fermi level alignment in metal semiconductor interfaces

... materials exhibit spintronic properties where charges and spin current are intertwined and can generate a spin-Seebeck effect.27,28 Therefore, the observed giant increase in the Seebeck coefficient ... (LSMO) generates spin current These spin currents may be injected into the ferromagnetic semiconductor (LMO) due to lowering of the effective barrier height, which leads to a giant spin-Seebeck effect ... 9(a)) The cylindrical pillar device structures were fabricated using AZ-9260 resist as an etching mask for inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) (Fig 9(b)) The etching recipe...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 08:53

... add considerable value to the information contained in the training material Study III tries to answer the question whether the considerable training effort used in Studies I and II can be reduced ... not experts in all of the subdomains of the papers they annotated The annotators went through a substantial amount of training, including the reading of coding instructions for the two versions ... summarization task we are particularly interested in having them annotated consistently in our training material The annotators were less good at determining BASIS and CONTRAST This might have...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 03:20

... away the situation is interpreted as involving two independent editing operations The window is set to 4, since the dynamic programming approach is very fast in recovering from local errors When ... for alinging sentences in bilingual corpora In Proceedings of the 29th Meeting of the ACL, pages 177-184 Association for Computational Linguistics, 1991 [Kay and PJSscheisen, 1988] Martin Kay ... segments included in it are marked as insertions so the resulting alignment contains two contiguous sequences of inserted material, one to each one of the texts This prevents wrong pairings to...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 10:20

... burning in homes, businesses, factories and power plants The temperature also affects ozone formation through the change in reaction rates In particular, a high temperature causes an increase in ... of ground -level ozone can irritate the eyes, nose and throat As smog increases, it can trigger more serious health problems, including: • Asthma, bronchitis, coughing and chest pain; • Increased ... - one of the building blocks of ground -level ozone - plays a major role in formation of acid rains Ozone episode in Hanoi City The rapid urbanization and industrialization in Vietnam have brought...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 16:20

... phrase level Alignment at any of these levels has to invoke a different set of textual and linguistic information (acting as unit delimiters) In this paper, alignment is tackled at sentence level ... in our training data, we reconstruct (1) by using four variables For inflective languages like Greek, morphological information associated to word forms plays a crucial role in assigning a single ... phrase level endowed with necessary bilingual information about phrase delimiters It will be shown there, that reusability of previous information facilitates tuning and resolving o f inconsistencies...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 07:20

... 2.4), thereby producing bilingual NE or term dictionaries The workflow also accepts pre-processed documents, thus skipping the tagging process Since all tools use command line interfaces, task automation ... according to five lexical overlap and structural matching feature functions These functions are combined using linear interpolation with weights trained for each language pair and direction using ... level alignment Proceedings of NAACL 2010, Los Angeles, USA Qin Gao and Stephan Vogel 2008 Parallel implementations of a word alignment tool Proceedings of ACL-08 HLT: Software Engineering, Testing,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 20:20

... prediction model of speakers’ intentions using multi -level features The model uses three levels (a morpheme level, a discourse level, and a domain knowledge level) of features as input features of the ... maintain plan recipes In this paper, we propose a statistical model to reliably predict both user’s intention and system’s intention in a schedule management domain The proposed model determines ... assumptions, we define 11 domainindependent speech acts, as shown in Table 1, and 53 domain-dependent concept sequences according 230 to a three-layer annotation scheme (i.e Fully connecting basic concepts...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 02:20

... associations  in relation  to  transgression and regression phase and tectonic  movements:  fluvial  and  marine  terraces  in mainland  and  in continental  shelf  that  are  distributed  in different  ... Delta (CLRD) are the biggest plains in Vietnam.  Developing  history  and  sedimentary  evolution  of  both  deltas  have  closely  related  with  sea  level changes  in Quaternary  in which  regression  were  according  ... beginning  of  a  cycle  was  related  with  coarse  grained  size  pebbles,  sands  proluvial  and  alluvial facies sediment what is mainland origin  and  the  ending  was  related  with  fine ...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 12:20

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 12:20

... underlying alignment scheme In this work, the sentence level alignment algorithm given in (Gale and Church, 1991) has been used for applying segment constraint As shown in Table 5, the alignment ... English-Hindi word alignment However, we propose to impose both frequency range constraint and length constraint (see Section 2.1 and Section 2.3) Instead of the starting point constraint, we have introduced ... → main padtaa hoon (Masculine) but main padtii hoon (Feminine) You read → tum padte ho (Masculine) or tum padtii ho (Feminine) He will read → wah padegaa Due to the presence of multiple Hindi...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20

... compared against the results of the following list of incremental approaches: the baseline (A); the baseline using term instead of word (B); replacing , by , for feature, with and without bilingual ... Cross-lingual news topic tracking In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING) Ralf Steinberger, Bruno Pouliquen, and Johan Hagman 2002 Cross-lingual ... Using the Multilingual Thesaurus EUROVOC Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing Tao Tao and ChengXiang Zhai 2005 Mining Comparable Bilingual Text Corpora for CrossLanguage Information...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:20

