forests in the global carbon cycle implications of climate change

... key to the success of these efforts, not only in developing and disseminating awareness of the state of science in this area, but also in developing awareness and coordination of the ongoing research ... cycle begins with an initial proposal and ends with adoption of a practice The numbers indicate the level of uncertainty (the lower the number, the greater the uncertainty about the science involved) ... national and regional scales in an attempt to improve the focus of research efforts in this area These initiatives include the Climate Change Funding Initiative in Agriculture, the Biological Greenhouse...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:22

... many mRNAs is suppressed and the expression of a certain set of genes including the luminal binding protein gene BiP is induced The underlying mechanisms of UPR in yeasts and mammals have been ... 2.2 Amino Acids, Proline, and Amides It has been reported that amino acids (such as alanine, arginine, glycine, serine, leucine, and valine, the nonprotein amino acids citrulline and ornithine ... of the proline synthesizing enzymes 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR) and the ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) In contrast, the activity of the proline degrading enzyme proline dehydrogenase...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:20

... the protein-bound DNA sample missing bands in DNA sites (“footprints”) where the protein has bound and protected them from cleavage To identify the binding sites, the positions of the footprints ... footprinting assay in that it detects binding of a protein of interest to an end-labeled DNA sequence based on movement of the mixture along a polyacrylamide gel The difference is that there ... with no protein, resulting in a ‘band shift’ The advantage of EMSA is that multiple binding sites can be detected by applying increasing protein concentrations that will then result in more pronounced...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:08

... effective in approximating the optimal values and therefore controlling and maintaining fairness Furthermore, the concept of power index capacity was used to represent all the corresponding constraints ... β is the smooth factor which determines how the estimated R(n) follows the change of actual achieved system throughput In the remaining of the paper, throughout the performance evaluation of our ... effective in approximating the optimal values of wi∗ and therefore controlling and maintaining fairness Performance Evaluation In this section, we evaluate the performance of the proposed method in...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 22:20

... near the Mediterranean in France [37] During the summer, in relation with water stress, the increase in temperature can affect the photosynthesis of firs The effects of such temperature increases ... northerly aspect Table III indicates the rainfall increase necessary to maintain the aridity index at its present lowest level, for a oC, oC and oC temperature increase The increase in rainfall ... differences in the range and value of the indices, in relation to the size of the areas and their altitudes Thus A numidica, A nebrodensis and A pinsapo have high indices due to their positions...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:20

... created in the bottom side of the wind catcher the internal blades of the wind catcher are stretched down up to the height of the ceiling On the other hand, in most of similar studies the same ... have the same direction as the prevailing wind Otherwise, the direction of the wind catcher will take a direction opposite to that of the prevailing wind The height of the wind catcher is determined ... single-pressure wind catchers in different climates of Jordan and concluded that in all these climates the height of these kinds of wind ISSN 2076-2895 (Print), ISSN 2076-2909 (Online) ©2014 International...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:32

... generation in a spin chain of XX model with specially engineered couplings For a spin chain with odd number of spins, the solution of the couplings is obtained by only modifying the two central coupling ... engineered couplings In this section, we will present the main result of the chapter: the solution of the coupling constants for the maximal entanglement generation in a spin chain with pre-engineered ... of PST in a chain containing an odd number of spins The proof will be presented in the Appendix B and C 29 Chapter Entanglement generation in a spin chain In Eq (2.5), δi,j = if i = j, and otherwise...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 15:48

... knowledge management initiatives in software engineering 4.1 Needs in software engineering The field of software engineering have some interesting knowledge related characteristics; software development ... Ubiquitous computing The ease of access to almost any kind of information at any time in any place increases the value of cognitive skills of individuals Choosing the right information to process ... when determining the success in this way of thinking Thomas Davenport, who is one of the most in uential authors in the domain, suggests to approach knowledge as an element in a value chain, that...

Ngày tải lên: 24/01/2014, 00:20

... type of organization Each query in the Slot Filling task consists of the name of the entity, its type (person or organization), a background document containing the name (again, to disambiguate the ... the energetic efforts of this Chinese Christian man and the Refuge Matron… Analysis of Difficult Queries There are 2250 queries in the Entity Linking evaluation; for 58 of them at most (out of ... hybrid approach of combining multiple approaches One particular challenge for KBP, in comparison with earlier IE tasks, was the paucity of training data The official training data, linked to specific...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... interesting knowledge resources, is likely to diminish in the presence of overwhelming size and diversity In essence, the leveraging of the strength of weak ties need to be balanced against the ... types of KMS The contingencies that we discuss the size and diversity of networks, the maintenance of knowledge flows, and the long term effects of the use of KMS provide a window into work in a ... entered details of their expertise into the KMS The KMS could be searched using keywords An interesting feature of the search engine was a thesaurus of technical terms; the engine would automatically...

