fundamental of data structure by horowitz sahni

... independent of the data representation be written out first. By postponing the choice of how the data is stored we can try to isolate what operations depend upon the choice of data representation. ... devise special ways of representing its elements in our computer. The notion of a data structure as distinguished from a data object is that we want to describe not only the set of objects, but ... value of only one of p or q increases by 2. So, the worst case computing time for this while loop is O(n + m). The total computing time for the while loops of lines 5 and 6 is bounded by O(n...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 19:20

... performed at 298 K. Solutions of 10– 25 lm SOCS3 in the cell were titrated by injection of a total of 290 lL of 80–200 lm of the gp130 peptide. The heat of dilution of the gp130 peptide into buffer ... of the secondary structure and cor- rect domain boundaries of SOCS3 will enable manipu- lation of SOCS3 function by rational mutagenesis. This includes mutagenesis of the PEST motif, either by ... [7] modelled the structures of the ESS and KIR of Fig. 3. PEST sequence conservation in SOCS3. Sequence alignment of the region of SOCS3 containing the PEST motif for a number of mammalian species...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 14:20

... 126–129 129 similar to the flower shape of sample A. The branches of nanoden- drite structure are needle-like nanorods with diameters of 100 nm and lengths of 800 nm, while the backbones have 400–500 ... that of sample A. The higher ammonia content of sample B in initial solution could lead to the slight dissolution of the surface on the backbones of nanodendrite due to the amphoteric feature of ... kinds of nanorods: the large one with a tip of 100–200 nm diameter and the small one with a tip of around 50 nm diameter. Fig. 1G and I shows that the small nanorods come from the backbones of large...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 13:24

... Evaluation of Performance of Mutual Fund Strategies by Comparison of Efficient Frontiers—Joint Exemplar DEA Section 3.4 Step Four: Performance of Mutual Fund Strategies by Comparison of Efficient ... area of management. A review of the origins and uses of the term strategy in the literature displays a wide range of definitions which confuse and compound the basic idea of strategy—the fundamental ... of the Graduate School of the University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin May...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 01:55

... the values of the parameters decrease giving more importance to the fitting of data. The fit of the model to the data was measured by the RMS error of the model with respect to the data nor- malized ... the set of neighbours of the consid- ered point, w 1 , , w M are the weights and s labels each of the 3(N-2) pairs of maps (indicate d by ij in Equation 5). In this article, 25 neighbours of each ... estimating modulus and phase of the flow Simulation parameters Lucas-Kanede approach Horn-Schunck approach Modulus (px/ΔT) Angle (°) Modulus (px/ΔT) Angle (°) F NoF F NoF F NoF F NoF N = 4, SNR = 10 dB...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE Applications to the Memory Hierarchy by Bruce McNutt International Business Machines Corporation San ... LOGIC IN DATA MODELING, Guoqing Chen ISBN: 0 - 7923 - 8253 - 6 INTERCONNECTING HETEROGENEOUS INFORMATION SYSTEMS, Athman FOUNDATIONS OF KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS: With Applications to Databases DATABASE ... NETWORKS: Concept, Design and Deployment of Internet Infrastructure, Michah Lerner, George Vanecek, Nino Vidovic, Dad Vrsalovic; ISBN: 0 - 7923 - 7840 - 7 ADVANCED DATABASE INDEXING, Yannis Manolopoulos,...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 08:20

... function of average cache residency time. x THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE 1.16 IMS storage pools: distribution of record interarrival times. 30 1.17 TSO storage pools: distribution of ... 37 4. Empirical Behavior 40 43 3. USE OF MEMORY BY MULTIPLE WORKLOADS 1. Cache Use by Application 44 2. Analysis of the Working Hypothesis 47 4. USE OF MEMORY AT THE I/O INTERFACE 51 1. Simulation ... 40 2.2 41 2.3 41 57 4.1 6.2 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 7.1 1 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 Tradeoff of memory above and below the I/O interface. 6.1 Overview of free space collection results. 73 Distribution of time between track updates, for the...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 08:20

