feature that is essential

Báo cáo khoa học: Replacement of two invariant serine residues in chorismate synthase provides evidence that a proton relay system is essential for intermediate formation and catalytic activity docx

Ngày tải lên : 07/03/2014, 05:20

... protonation of His106, such that the enzyme is ready for the next substrate turnover. In this mechanism, His106 plays a central role, supported by structural evidence that this residue has some ... associated general acid is thought to be His106 [10]. It is therefore possible that disruption of the proposed proton relay system affects not only phosphate cleavage, but also this first flavin- protonation ... on this structure we were able to initiate a structure-based mutagenesis study to test mechanistic proposals. In our first study we demonstrated that the invariant histidine residues (His17...

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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: An anthrax lethal factor mutant that is defective at causing pyroptosis retains proapoptotic activity pdf

Ngày tải lên : 16/02/2014, 09:20

... has been shown previously that inhibition of the ERK pathway is sufﬁcient to induce apoptosis. It is unclear why the mutant is defective at causing pyroptosis, but it is presumably because LF-K518E ... cells. These data are consistent with the notion that induction of pyroptosis and apoptosis by LF occurs through the cleavage of distinct substrates. Results and Discussion We screened a collection ... certain strains of mice are rapidly killed by pyroptosis. Pyroptosis differs from apoptosis in that it is a proinﬂammatory form of cell death that depends on caspase-1 activity. A highly polymorphic...

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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Aggregative organization enhances the DNA end-joining process that is mediated by DNA-dependent protein kinase pdf

Ngày tải lên : 19/02/2014, 06:20

... (unpublished work). This predisposition implies the possibility that in vivo, instead of centrifugal force, the pre-existing aggregates may develop into damage-mediated ones. It is presumable that ... lines, HeLa S3 cells and placenta tissue (unpublished work), implying that the promotion of EJ by aggregation is common to many types of human cells. It is very likely that the resultant organization ... of nucleolin is suggestive. This region includes the basic and repeated octapep- tides that are similar to histone H1 [28] and acidic stretches that are able to be associated with histone H1 [29]....

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Báo cáo khoa học: Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein is essential for early mouse development and embryonic stem cell proliferation potx

Ngày tải lên : 07/03/2014, 00:20

... Self-renewal is the process by which a stem cell divides to generate one or two daughter stem cells with developmental potentials that are indistinguish- able from that of the mother cell. This process is ... 4 (Fig. 2C), as is seen in Nanog-deﬁcient ES cells [22]. Collectively, these data suggest that the phenotypes resulting from the absence of PTB are due to a distinct mechanism that is independent ... 2009 The Authors Journal compilation ª 2009 FEBS 6663 Discussion We have shown that PTB, which has multiple functions in RNA metabolism, is an essential factor in mouse early development and ES cell...

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Báo cáo khoa học: Molecular characterization of a novel nuclear transglutaminase that is expressed during starﬁsh embryogenesis ppt

Ngày tải lên : 08/03/2014, 10:20

... cells during the progression of embryogenesis. This ﬁnding is consistent with nTG being involved in the histone dimerization reaction. We have shown that the treatment of A. pectinifera embryos ... tissue TG into the nucleus in NCI-H596 cells [10]. Recently, it has b een demonstrated that tissue TG interacts with histone H2B in lysates of neural cells which had been committed to apoptosis ... of tissue TG in the nucleus is lower than that in the cytosol of normally growing cells [9]. On the other hand, nTG is located exclusively in the nucleus of starﬁsh embryos (Figs 3 and 4). This...

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Section 4-1 " ATP " write everything that is Black

Ngày tải lên : 13/03/2014, 17:46

... phosphate group is added. group is added. Section 4-1 Section 4-1 “ATP “ATP ” ” Write everything that is Write everything that is BLACK BLACK 4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP Organisms break down ... functions. – Energy is released when a phosphate group Energy is released when a phosphate group is removed. is removed. – ADP is changed into ATP when a phosphate ADP is changed into ATP ... like a book! in half like a book! 2. 2. The front page is the title page! Write on this page The front page is the title page! Write on this page CELLS & ENERGY. CELLS & ENERGY. Come...

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To Cut or Not to Cut? That is the (Central Bank’s) Question In Search of the Neutral Interest Rate in Latin America pdf

Ngày tải lên : 15/03/2014, 14:20

... we infer that this correlation could possibly indicate that central banks do respond counter-cyclically to business cycles fluctuations. Furthermore, we observe that monetary policy is effective ... Our analysis also suggests that most countries in the region entered the crisis from a position of strength—with positive output gaps and large monetary space. Indeed, (similar to Neiss and ... transmission mechanisms (reflected through a small response of market interest rates to a change in the monetary policy rate, e.g., due to excess liquidity); a monetary framework that is still...

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Economic Effects of Reducing the Fiscal Restraint That Is Scheduled to Occur in 2013 docx

Ngày tải lên : 15/03/2014, 20:20

... provisions will raise revenues by $18 billion. Other policies will reduce outlays by $103 billion between fiscal years 2012 and 2013:  Provisions of the Budget Control Act that established ... ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF REDUCING THE FISCAL RESTRAINT THAT IS SCHEDULED TO OCCUR IN 2013 CBO  Growing debt would increase the likelihood of a sud- den fiscal crisis, during which investors would ... REDUCING THE FISCAL RESTRAINT THAT IS SCHEDULED TO OCCUR IN 2013 3 CBO Fiscal Restraint in 2013 Under Current Law Under current law, many temporary changes in tax and spending policies that have...

