gemini a natural language system for spokenlanguage understanding

... paper describes the lexicon, grammar, and semantics of English, Gemini has also been used in a Japanese spo- ken language understanding system (Kameyama, 1992). 2.1. Grammar Formalism Gemini ... that when they are formulated loosely, as in the pre- vious paragraph, they appear to conflict. In par- ticular, in ( 2a) , Right Association seems to call for the parse that makes for Mary a ... grammatical category plays a spe- cial role in the typing scheme of Gemini. For each category, Gemini makes a set of declarations stipu- lating its allowable features and the relevant value spaces....

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 21:20

... knowledge and that a sophisticated natural language sys- tem must have a large knowledge base. But heretofore, the knowledge bases in natural language systems have either encoded only a few kinds ... for a Natural Language System Jerry R. Hobbs Artificial Intelligence Center SRI International and Center for the Study of Language and Information Stanford University Abstract A sophisticated ... been carried out as part of a project to build a system for natural language access to a computerized medical textbook on hepatitis. The user asks a question in English, and rather than at-...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 05:21

... lexicai lookup, syntactic parsing, semantic analysis, and pragmatic analysis. Each stage has been designed to use linguistic data such as the lexicon and grammar, which are maintained separately ... integrated these large scale linguistic resources into our natural language understanding system. Client- server architecture was used to make a large volume of lexical information and a large ... (WordNet-based KB concept names from ISI see text) 984 Integration of Large-Scale Linguistic Resources in a Natural Language Understanding System Lewis M. Norton, Deborah A. Dahl, Li Li, and Katharine...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 18:20

... long-range research prt~gram rather than as a short-term goal. Motiva!ion Rcasearch on natural language processing sys- tems today strives for the construction of robust and portable systems) ... eliminate arbitrariness. Rather, a definition of representative corpus must take into account tile research goals pursued. For a natural language system which is sup- posed to analyze and ... (;ci'many lhnaih !,1'~!! at I)! ll)iBM I.BITNI'71' ABSTRACT The desire to construct robust and portable na- tural language systems has led to research on how a core vocabulary...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 10:20

... template-based approach that has been taken in the system, enables the basic language generation algorithms application independent and language independent. At the final stage of language generation ... Generation’, is a branch of computational linguistics, which deals with automatic genera- tion of text in natural human language by the machine. It can be conceptualized as a process leading from a high ... Pradipta Biswas School of Information Technology Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302 INDIA pbiswas@sit.iitkgp.ernet.in Abstract Natural Language Generation (NLG) is a way...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... the ACL Student Research Workshop, pages 61–66, Ann Arbor, Michigan, June 2005. c 2005 Association for Computational Linguistics Towards an Optimal Lexicalization in a Natural- Sounding Portable ... Abstract In contrast to the latest progress in speech recognition, the state-of-the-art in natural language generation for spoken language dialog systems is lagging behind. The core dialog managers ... (LExicalization in natural language GENeration for Dialog systems) adapts the pipeline architecture presented in section 2.1 by replacing the document planner with the dialog manager. This makes...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 06:20

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2015, 14:46

... data, and possibly a single fragmented block. If a file system block must be fragmented to obtain space for a small amount of data, the remaining fragments of the block are made available for allocation ... blocks that a user may allocate. A separate quota can be set for each user on each file system. Resources are given both a hard and a soft limit. When a program exceeds a soft limit, a warn- ing ... Performance − measurements, operational analysis; H.3.2 [Information Systems]: Information Storage − file organization Additional Keywords and Phrases: UNIX, file system organization, file system performance,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2012, 14:16

... operating system. - Easy to manage, update database: Database is located at dedicated server that managers can maintain and update it easily. - Quick delivery: web-based model make it portable to ... that contains all logic data of application. Separating logic data from application into it will make program scalable and higher performance. Most of web applications today use Relational Database ... load data from the system because only a part of web page is updated. It does not need to load entire web page. - Access management: each user can access content and use many features that are...

Ngày tải lên: 27/10/2012, 16:40

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:08

... proposed that consists of cooperative working platform, consulting platform, individual KM platform , organizational KM platform, and knowledge transfer platform. This system can effectively manage ... addition, the same question can be asked again and again and the quality of the answers can not be guaranteed. Therefore, the organiza- tion can have personnel in charge of monitoring and tracking questions ... Venkataramanan M. 2003. Enter- prise resource planning: managing the implementa- tion process. European Journal of Operational Research 146: 302–314. Motwni J, Mirchandani D, Madan M, Gunasekaran...