... probability then falls off rapidly, if no request occurs. This results in a pattern of accesses characterized by short “bursts”, separated by long periods of inactivity. By studying such transient ... power of a memory hierarchy comes from its ability to take advantage of patterns of data use that are transient. Repeated requests tend to be made to a given data item over a short period of ... established that the sequence of locations referenced by software tends to be structured in a self - similar manner. This fact certainly enhances the plausibility of a self - similar relationship...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 08:20

... order by the rate of track references. Let N be the total number of tracks, and consider the subset first L of tracks, given by the first L < N that appear on the sorted list. Then clearly, by ... definition of Ω(l) to obtain the following upper bound on the hit ratio h: THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE (1.1) where l c ≈ .0008 is the fraction of disk tracks capable of being stored ... easily by dedicating each memory resource to contain specific, identified types of data. A real - life comparison between these two alternative strategies is provided by the history of disk...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 08:20

... to the data. If we now examine the structure of database software, in an effort to account for data reuse at a variety of time scales, we find that we need not look far. For example, data reuse ... application data, but also a few of the curves for system data. THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE 2. Slopes between 0.3 and 0.4. This group consists almost entirely of system data Suppose, ... 6 THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE 3. MODEL DEFINITION Eventually, this book will present abundant statistical summaries of data reference patterns. As a starting...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 08:20

... population of tracks currently visiting the cache is given by (1.13): THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE Therefore, By contrast, measurements of the single - reference residency time τ require specific ... example, the minidisk cache facility mentioned earlier manages data in units of one page frame (one block of 4096 bytes). The unit ofgranularity used in managing the cache has an important effect upon ... its use. By laking advantage of (1.12), it is also possible to estimate the value of θ for a running workload, given measurements of T and τ: (1.16) Another interesting implication of the related...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 08:20

... (1.23) The existence of a power law relationship between these quantities was first noted by Chow [ 15], and demonstrated convincingly by Smith [ 16]. 16 THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE But ... performance experienced by a wide range of cached data. Figures 1.4 through 1.10 present the performance of a “plain vanilla” cache, relative to average residency time, for a range of application storage ... 20 THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE Figure 1.7. time. CICS storage pools: cache performance as a function of average cache residency Figure 1.8. time. IMS...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 08:20

... cache size 256 megabytes). At the beginning of the 1990’s, a typical storage control was configured with approximately 120 gigabytes of storage capacity, and an I/O demand of, say, 300 I/O’s ... At this time, the use of explicit controls to restrict the use of cache memory remained common. Today, storage controls offer far larger amounts of memory. Most models of storage control, for ... purchased with less than 1–2 gigabytes of cache. A typical storage control might be configured with one terrabyte of storage capacity, and an I/O demand of, say, 1000 I/O’s per second. Such...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 08:20

... CICS storage pools: distribution oftrack interarrival times. Figure 1.14. CICS storage pools: distribution ofrecord interarrival times. 30 THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE Figure 1.15. IMS ... storage pools: distribution of track interarrival times. Figure 1. 16. IMS storage pools: distribution of record interarrival times. 28 THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE Figure 1.11. DB2 ... pools: distribution oftrack interarrival times. Figure 1.12. DB2 storage pools: distribution ofrecord interarrival times. 26 operating separately [ 18]: THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE (1.26) (Note,...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 08:20

... amount of time t has passed since some given I/O request. The behavior of λ(t) provides an alternative method of characterizing the hierarchical reuse model, which 34 THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA ... the 3380 family of storage devices. 2 Assumes a track belonging to the 3390 family of storage devices. Hierarchical Reuse Model 3 1 Figure 1.17. TSO storage pools: distribution of track interarrival ... reuse model. This results in a series of equations of the form (1.5), one for each workload. In graphical terms, it corresponds to fitting each workload’s plot of interarrival statistics with a...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 08:20

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 08:20

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 08:20

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 08:20

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 08:20

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 08:20