Ngày tải lên: 30/06/2014, 21:16

... beverage industry groups in over 15 countries/regions, including the 27 countries of the European Union and the countries of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, to allow industry ... reach In terms of scale, the ten multinational companies account for around 80% of the global advertising spend in the food and beverage industry and collectively have revenues in excess of $350 ... corporate innovation Greater R&D intensity is one route to the disruptive innovation critically needed in the food industry R&D intensity is a well-established indicator of industry innovation[21] The...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 14:21

... revealed in their research findings that trust in the team climate tends to affect the knowledge-sharing behavior of individuals, both externally and internally Team climate of interpersonal trust internally ... type of industry in which the study was conducted The summary of main findings can be seen in Table Discussion With the growing importance of knowledge management in organization, facilitation of ... social capital The role of social relationships in knowledge exchange has been a topic of intense debate in 2010 Key research findings of the publications in 2010 indicate that there exists a...

Ngày tải lên: 25/04/2016, 07:34

... mentioned in the text The mean annual runoff totals 880 billion m3 (ranking 12th in the world), of which 70% is generated outside the border lines and flows downstream into Vietnam The mountainous ... to the Red River System Basin of 87,000 km2 (the rest is outside the border) and taking more than 15% of total runoff of the country The Red River Delta is of 16,654 km2 with a high density of ... emergency spillway to lower the water level in the reservoir, hoeing and retamping the transition zones, expanding the cross section of the vulnerable middle portion of the dam with added soil mass...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2013, 22:47

... power to the phones from the switches, and so on In order to maintain the interoperability of the standalone VoIP network with the well-established and century-old PSTN endpoints or terminals (i.e., ... as the SS7 SG and the IPPSTN media gateway controller (MGC) will be directly involved in setting up the connection for the call The IP-PSTN MGW will provide all of the required adaptation of the ... control the IP-PSTN MGW from the MGC, and the MGC software can reside either in the VoIP call server or in an adjacent computer server In order to support continuous availability of the service...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2013, 07:20

... formulate routing algorithms on overlay networks [29] The main advantage of overlay networks is that they offer the possibility to augment the IP routing as well as the QoS functionality of the Internet ... them Overlay routing has the possibility to offer soft QoS provisioning for specific applications while retaining the best-effort Internet model It can for instance bypass the path selection of ... Bradford in UK, University of Catalunia in Barcelona, Spain and University of Pisa in Italy The main focus in ROVER is on QoS-aware overlay routing in multicast environments, as a way to offer soft...

Ngày tải lên: 09/12/2013, 21:15

... if the trend of collecting information continues, they may lose their individuality since they would have no control over the information about them (Kling and Linowes, 1996; Hatch, 1996) The Internet ... drawn from the consumer magazine segment of the printing industry and the grocery multiple (supermarket) segment of the retail industry Both of these industries have benefited from changes in communication ... chapter investigates the case of the South Korean online game company NCsoft’s Lineage: the blood-pledge The rapid success of NCsoft’s Lineage is mainly indebted to two factors The first is the formation...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 11:16

... important for the future will be provision of lifelong learning opportunities, especially in view of the ageing of the labour force and the increasing pace of innovation and change 3.4 Innovation ... enterprises in particular There is increasing awareness of the benefits of lowering the costs of doing business and reducing red tape Objective 3: Encourage the creation and growth of innovative ... Obstacles, in the form of rules and statutes, to the diffusion and exploitation of research results obtained with the support of public funding (including obstacles in the form of the terms of employment...

Ngày tải lên: 16/01/2014, 16:33

... locations or done by different business units Business process reengineering, i.e., removing inefficiencies and bottlenecks and enhancing workflow using automation and other information technologies, ... Specifically, some of the key challenges include: Internal Organizational Issues - “Loss of control” of projects and processes - Increased management attention - Concerns over retaining intellectual ... - Increased travel costs The importance of the risks listed above varies widely from company to company Some of the risks presented could be quite costly and damaging to the business, and therefore,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/01/2014, 07:20

... very important role in promoting organic farming in India Survey findings by NGOs are summarized in the ensuing sections: 2.8.1 Types of farmers involved in organic farming Since NGOs are closely ... concept to India At the beginning of the 19th century, Sir Albert Howard, one of the most important pioneers of organic farming, worked in India for many years, studying soil-plant interactions ... by the NGOs involves various steps, as listed below: • Organizing the farmers; • Educating them on the benefits of organic farming vs conventional farming; • Providing training to farmers in...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 03:20

... clarify the role of vaccination in the control of HPAI was noted, as was the need for a better understanding of the roles of wild birds and the transport and trade of poultry in the spread of the ... practice of contract poultry growing, in which firms contract out the raising of live chickens to independent farmers, is often a key component of this system The poultry industry in the United ... disease, and other factors including the density of farms in the area and linkages with other farms and markets Farm biosecurity measures reduce, but not eliminate, the risk of introduction or...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:20