general principles for approaches to the facial skeleton
General Principles for Approaches to the Facial Skeleton - part 3 pdf
... deep into the lateral orbit allows retraction of these tissues to expose the frontozygomatic suture Figure 30 Dissection to the level of the frontozygomatic suture The tissues superficial to the ... method to pass this suture is to identify the superior limb of the canthal tendon first with small, toothed forceps placed into the incision The forceps are passe along the medial side of the lateral ... limb of the lateral canthal tendon The bulk of the lateral canthal tendon attaches to the orbital tubercle, to mm posterior to the orbital margin Following canthotomy, the superior limb of the canthal...
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General Principles for Approaches to the Facial Skeleton - part 4 doc
... 10 to 15 mm above the upper eyelid margin The levator muscle usually becomes aponeurotic at the equator of the globe in the superior orbit The aponeurosis courses anteriorly to insert onto the ... of Facial Nerve The temporal branches of the facial nerve are often called the frontal branches when they reach the supraciliary region The nerves provide motor innervation to the frontalis, the ... Branches of the facial nerve The distance from the anterior concavity of the external auditory canal to the crossing of the zygomatic arch (arrow) by the temporal branch varies from to 35 mm Figure...
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General Principles for Approaches to the Facial Skeleton - part 5 pot
... locations for realignment of the flap during closure The initial incision extends from one superior temporal line to the other, to the depth of the pericranium (see inset) The dissection will be in the ... either of these wide exposure methods The vascular and neural supply to the masseter muscle courses from the medial side of the mandible through the sigmoid notch into the masseter muscle Therefore, ... method to identify and cauterize the artery is to strip the periosteum along the roof of the orbit and inferior to where the artery pierces the medial orbital wall With a periosteal elevator on...
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General Principles for Approaches to the Facial Skeleton - part 6 pot
... TRANSORAL APPROACHES TO THE FACIAL SKELETON The midfacial and mandibular skeleton can be readily exposed through incisions placed inside the oral cavity The approaches are rapid and safe and the exposure ... the midfacial skeleton, from the zygomatic arch to the infraorbital rim to the frontal process of the maxilla The greatest advantage of the approach is the hidden intraoral scar that result The ... tightened to examine the effect of the medial pull of the alar bases on the nose (Fig 7-7) Another method is to evert the tissue into the incision area by pressing the thumb or finger into the alar facial...
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General Principles for Approaches to the Facial Skeleton - part 8 ppsx
... laterally into the substance of the parotid gland The length of the facial nerve trunk that is visible to the surgeon is about 1,3 cm It divides into the temporofacial and cervicofacial divisions ... inferior to the lowest part of the bony external auditory meatus (Fig 10-1) The average distance from the lowest point on the external bony auditory meatus to the bifurcation of the facial nerve ... Posterior to the parotid gland, the nerve trunk is at least cm deep to the surface of the skin The two divisions proceeds forward in the substance of the parotid gland and divide into their terminal...
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General Principles for Approaches to the Facial Skeleton - part 9 docx
... facelift The deeper dissection is the same as described for the retromandibular approach The main advantage of the rhytidectomy approach to the ramus is the les conspicuous facial scar The disadvantage ... throughout the surgical procedure When the rhytidectomy approach to the mandible ramus/angle is used, the structures that should be visible in the field include the corner of the eye, the corner of the ... before injection of a vasoconstrictor The incision begins approximately 1,5 to cm superior to the zygomatic arch just posterior to the anterior extent of the hairline (Fig 11-2) The incision then...
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General Principles for Approaches to the Facial Skeleton - part 10 pps
... Failure to develop the flap close to the cartilaginous external auditory canal increases the risk of damage to these structures Below the zygomatic arch, dissection proceeds bluntly adjacent to the ... Dissection above the zygomatic arch to the level of the superficial layer of the temporalis fascia Dissection below the zygomatic arch along the external auditory meatus to the same depth 171 ... Step Marking the Incision The incision is outlined at the junction of the facial skin with helix of the ear A natural skin fold along the entire length of the junction of the incision can...
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Approaches to the design of model predictive controller for constrained linear systems with bounded disturbances
... defined by (1.6) has to be reformulated to take into account: (i) the effect of w(t) and (ii) the interpretations of constraints (1.6d) and (1.6e) in the presence of w(t) For the control of system ... priori in the parametrization, one method of designing this feedback gain is introduced to control the asymptotic behavior of the closed-loop system The underlying idea of the method is that the support ... f , x(i|t) is the nominal value of x(i|t) or the state x(i|t) with the ¯ absence of w(i|t), the last term in (1.16) is due to the presence of disturbance and its value belongs to the set Fi defined...
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Approaches to the design of model predictive controllers for linear, piecewise linear and nonlinear systems
... arises in the above MPC problem is the asymptotic behavior From Theorem 3.1.1, the disturbances drive the states in F∞ as t goes to infinity Therefore, F∞ may be regarded as the ‘origin’ for system ... attraction for a fixed N Increasing the length of N leads to a greater number of decision variables and, therefore, to a greater on-line computational effort One of the ways to reduce the on-line ... Except for some special cases [41, 60], there is no method for the exact computation of F∞ for LBD systems In the literature, efforts [10, 33, 67, 75, 80] to compute the outer bounds of F∞ for LBD...
