings and C-Strings (Character Arrays)...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 07:20

... (15.2-32) Maintaining the area of the slot and the area of the tooth base, the depth of the slot (exclusive of the tooth tip) and width of the tooth base are set in accordance with dsiR = aslt wsiR ... depth of the magnetic steel into the page) is denoted as l The quantity αpm is the angular fraction of a magnetic pole occupied by the permanent magnet All of these variables, with the exception of ... remember that the peak tangential flux density in the backiron and the peak radial flux density not occur at the same spatial location Indeed, they are spatially separated by 90 electrical degrees...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 18:55

... this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Levitin, Anany Introduction ... Introduction Analysis framework; O, , notations Mathematical analysis of nonrecursive algorithms Mathematical analysis of recursive algorithms Brute-force algorithms Exhaustive search Depth-first search and ... would eat the goat, and the goat would eat the cabbage Solve this problem for the peasant or prove it has no solution (Note: The peasant is a vegetarian but does not like cabbage and hence can eat...

Ngày tải lên: 29/05/2014, 16:54

... is a square wave at half the frequency of the input q[0], the output q[2] is a square wave at half the frequency of the input q[1], and the output q[3] is a square wave at half the frequency of ... digital design has taken place over the past decade Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) can now contain over a million equivalent logic gates and tens of thousands of flip-flops This means that ... have the equivalent of millions of gates and tens of thousands of flip-flops Xilinx Part CPLDs 9500 family FPGAs Spartan Spartan II Spartan IIE Spartan Spartan-3E Virtex Virtex E Virtex-II Table...

Ngày tải lên: 06/06/2014, 00:38

... bracket = span s of the bracket = outer diameter of bar = inner diameter of bar = outer diameter of bar = inner diameter of bar In terms of these variables, the cross-sectional areas A1 and A2 ... designated as design variables at the problem formulation phase Later on, some of the variables can be assigned fixed values A numerical value should be given to each variable once design variables ... in the formulation process is to identify a set of variables that describe the system, called design variables In general, they are referred to as optimization variables and are regarded as free...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:20

... inches; the size of the plot also can be adjusted by selecting the image in Mathematica and dragging one of the black square control points; the images in Mathematica can be copied and pasted to a ... added to the Epilog command to put a dot at the optimum point Graphical Optimization 63 3.3 Use of MATLAB for Graphical Optimization MATLAB is another software package that has many capabilities ... Projected area of tank, for wind loading, Ap = Load on the column due to weight of water and steel tank, Radius of gyration, Average thickness of tank wall, Volume of tank, Surface area of tank, P...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:20

... Karush-Kuhn-Tucker Theorem 4.6 or the Lagrange Theorem 4.5 are satisfied In particular; we have assumed that x* is a regular point of the feasible design space That is, gradients of all the active constraints at ... unconstrained function of a single variable at the point x* is zero, then it is a local maximum point for the function The curvature of an unconstrained function of a single variable at its local ... nonnegative 18 All eigenvalues of a negative definite matrix are strictly negative 19 The quadratic form appears as one of the terms in Taylor’s expansion of a function 20 A positive definite quadratic...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:20

... slack variables that serve as basic variables in Phase I Therefore, the number of articial variables is less than mthe total number of constraints Accordingly, the number of articial variables ... nonnegative auxiliary variables for the type and equality constraints, dene an auxiliary LP problem, and solve it using the Simplex method The auxiliary variables are called articial variables and ... constraint of the standard LP problem requires an articial variable We shall see later in examples that constraints that not require an articial variable can also be treated routinely Recalling that...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:20

... a1 , and a2 as follows: a0 + a1 a l + a2 a l2 = f (a l ) a0 + a1 a i + a2 a i2 = f (a i ) a0 + a1 a u + a2 a u = f (a u ) f (a) f (a) q (a) Quadratic approximation to f (a) al a* a au FIGURE 9-1 Quadratic ... between aa and au The interval between al and aa is discarded The procedure is repeated with a = aa and a = au (IÂ = a - a ) l u u l f (a) (au al)/ al aa ab au FIGURE 8-7 An alternate equal interval ... 0.618I) or ab = au - 0.382I (calculations are shown in the second part of Table 8-1) Note that aa and f(aa) are already known and need no further calculation This is the main advantage of the golden...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:20