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Báo cáo khoa học: ATP-binding domain of heat shock protein 70 is essential for its effects on the inhibition of the release of the second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase and apoptosis in C2C12 cells potx

Ngày tải lên : 16/03/2014, 01:20

... studies have shown that the ATP-binding domain of HSP70 is essential for its anti-apoptotic role. For example, deletional analysis demonstrated that the ATP-binding domain is essential for inhibiting the ... cell death, it is indispensable for many normal cellular functions, such as embryo development, tissue homeostasis and regulation of the immune system [1]. Malfunctions of apoptosis have been implicated ... than the pep- tide-binding domain, was essential for this speciﬁc function of the protein. Recent studies have revealed that HSP70-mediated protection is essential for cells aiming to combat stress...

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Báo cáo khoa học: The N-terminal cysteine pair of yeast sulfhydryl oxidase Erv1p is essential for in vivo activity and interacts with the primary redox centre doc

Ngày tải lên : 17/03/2014, 10:20

... The only cysteine mutant that is capable of supporting some growth at elevated temperatures is C30S. Because Erv1p exists as a dimeric protein in vivo it is possible that heterodimers between ... corresponding C-terminal part of Erv1p (red) is displayed on the right side of the ﬁgure. A C-terminal CGC motif is missing in Erv1p. Ó FEBS 2003 Cysteine mutagenesis of yeast ERV1 (Eur. J. Biochem. 270) ... oxidase: kinetic mechanism of the catalysis of disulﬁde bond formation. Biochemistry 38, 3211–3217. 24. Williamson, G., Engel, P.C., Mizzer, J.P., Thorpe, C. & Massey, V. (1982) Evidence that the greening...

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music that is romantic

Ngày tải lên : 21/03/2014, 22:10

... one that is still played much today, is well designed, melodious, and efficiently scored. However, its idiom causes it to be rhetorical in asense. It forces today's listeners to here lavishly ... excessive emotion on ideas that donot seem sufficiently important for such a display of feeling. Liszt's two symphonies were as programmatic as his symphonic poems. His masterpiece, the Faust ... Adagio there is a passage forsolo English horn and four Tympani intended to suggest "distant thunder". The foremost composer of program music after Beriloz was Franz Liszt, twelve of whose...

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Báo cáo khoa học: The Drosophila jumonji gene encodes a JmjC-containing nuclear protein that is required for metamorphosis pot

Ngày tải lên : 23/03/2014, 07:20

... compilation ª 2007 FEBS 6143 band is a nonspecific protein that is cross-reactive with the antibody. It should be noted that this cross-reactive 120 kDa band is undetectable in extracts from flies ... modified histones. Antibody to H3 was used as a loading control. This material is available as part of the online article from http://www.blackwell-synergy.com Please note: Blackwell Publishing is not ... protein Lid is a histone H3 trimethyl-Lys4 demethylase. Nat Struct Mol Biol 14, 341–343. 48 Secombe J, Li L, Carlos L & Eisenman RN (2007) The Trithorax group protein Lid is a trimethyl histone H3K4...

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Báo cáo khoa học: Metabolic pathway that produces essential fatty acids from polymethylene-interrupted polyunsaturated fatty acids in animal cells pot

Ngày tải lên : 23/03/2014, 09:20

... These results clearly show that peroxisomes are required for the formation of 16:2 D-7,10 from sciadonic acid, and that 16:2 D-7,10 is essential for the biosynthesis of linoleic acid. The absence ... supplementation. This indicates that juniperonic acid is processed by a metabolic pathway similar to that of sciadonic acid (Fig. 4). It is not known why 16:3 D-7,10,13, an expec- ted peroxisomal metabolite ... substrate for this metabolic pathway. It is known that arachidonic acid is converted into linoleic acid by peroxisomal b-oxida- tion, a process known as retroconversion [32]. It is interesting...

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Báo cáo khoa học: A designed curved DNA segment that is a remarkable activator of eukaryotic transcription potx

Ngày tải lên : 23/03/2014, 10:20

... is illus- trated in Fig. 8, is five times longer than that of T4. Therefore, T20 seems to have higher affinity for the histone core, compared with T4. Compressing T20 along the superhelical axis ... EBVori-containing episome and, most interestingly, in the genome of all stable transformants established in the study. In our earlier study, we showed that a T4 segment has high affinity for the histone core ... plasmids or on episomes that replicated in the nucleus was assayed as described previously [12,14]. Quantification of episomes in nuclei was performed using primer extension analysis. The DNA was...

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Báo cáo khoa học: NARG2 encodes a novel nuclear protein with (S/T)PXX motifs that is expressed during development docx

Ngày tải lên : 23/03/2014, 13:20

... proliferating c ells. We now report that NARG2 is a novel gene that encodes a nuclear protein that is conserved in mammals, but appears t o be absent in lower organisms. NARG2 contains repeats of ... indicate that NARG2 is usually locali zed to t he nucleus, t hat the canonical NLS p lays a s upporting role in nuclear localization, and that there is p robably an N LS in NARG2 that is not currently represented ... overall dn/ds ratio for NARG2 is < 1, indicating that, on balance, this protein i s under evolutionary pressure to r esist amino acid substitutions, a nd that it is likely to h ave a functional importance...