Ngày tải lên: 16/01/2014, 16:33

... Recognition Evaluation (LRE) data. The database was intended to establish a baseline of performance capability for language recognition of conversational tele- phone speech. The database contains recorded ... identification us- ing Gaussian Mixture model tokenization , in Proc. of ICASSP. Yonghong Yan, and Etienne Barnard. 1995. An ap- proach to automatic language identification based on language dependent ... 515–522, Ann Arbor, June 2005. c 2005 Association for Computational Linguistics A Phonotactic Language Model for Spoken Language Identification Haizhou Li and Bin Ma Institute for Infocomm Research...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 15:20

... hardware became sophisticated enough to collect and analyze larger and larger datasets of language fragments. This entailed being able to create statistical language models that actually perform ... reasonable accuracy for different natural language tasks. As one example of the increasing availability of data, Google has recently released the Google Ngram Corpus. The Google Ngram dataset allows ... will concern us when annotating natural language data: consuming and non-consuming tags. A consuming tag refers to a meta- data tag that has real content from the dataset associated with it (e.g.,...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... TTTTCTCGAGAAAGATGCCGATTTGGGCGC 24 GGGGCTCGAGGTTTTATATTTGTTGTAAAA 25 ATATTATATATATATATAGGGTCGTATATA 26 AAATTATAGAAAGCAGTAGA TAAAACAATG 27 CTTCGAAGAATATACTAAAAAATGAGCAGG CAAGATAAACGAAGGCAAAGTTCAATTCA TCATTTTTTTTTTATTCTTTT 28 ... CCCCGAATTCAAATTATAGAAAGCAGTAGA 5 AAGGCTCGAGAGATCTGTTTAGCTTGCCTC 6 AAAAGTCGACGAGCTCGTTTTCGACACTGG 7 TTTTGTCGACATGGCGCAACACGATGAAGC CGTAGACAAC 8 GGGGGGATCCTTACATAAGCGTACAACAAA CACTATTTGATTTCGGCGCCTGAGCATCA TTTAGCTTTTT 9 ... GGGGGGATCCTTACATAAGCGTACAACAAA CACTATTTGATTTCGGCGCCTGAGCATCA TTTAGCTTTTT 19 ATCCAAAGTTTAGCCGATGACCCAAGCCAA 20 TTGGCTTGGGTCATCGGCTAAACTTTGGAT 21 AAACGCCTTCGCCCAAAGTTTAAAAGATGA 22 TCATCTTTTAAACTTTGGGCGAAGGCGTTT 23...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 01:20

... Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan. Fax: + 81 75 595 4758, Tel.: + 81 75 595 4653, E-mail: hatayama@mb.kyoto-phu.ac.jp Abbreviations: SA, ... cyclooxygenase and nuclear factor-kappa B activation [9,10]. In addition to the anti-inflammatory effects, it is noteworthy that SA which can activate HSF Fig. 4. Effect of SA on accumulation of Hsp105 and ... simple screening system for stress response modulators in mammalian cells Keiichi Ishihara, Kenji Horiguchi, Nobuyuki Yamagishi and Takumi Hatayama Department of Biochemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... OA7) Scan (OA1,"Publications", OA6) CreateSet (OA4, OA5) Scan (OA1,"Name",OA4) SetOp (Union,OA5, OA6, OA7) Select (OA3 = TRUE) Aggr (Exists, OA2, OA3) Select (OA2 = "CS") Scan (OA1,"Dept",OA2) ... ) Scan (OA1,"Dept",OA2) Join Scan (OA0,"Member",OA1) Scan (Root,"DBGroup",OA0) Join Join Scan (OA0,"Member",OA1) Scan (Root,"DBGroup",OA0) Join From clause From and Where clauses Final Query Plan Scan (OA0,"Member",OA1) Scan (Root,"DBGroup",OA0) Join Join Project (OA7) Aggr (Count, OA6, OA7) Scan (OA1,"Publications", OA6) CreateSet (OA4, ... Physical Storage External, Read-only Data Sources Query Compilation Data Engine Results Non-Query Requests Utilities -DataGuide Mgr -Loader -Index Mgr Query Operators Object Manager External Data Manager Query Optimizer Query...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 12:20

... not readily available (Zhao et al., 2010). In contrast, bilingual parallel data is in abundance and has been used in extracting paraphrase (Ban- nard and Callison-Burch, 2005; Zhao et al., 2008b; Callison-Burch, ... issues are also raised in (Zhao and Wang, 2010) about using automatic metrics: paraphrase changes less gets larger BLEU score and the evaluations of paraphrase quality and rate tend to be incompatible. To ... and William B. Dolan. 2011. Collecting highly parallel data for paraphrase evaluation. In ACL, pages 190–200. David Chiang. 2007. Hierarchical phrase-based transla- tion. Computational Linguistics,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 14:20

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 05:21

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 00:20