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12 Principles for Responding to Negative Online Comments
... ereafter reg ularly Appear an xious to h elp, as opposed to desperate to please Backin g yourself in to a rh etorical corn er can prove awkward wh en you h ave to extricate yourself publicly Be ... price of en try to th e social web, an d th at deletin g or deman din g ch an g es to n eg ative posts can provide detractors with a powerful rh etorical weapon Rath er, always try to main tain ... secretive Accordin g to NM In cite (pdf), users of Facebook pag es expect to be respon ded to with in 24 h ours an d Twitter users with in h ours In social media, it often pays more to be quick th...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Who, What, When, Where, Why? Comparing Multiple Approaches to the Cross-Lingual 5W Task" pptx
... annotation parser to extract the 5Ws English-function used the function tags from the parser to map parser constituents to the 5Ws First the Who, When, Where and Why were extracted, and then the remaining ... answers The 5W system names were hidden from the annotators Annotators had to select “Correct”, “Partial” or “Incorrect” for each W For answers that were Partial or Incorrect, annotators had to further ... characteristics of the task The What answer was the hardest for all systems, since it is difficult to include enough information to cover the top-level predicate and object, without getting penalized for including...
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Báo cáo khóa học: Genetic approaches to the cellular functions of polyamines in mammals potx
... plausible explanation for the failure to inhibit tumorigenesis is the competition of the mutant ODC for the binding of the antizyme and releasing the wild-type enzyme [52] The mechanisms whereby ... whether spermidine depletioninduced growth arrest is attributable to the polyamine itself or whether it is related to the shortage of hypusine to form a functional translation initiation factor ... accumulation during late spermatogenesis appears to be detrimental to the germ cells and, hence, antizyme apparently functions to limit any ODC expression to the early spermatogenesis The transgene-derived...
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Understanding Tuberculosis – Global Experiences and Innovative Approaches to the Diagnosis Edited by Pere-Joan Cardona potx
... bottle, the isolate is resistant and if the GU is less than or equal to 100 then the isolate is susceptible However, for the test to be valid, the GU of the control bottle cannot reach 400 before ... susceptible If the difference is less than or equal to days, then the isolate is considered resistant However, for the test to be valid, the time to growth in the control bottle has to be between ... from the patient’s form that accompanied the specimens when they were received at the laboratory for culture, identification and DST Information obtained was then entered into Excel spreadsheet for...
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motley - darwin's harvest - new approaches to the origins, evolution and conservation of crops (columbia, 2006)
... lineages to be placed sister to the wild progenitor populations Evolutionary History of the Domesticated Sunflower 37 from which they were derived, and this is not the case On the other hand, given the ... both tomatoes and potatoes are of New World origin (figure 1.1) At the time of their introduction into the Old World, Europeans did not immediately accept these crops because they were similar to ... the 74% bootstrap value for the node subtending Colorado, the 54% bootstrap for the node subtending Seneca, and the 62% bootstrap for the node subtending Mammoth–Maíz de Tejas not appear on the...
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United States General Accounting Office Report to the Congress _part1 potx
... GAO United States General Accounting Office Washington, D.C 20648 Comptroller General of the United States B-250977 June 15,1994 To the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives ... this report to the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, the Chairmen and Ranking Minority Members of the Senate ... supporting information The ineffective internal conbrols and unreliable information also affected the reliability of a signiscant amount of the information contained in the Overview to the Financial...
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United States General Accounting Office Report to the Congress _part2 ppt
... limited information, such as that gathered from forms W-2 and 1099 For these cases, IRS assessesthe maximum potential tax owed For example, when calculating the tax for a substitute return for an ... return’ potential for error -the higher the score, the s greater the likelihood that the return will be selected for audit This is a program designed to audit about percent of the taxpayer population ... program for the 1994 tax year to update the last program (performed in 19SS), models to estimate noncompliance for taxpayers in specific groups and geographic areas, and a system to assess the collectibility...
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United States General Accounting Office Report to the Congress _part3 docx
... balances IW officials told us that they believe that these negative amounts are the result of reimbursable services performed for other agencies that were not bilIed to these agencies; however, ... been charged to fiscal year 1991 based on a review of the file related to the sample item The employee stated they charged the next fiscal year’ funds when the amount obligated in the s prior ... such assets are either turned over to other agencies, converted to IRSuse, or returned to the taxpayer We were unable to audit amounts reported for IRS’ seized assets because the agency could...
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United States General Accounting Office Report to the Congress _part4 pot
... time it takes to answer their questions and resoIve their tax account problems We must alao ensure that they need uwrtact us only once to get the help they request To successfully meet these challenges, ... easier for taxpayers to participate by developing Form 9465 to request an installment agreement The results of these changes can be seen in the increase to installment agreements from 1992 to I993 ... transactions for individual taxpayers to the master file and general iedger We also recommend that the Commissioner direct the Chief of Taxpayer Services to establish and implement procedures to proactively...
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