... volume girder and at the same time satisfy requirements of the AASHTO Specications (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Ofcials) (Arora et al., 1997) The dead load for the girder ... Statement Welded plate girders are used in many practical applications, such as overhead cranes, and highway and railway bridges As an example of formulation of a practical design problem and the ... The rst block contains information about the design variables Symbols for the variables and their upper and lower limits are dened The cells containing the starting values for the variables are...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:20

... commands that are not connected to any specific area of application are available Table 13-1 contains a list of commands that are currently available Using these commands, the designer can interactively ... No of calls for evaluation of constraint function gradient = 11 No of total gradient evaluations = 20 13.5.4 Use of Interactive Graphics The graphical display of a large amount of data is an ... describe software that has some of the previously stated capabilities Other available software may also have similar capabilities The present program is called IDESIGN, which stands for Interactive...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:20

... Discrete Variable If assignment of a value to a variable species the values for a group of parameters, then it is called a linked discrete variable Binary Variable A discrete variable that can have a ... given set of values Integer Variable A variable that can have only integer values is called an integer variable Note that the integer variables are just a special class of discrete variables Linked ... number of variables The main concern of the rounding-off approach is the selection of variables to be increased and the variables to be decreased The strategy may not converge, especially in case of...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:20

... minor of the element aij of matrix A Then the cofactor of aij is defined as cofac (aij ) = (-1) i+ j A ij (B.23) The determinant of A is calculated in terms of the cofactors as n A = Â aij cofac (aij ... elements and others are called the off-diagonal elements A square matrix having zero entries at all off-diagonal locations is called a diagonal matrix If all main diagonal elements of a diagonal matrix ... x1 and x2 are calculated as x1 = a2 2 b1 - a1 2 b2 , a1 1a2 2 - a1 2 a2 1 x2 = a1 1b2 - a2 1b1 a1 1a2 2 - a1 2 a2 1 (e) The denominator (a1 1a2 2 - a1 2a2 1) is identified as the determinant of the matrix A of...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:20

... example—use of artificial variables, 225–226 example—use of artificial variables for ≥ type constraints, 221–223 example—use of artificial variables for equality constraints, 223–224 Phase I algorithm, ... Programs 60 AL = AA FL = FA AU = AB FU = FB AA = AL + (1.0D0 - 1.0D0 / GR) * (AU - AL) CALL UPDATE(XN,X,D,AA,NDV) CALL FUNCT(XN,FA,NCOUNT,NDV) AB = AL + (AU - AL) / GR CALL UPDATE(XN,X,D,AB,NDV) ... Hessian of function, 92–93 example—linear Taylor’s expansion of function, 95–96 example—Taylor’s expansion of a function of one variable, 94 example—Taylor’s expansion of a function of two variables,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:20

... Searching an Array for a Specific Item Arrays of Objects Arrays of string Objects Arrays of Objects of Other Classes Arrays and Variable Length Parameter List (Optional) Two-Dimensional Arrays ... Processing a Java Program Java has two types of programs—applications and applets The following is an example of a Java application program: public class MyFirstJavaProgram { public static void main(String[] ... skim and become familiar with some of the hardware and software components of the computer This chapter also gives an example of a Java program and describes how a Java program is processed The...

Ngày tải lên: 27/10/2014, 00:49

... 1.31b)dbecause of the additional armor load and change of load path Therefore, the design must be altered to improve control arm durability Reliability of the bearing, gear, and spring at a 99% fatigue ... incorporates the fields of mechanics and dynamics as well as the many failure theories From a theoretical perspective, the primary goal of structural analysis is the computation of deformations, internal ... evaluations using CAE software, and carrying out manufacturing simulations and cost estimates using CAM software Product modeling and simulations using integrated CAD/CAE/CAM software are the...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2016, 14:37

... which the value of the sample value during each period of sampling is a constant; the sample can assume any continuous value The signals of this type are known as sampled-data signals, and they are ... floating-point representation of binary numbers The values of the inductors, capacitors, and the parameters of the operational amplifier parameters and CMOS transistors, and so on used in the analog ... decreases and therefore the accuracy and dynamic range of the input and output data decrease For example, data on a few ADCs currently available are given in Table 1.3 [3] Hence digital signal...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2012, 10:21