... proteins, and has histidine-rich domains (HRDs) that render it a potential metal- binding site of the ZIP transporter [18] Indeed, our recent work showed that the HRDs of TjZNT1 may be involved in ... transporter, indicating that mutation of the N-terminus affects the ion selectivity of TjZNT1 This finding raises the possibility that differences in N-terminal structure are involved in the differential ... (1–7 amino acids ⁄ 1–44 amino acids), Nb1 ⁄ Nb2 (8–128 amino acids ⁄ 45–165 amino acids), L1 ⁄ L2 (129–223 amino acids ⁄ 166–266 amino acids), Ca1 ⁄ Ca2 (224–321 amino acids ⁄ 267–362 amino acids),...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 00:20

... or tagging method d Using trivial internal dependencies in Scheme E e Using annotated internal character dependencies Is Word Still Necessary? Note that this work is not about joint learning of ... 941 Parsing/wod 921 937 924 942 Parsing/w e 925 940 929 945 a The highest F-score in Bakeoff-3 is 0.933 b As for the tagging method, this means dynamic programming decoding; As for the parsing method, ... Formularization China / in / South Africa / embassy Using a character -level dependency representation, we first show how a word segmentation task can be transformed into a dependency parsing problem Since...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 20:20

... aligned grains and in- plane epitaxy LMO thin-film growth optimization to achieve p-type semiconducting behavior on (100)-STO substrates was also performed using PLD The laser fluence was maintained at ... by 90 , confirming in- plane epitaxy for all layers of the superlattice In order to determine the degree of relaxation and strain in the superlattice layers, reciprocal space mapping (RSM) of the ... taken using an FEI Titan 80–300 operating at 300 kV, revealing the presence of an epitaxial layered structure of high crystalline quality with sharp interfaces and no obvious signs of interlayer...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 08:53

... Subscripts 0¼ e¼ es ¼ p¼ ps ¼ s¼ initial state electron in metal electron in metal and phonon in dielectric phonon in metal phonon in metal and phonon in dielectric phonon in dielectric References [1] ... cooling rates are obtained with varying Res in either plot, indicating that the cooling rate is not sensitive to the coupling strength between phonons in metal and dielectric Note that an interface ... value, indicating a very high coupling strength between the phonons in metal and dielectric Conversely, the results vary greatly with the coupling strength between electrons in metal and phonons in...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 08:53

... temperature corresponding to its surface pressure In this case, the heating process deviates from the binode, but follows a superheating line shown in Fig 1, and the liquid is in a metastable state ... Laser-Beam Interactions with Materials, Springer Series in Materials Science 2, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Fucke, W., and Seydel, U., 1980, ‘‘Improved Experimental Determination of Critical-Point Data ... Laser-induced Shock Wave in Thin Nickel Foil,’’ Proc of the 1998 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, HTD-Vol 361-4, pp 79– 86 ͓26͔ Cavalleri, A., Sokolowski-Tinten,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 08:55

... temperature corresponding to its surface pressure In this case, the heating process deviates from the binode, but follows a superheating line shown in Fig 1, and the liquid is in a metastable state ... Laser-Beam Interactions with Materials, Springer Series in Materials Science 2, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Fucke, W., and Seydel, U., 1980, ‘‘Improved Experimental Determination of Critical-Point Data ... Laser-induced Shock Wave in Thin Nickel Foil,’’ Proc of the 1998 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, HTD-Vol 361-4, pp 79– 86 ͓26͔ Cavalleri, A., Sokolowski-Tinten,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 08:57

... the data set in an indexing exercise, allowing the data to be summarised by theme The next step in the data analysis was a charting exercise The original research questions and emerging themes ... Interviews were conducted with six key informants with expertise in human resources, training or administration, who were identified in an iterative process during the study Data analysis A thematic ... training to carry out the supervisory role This has a major impact on staff appraisal, with the majority of staff members reporting the absence of any such mechanisms in their institution Training...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... brain-computer interface (BCI) systems Brain and Cognition 2003, 51(3):326-336 Grosse-Wentrup M, Liefhold C, Gramann K, Buss M: Beamforming in noninvasive Brain-Computer Interfaces IEEE Transactions in Biomedical ... Transactions in Biomedical Engineering 2009, 56(4):1209-1219 Ramoser H, Mueller-Gerking J, Pfurtscheller G: Optimal Spatial Filtering of Single Trial EEG During Imagined Hand Movement IEEE Transactions ... permutations and n = 648 Furthermore, the points of intersection of the regression lines in Figure with zero change in classification accuracy roughly coincide with the unbiased classification accuracy...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... a body mass index ≥35kg/m2 increases the complexity of exposing the hip and accurately placing the 13 component, therefore increasing the risk in femoral notching [3, 14] Our study indicated that ... resurfacing procedures prior to this study Beginning in July 2006, we routinely recorded bone mineral density with the use of a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan prior to metal- on -metal ... and body mass index are not influenced by an observer (surgeon) bias Therefore, findings from this study can easily be incorporated into the practice of hip resurfacing without mastering additional...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20